Authors:
Cs. Seregélyes Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary

Search for other papers by Cs. Seregélyes in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
and
D. Dudits Institute of Plant Biology, Biological Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences P.O. Box 521, H-6701 Szeged, Hungary

Search for other papers by D. Dudits in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Close
Restricted access

The recent review summarizes the major achievements in discovery of role of phytoglobins in mediation of nitric oxide generated cellular functions in higher plants. Genes encoding non-symbiotic hemoglobins have been cloned from several plant species. The expression pattern of these genes show tissue-specificity that is also under the control of stress factors like hypoxia. The nitric oxide has pivotal role in signalling pathway specifically in hypersensitive reactions and programmed cell death. Production of transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing the alfalfa hemoglobin showed altered necrotic symptoms after treatment with nitric oxide generating compounds or infection by necrotic pathogens. The present review helps to outline the similar relation between hemoglobin and nitric oxide in plants as it was found in animal cells.

  • Appleby, C. A. (1992) The origin and functions of haemoglobin in plants. Sci. Progress 76, 365-398.

    'The origin and functions of haemoglobin in plants ' () 76 Sci. Progress : 365 -398 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Appleby, C. A., Tjepkema, J. D., Trinick, M. J. (1983) Hemoglobin in a non-leguminous plant, Parasponia: possible genetic origin and function of nitrogen fixation. Science 220, 951-953.

    'Hemoglobin in a non-leguminous plant, Parasponia: possible genetic origin and function of nitrogen fixation. ' () 220 Science : 951 -953 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Arredondo-Peter, R., Hargrove, M. S., Sarath, G., Moran, J. F., Lohrman, J., Olson, J. S., Klucas, R. V. (1997) Rice hemoglobins: gene cloning, analysis and oxygen-binding kinetics of a recombinant protein synthesized in Escherichia coli. Plant Pysiol. 115, 1259-1266.

    'Rice hemoglobins: gene cloning, analysis and oxygen-binding kinetics of a recombinant protein synthesized in Escherichia coli. ' () 115 Plant Pysiol. : 1259 -1266 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Arredondo-Peter, R., Hargrove, M. S., Moran, J. F., Sarath, G., Klucas, R. V. (1998) Plant hemoglobins. Plant Physiol. 118, 1121-1125.

    'Plant hemoglobins ' () 118 Plant Physiol. : 1121 -1125 .

  • Beckman, J. S., Chen, J., Ischiropoulos, H., Crow, J. P. (1994) Oxydative chemistry of peroxynitrite. Methods Enzymol. 233, 229-240.

    'Oxydative chemistry of peroxynitrite ' () 233 Methods Enzymol. : 229 -240 .

  • Bergersen, F. J., Turner, G. L., Appleby, C. A. (1973) Studies of the physiological role of leghaemoglobin in soybean root nodules. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 292, 271-282.

    'Studies of the physiological role of leghaemoglobin in soybean root nodules ' () 292 Biochim. Biophys. Acta : 271 -282 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Bogusz, D., Appleby, C. A., Landsmann, J., Dennis, E. S., Trinick, M. J., Peacock, W. J. (1988) Functioning hemoglobin genes in non-nodulating plants. Nature 331, 178-180.

    'Functioning hemoglobin genes in non-nodulating plants ' () 331 Nature : 178 -180 .

  • Bradley, D. J., Kjellbom, P., Lamb, C. J. (1992) Elicitor- and wound-induced oxidative cross-linking of a proline-rich plant cell wall protein: A novel, rapid defense response. Cell 70, 21-30.

    'Elicitor- and wound-induced oxidative cross-linking of a proline-rich plant cell wall protein: A novel, rapid defense response ' () 70 Cell : 21 -30 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Chamnongpol, S., Willekens, H., Moeder, W., Langebartels, C., Sandermann, H. Jr., Van Montagu, M., Inze, D., Van Camp, W. (1998) Defense activation and enhanced pathogen tolerance induced by H2O2 in transgenic tobacco Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 5818-5823.

    'Defense activation and enhanced pathogen tolerance induced by H2O2 in transgenic tobacco ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 5818 -5823 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Christensen, T., Dennis, E. S., Peacock, W. J., Landsmann, J., Marcker, K. A. (1991) Hemoglobin genes in non-legumes: cloning and characterisation of a Casuarina glauca hemoglobin gene. Plant Mol. Biol. 16, 339-344.

    'Hemoglobin genes in non-legumes: cloning and characterisation of a Casuarina glauca hemoglobin gene. ' () 16 Plant Mol. Biol. : 339 -344 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Clarke, A., Desikan, R., Hurst, R. D., Hancock, J. T., Neill, S. J. (2000) NO way back: nitric oxide and programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cultures. Plant J. 24, 667-677.

