Authors:
Soong-Hee Youn Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Dong-Hee Chung Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Eun Jung Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Ki-Yong Shin Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Hyeon-Joo Shin Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Joon-Young Yang Everland Zoological Garden, Yong-in, 17023, Korea

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Kyoo-Tae Kim College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Korea

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https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8103-9887
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Abstract

This study aimed to contribute to the conservation of red pandas by improving the understanding of their oestrus cycle through examining urinary hormone changes during their breeding season. To minimize stress associated with blood sample collection, we used urine samples Sex hormone levels were measured over six months in pregnant and nonpregnant red pandas, to help understand changes in oestrogen concentrations during oestrus, post-mating progesterone concentrations and differences in ceruloplasmin concentrations. The results of the study revealed that female red pandas are polyoestrous, with a second oestrogen peak after mating. Progesterone changed in a cascading fashion, peaking and then gradually declining. Successfully mated females showed higher levels of progesterone than unsuccessfully mated females, which had no peak in progesterone after mating. Ceruloplasmin was measured to confirm pregnancy, but its value as a pregnancy diagnostic factor was not confirmed. These results provide significant insights into the reproductive physiology of red pandas and lay the foundation for additional research towards improving the management and breeding strategies for this threatened species.

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  • Dedato, M. N., Magerman, J., Berke, O., Curry, E. and Mastromonaco, G. F. (2023): Understanding pregnancy-related hormones in female red pandas. Theriogenology Wild 3, 100053.

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  • Northrop, L. E. and Czekala, N. (2011): Chapter 8 - reproduction of the red panda. In: Glatston, A. R. (ed.) Red Panda. William Andrew Publishing, Oxford).

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  • Tsutsui, T., Hori, T., Nakashige, T., Narushima, E., Hara, T., Akikawa, T., Nose, N., Saito, K., Shichiri, S., Hashizaki, F. and Komiya, T. (2006): Semen quality in a Giant Panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in relation to oestrus of a nearby resident female panda. Theriogenology 66, 18031806.

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  • Umapathy, G., Yalla, S. and Beaulah, B. N. (2016): Non-invasive monitoring of reproductive and stress hormones in the endangered red panda (Ailurus fulgens fulgens). Anim. Reprod. Sci. 172.

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  • Wauters, J., Wilson, K. S., Bouts, T., Valentine, I., Vanderschueren, K., Ververs, C., Howie, A. F., Rae, M. T., Van Soom, A., Li, R., Li, D., Zhang, H. and Vanhaecke, L. (2018): Urinary specific gravity as an alternative for the normalisation of endocrine metabolite concentrations in giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) reproductive monitoring. Plos One 13, e0201420.

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  • Wei, F., , X., Li, C., Li, M., Ren, B. and Hu, J. (2005): Influences of mating groups on the reproductive success of the Southern Sichuan Red Panda (Ailurus fulgens styani). Zoo Biol. 24, 169176.

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  • Willis, E. L., Kersey, D. C., Durrant, B. S. and Kouba, A. J. (2011): The acute phase protein ceruloplasmin as a non-invasive marker of pseudopregnancy, pregnancy, and pregnancy loss in the giant panda. Plos One 6, e21159.

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  • Wilson, K. S., Wauters, J., Valentine, I., McNeilly, A., Girling, S., Li, R., Li, D., Zhang, H., Rae, M. T., Howie, F., Andrew, R. and Duncan, W. C. (2019): Urinary oestrogens as a non-invasive biomarker of viable pregnancy in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca). Sci. Rep. 9, 12772.

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Senior editors

Editor-in-Chief: Ferenc BASKA

Editorial assistant: Szilvia PÁLINKÁS

 

Editorial Board

  • Mária BENKŐ (Acta Veterinaria Hungarica, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Gábor BODÓ (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Béla DÉNES (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest Hungary)
  • Edit ESZTERBAUER (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Hedvig FÉBEL (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • László FODOR (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • János GÁL (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Balázs HARRACH (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Peter MASSÁNYI (Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic)
  • Béla NAGY (Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Tibor NÉMETH (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Zsuzsanna NEOGRÁDY (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Dušan PALIĆ (Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany)
  • Alessandra PELAGALLI (University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy)
  • Kurt PFISTER (Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Munich, Germany)
  • László SOLTI (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • József SZABÓ (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Péter VAJDOVICH (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • János VARGA (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Štefan VILČEK (University of Veterinary Medicine in Kosice, Kosice, Slovak Republic)
  • Károly VÖRÖS (University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary)
  • Herbert WEISSENBÖCK (University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria)
  • Attila ZSARNOVSZKY (Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary)

ACTA VETERINARIA HUNGARICA

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Phone: (36 20) 560 4183 (ed.-in-chief) or (36 1) 478 4100/8430 (editor)

E-mail: acta.veterinaria@univet.hu (ed.-in-chief)

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Acta Veterinaria Hungarica
Language English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation
1951
Volumes
per Year
1
Issues
per Year
4
Founder Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
Founder's
Address
H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 0236-6290 (Print)
ISSN 1588-2705 (Online)

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