Effect of crop production factors on the yield and yield stability of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids

Z. Z. Berzsenyi; Q. L. Dang

doi:10.1556/AAgr.54.2006.4.4

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Acta Agronomica Hungarica

Volume/Issue:: Volume 54: Issue 4

Effect of crop production factors on the yield and yield stability of maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids

Authors:

Z. Z. Berzsenyi

Z. Z. Berzsenyi Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Martonvásár, Hungary

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Q. L. Dang

Q. L. Dang Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences Martonvásár, Hungary

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Pages:: 413–424

Online Publication Date:: 13 Dec 2006

Publication Date:: 01 Dec 2006

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/AAgr.54.2006.4.4

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The effect of sowing date, N fertiliser rate, plant density and genotype on the yield stability of maize was analysed using 15-year data from a 5×4×5-factorial sowing date experiment, 35-year data from a two-factorial N fertilisation experiment and 25-year data from a two-factorial plant density experiment. Stability analysis on the experimental treatments was carried out using the variance and regression methods. Among the variance parameters, the ecovalence (W), the stability variance (σ²) and the yield stability (YS) were calculated. Based on the data of the sowing date experiment the optimum sowing date (Apr. 24) or sowing ten days later (May 5) were found to be the most stable due to the low, non-significant values of the variance parameters and the values close to unity for the regression coefficients (b). Although early sowing (Apr. 14) led to a significantly higher yield than late sowing, the yield stability was poorer for early sowing. In the long-term N fertilisation experiment the variance parameters indicated the least yield fluctuation at N rates of 80 and 160 kg ha^-1, though the yield stability (YS) parameter for the 240 kg ha^-1 N rate was also above-average. Regression analysis showed that the yield level and yield stability were the same in all environments for the 160 and 240 kg ha^-1 N rates. The stability of the 80 kg ha^-1 N rate was similar, but the yield level was approx. 1.3 t ha^-1 lower. The yield stability of the plant density response of the maize hybrids was different in each maturity group (FAO number). The stable plant density range was broadest (50-90 thousand plants ha^-1) in the FAO 200-299 group. As the vegetation period lengthened the stable plant density range narrowed and shifted towards lower plant densities (for the FAO 400-499 and FAO 500-599 maturity groups: 50-70 thousand plants ha^-1). The variance and regression parameters of stability analysis both contributed to the characterisation of the stability of the genotypes and cropping systems investigated. It can be concluded from the results that high yields and yield stability are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

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Acta Agronomica Hungarica

Print ISSN:: 0238-0161

Online ISSN:: 1588-2527

Acta Agronomica Hungarica
Language	English Russian German French
Size
Year of Foundation	1950
Publication Programme	ceased
Volumes per Year
Issues per Year
Founder	Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
Founder's Address	H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	0238-0161 (Print)
ISSN	1588-2527 (Online)