    'NO way back: nitric oxide and programmed cell death in Arabidopsis thaliana suspension cultures. ' () 24 Plant J. : 667 -677 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Delledonne, M., Xia, Y., Dixon, R. A., Lamb, C. (1998) Nitric oxide functions as a signal in plant disease resistance. Nature 394, 585-588.

    'Nitric oxide functions as a signal in plant disease resistance ' () 394 Nature : 585 -588 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Delledonne, M., Zeier, J., Marocco, A., Lamb, C. (2001) Signal interactions between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98, 13454-13459.

    'Signal interactions between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response ' () 98 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 13454 -13459 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Dordas, C., Rivoal, J., Hill, R. D. (2002) Phytoglobins (Non-symbiotic hemoglobins) and hypoxia. Annals of Botany (In press)

    'Phytoglobins (Non-symbiotic hemoglobins) and hypoxia ' () Annals of Botany .

  • Duff, S. M. G., Wittenberg, J. B., Hill, R. D. (1997) Expression, purification, and properties of recombinant barley (Hordeum sp.) hemoglobin: Optical spectra and reactions with gaseous ligands. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 16746-16752.

    'Expression, purification, and properties of recombinant barley (Hordeum sp.) hemoglobin: Optical spectra and reactions with gaseous ligands. ' () 272 J. Biol. Chem. : 16746 -16752 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Durner, J., Wendehenne, D., Klessig, D. F. (1998) Defense gene induction in tobacco by nitric oxide, cyclic GMP and Cyclic ADP-ribose. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 10328-10333.

    'Defense gene induction in tobacco by nitric oxide, cyclic GMP and Cyclic ADP-ribose ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 10328 -10333 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Gilles-Gonzalez, M. A., Gonzalez, G., Perutz, M. F., Kiger, L., Marden, M. C., Poyart, C. (1994) Heme-based sensors, exemplified by the kinase FixL, are a new class of heme protein with distinctive ligand finding and autoxidation. Biochem. 33, 8067-8073.

    'Heme-based sensors, exemplified by the kinase FixL, are a new class of heme protein with distinctive ligand finding and autoxidation ' () 33 Biochem. : 8067 -8073 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Gow, A. J., Stamler, J. S. (1998) Reactions between nitric oxide and haemoglobin under physiological conditions. Nature 391, 169-173.

    'Reactions between nitric oxide and haemoglobin under physiological conditions ' () 391 Nature : 169 -173 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Gow, A. J., Luchsinger, B. P., Pawloski, J. R., Singel, D. J., Stamler, J. S. (1999) The oxyhemoglobin reaction of nitric oxide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 96, 9027-9032.

    'The oxyhemoglobin reaction of nitric oxide ' () 96 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 9027 -9032 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Hausladen, A., Gow, A. J., Stamler, J. S. (1998) Nitrosative stress: Metabolic pathway involving the flavohemoglobin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 14100-14105.

    'Nitrosative stress: Metabolic pathway involving the flavohemoglobin ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 14100 -14105 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Hausladen, A., Stamler, J. S. (1998) Nitric oxide in plant immunity. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 10345-10347.

    'Nitric oxide in plant immunity ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 10345 -10347 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Hentze, M. V., Kühn, L. C. (1996) Molecular control of vertebrate iron metabolism: mRNA-based regulatory circuits operated by iron, nitric oxide and oxidative stress. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93, 8175-8182.

    'Molecular control of vertebrate iron metabolism: mRNA-based regulatory circuits operated by iron, nitric oxide and oxidative stress ' () 93 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 8175 -8182 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Hill, R. D. (1998) What are hemoglobins doing in plants? Can. J. Bot. 76, 707-712.

    'What are hemoglobins doing in plants? ' () 76 Can. J. Bot. : 707 -712 .

  • Holmberg, N., Lilius, G., Bailey, J. E., Bülow, L. (1997) Transgenic tobacco expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin exhibits enhanced growth and altered metabolite production. Nature Biotech. 15, 244-247.

    'Transgenic tobacco expressing Vitreoscilla hemoglobin exhibits enhanced growth and altered metabolite production. ' () 15 Nature Biotech. : 244 -247 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Jabs, T., Tschöpe, M., Colling, C., Hahlbrock, K., Scheel, D. (1997) Elicitor-stimulated ion fluxes and O2-from the oxidative burst are essential components in triggering defense gene activation and phytoalexin synthesis in parsley. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 94, 4800-4805.

    'Elicitor-stimulated ion fluxes and O2-from the oxidative burst are essential components in triggering defense gene activation and phytoalexin synthesis in parsley. ' () 94 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 4800 -4805 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Kim, P. K., Zamora, R., Petrosko, P., Billiar, T. R. (2001) The regulatory role of nitric oxide in apoptosis. Int. Immunopharmacol. 1, 1421-1441.

