Occurrence of atypical myxomatosis in Central Europe: Clinical and virological examinations

A. Farsang; L. Makranszki; M. Dobos-Kovács; Györgyi Virág; Katalin Fábián; Tímea Barna; G. Kulcsár; L. Kucsera; F. Vetési

doi:10.1556/avet.51.2003.4.7

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

Volume/Issue:: Volume 51: Issue 4

Occurrence of atypical myxomatosis in Central Europe: Clinical and virological examinations

Authors:

A. Farsang

A. Farsang Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary

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L. Makranszki

L. Makranszki Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary

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M. Dobos-Kovács

M. Dobos-Kovács Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University Department of Parasitology and Zoology Budapest, Hungary

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Györgyi Virág

Györgyi Virág Institute for Small Animal Research (ISAR) Gödöll', Hungary

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Katalin Fábián

Katalin Fábián Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products Budapest, Hungary

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Tímea Barna

Tímea Barna Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary

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G. Kulcsár

G. Kulcsár Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary

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L. Kucsera

L. Kucsera Institute for Veterinary Medicinal Products H-1475 Budapest, P.O. Box 318, Hungary

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F. Vetési

F. Vetési Department of Pathology and Forensic Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Szent István University Budapest, Hungary

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Pages:: 493–501

Online Publication Date:: 22 Jul 2005

Publication Date:: 01 Oct 2003

Article Category:: Journal Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/avet.51.2003.4.7

Keywords:: PCR; PCR; PCR; Myxoma virus; myxomatosis; atypical; spread

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An outbreak of the atypical form of myxomatosis struck a rabbit farm in Hungary. The animals had previously been vaccinated with a vaccine containing Shope rabbit fibroma virus strain. The disease appeared in winter when the presence of mosquitoes and fleas is not common. The virus was isolated from an eyelid specimen of a naturally infected rabbit. The surviving animals were observed for four weeks, blood samples were collected and, after euthanasia, organ specimens were also examined by morphological methods including pathology and electron microscopy. Serum samples were examined by virus neutralisation for antibodies. Genetic analysis of the isolated virus was carried out by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct sequencing. The primers were designed on the basis of the major envelope gene (Env) of the Lausanne reference strain in the GenBank. The viral proteins were examined by SDS-PAGE. The isolated virus (ref. no.: BP04/2001) was able to infect the susceptible animals directly, by contact. The disease was characterised by respiratory symptoms of the upper tracheal tract, conjunctivitis and high mortality by the 11th-14th day. Aerogenic infection with strain BP04/2001 resulted in 100% morbidity among the susceptible animals. Sequencing of the amplified 400-bp-long DNA revealed 97% homology with the Env gene of the Lausanne strain, which proves that strain BP04/2001 is a variant of the Lausanne strain having been enzootic throughout Europe. The live vaccine strain used in Hungary against myxomatosis, which is also a Lausanne-derived strain, protected the animals. According to the protein analysis a protein of 200 kDa in size is not expressed in strain BP04/2001. This is the first report on atypical myxomatosis in Central Europe. The virus spreads by airborne transmission and may cause severe losses in the rabbit population.

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

Print ISSN:: 0236-6290

Online ISSN:: 1588-2705

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Editorial Board

Mária BENKŐ (Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, Budapest, Hungary)
Gábor BODÓ (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Béla DÉNES (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest Hungary)
Edit ESZTERBAUER (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
Hedvig FÉBEL (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
László FODOR (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
János GÁL (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Balázs HARRACH (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
Peter MASSÁNYI (Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic)
Béla NAGY (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
Tibor NÉMETH (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Zsuzsanna NEOGRÁDY (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Dušan PALIĆ (Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany)
Alessandra PELAGALLI (University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy)
Kurt PFISTER (Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany)
László SOLTI (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
József SZABÓ (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Péter VAJDOVICH (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
János VARGA (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Štefan VILČEK (University of Veterinary Medicine in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic)
Károly VÖRÖS (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
Herbert WEISSENBÖCK (University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria)
Attila ZSARNOVSZKY (Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary)

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Language	English
Size	A4
Year of Foundation	1951
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	4
Founder	Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
Founder's Address	H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
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ISSN	0236-6290 (Print)
ISSN	1588-2705 (Online)