    'The regulatory role of nitric oxide in apoptosis ' () 1 Int. Immunopharmacol. : 1421 -1441 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Klessig, D. F., Durner, J., Noad, R., Navarre, D., Wendehenne, D., Kumar, D., Zhou, J. M., Shah, J., Zhang, S., Kachroo, P., Trifa, Y., Pontier, D., Lam, E., Silva, H. (2000) Nitric oxide and salicylic acid signaling in plant defense. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 97, 8849-8855.

    'Nitric oxide and salicylic acid signaling in plant defense ' () 97 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 8849 -8855 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Kortt, A. A., Inglis, A. S., Fleming, A. I., Appleby, C. A. (1988) Amino acid sequence of hemoglobin I from root nodules of the non-leguminous Casuarina glauca-Frankia symbiosis. FEBS Lett. 231, 341-346.

    'Amino acid sequence of hemoglobin I from root nodules of the non-leguminous Casuarina glauca-Frankia symbiosis ' () 231 FEBS Lett. : 341 -346 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Kubo, H. (1939) Über Hämprotein aus der Wurzellknölchen von Leguminosen. Acta Phytochim. 11, 195-200.

    'Über Hämprotein aus der Wurzellknölchen von Leguminosen ' () 11 Acta Phytochim. : 195 -200 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Lamb, C., Dixon, R. (1997) The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance. Annu. Rev. Plant Phys. Plant Mol. Biol. 48, 251-275.

    'The oxidative burst in plant disease resistance ' () 48 Annu. Rev. Plant Phys. Plant Mol. Biol. : 251 -275 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Lander, H. M., Jacovina, A. T., Davis, R. J., Tauras, J. M. (1996) Differential activation of mitogenactivated protein kinases by nitric oxide species. J. Biol. Chem. 271, 19705-19709.

    'Differential activation of mitogenactivated protein kinases by nitric oxide species ' () 271 J. Biol. Chem. : 19705 -19709 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Landsmann, J., Dennis, E. S., Higgins, T. J. V., Appleby, C. A., Kortt, A. A., Peacock, W. J. (1986) Common evolutionary origin of legume and non-legume plant hemoglobins. Nature 324, 166-168.

    'Common evolutionary origin of legume and non-legume plant hemoglobins ' () 324 Nature : 166 -168 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Levine, A., Tenhaken, R., Dixon, R. A., Lamb, C. (1994) H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive response. Cell 79, 583-593.

    'H2O2 from the oxidative burst orchestrates the plant hypersensitive response. ' () 79 Cell : 583 -593 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • McDonald, L. J., Murad, F. (1995) Nitric oxide and cGMP signaling. Adv. Pharmacol. 34, 263-275.

    'Nitric oxide and cGMP signaling ' () 34 Adv. Pharmacol. : 263 -275 .

  • Messmer, U. K., Ankarcrona, M., Nicotera, P., Brune, B. (1994) p53 expression in nitric oxideinduced apoptosis. FEBS Lett. 355, 23-26.

    'p53 expression in nitric oxideinduced apoptosis ' () 355 FEBS Lett. : 23 -26 .

  • Minning, D. M., Gow, A. J., Bonaventura, J., Braun, R., Dewhirst, M., Goldberg, D. E., Stamler, J. S. (1999) Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated `deoxygenase'. Nature 401, 497-502.

    'Ascaris haemoglobin is a nitric oxide-activated `deoxygenase' ' () 401 Nature : 497 -502 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Mott, H. R., Carpenter, J. W., Campbell, S. L. (1997) Structural and functional analysis of a mutant Ras protein that is insensitive to nitric oxide activation. Biochemistry 36, 3640-3644.

    'Structural and functional analysis of a mutant Ras protein that is insensitive to nitric oxide activation ' () 36 Biochemistry : 3640 -3644 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Nathan, C., Xie, Q. W. (1994) Nitric oxide synthases: roles, tolls and controls. Cell, 78, 915-918.

    () 78 Cell : 915 -918 .

  • Navarre, D. A., Wendehenne, D., Durner, J., Noad, R., Klessig, D. F. (2000) Nitric oxide modulates the activity of tobacco aconitase. Plant Physiol. 122, 573-582.

    'Nitric oxide modulates the activity of tobacco aconitase ' () 122 Plant Physiol. : 573 -582 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Nie, X. Z., Hill, R. D. (1997) Mitochondrial respiration and hemoglobin gene expression in barley aleurone tissue. Plant Physiol. 114 835-840.

    'Mitochondrial respiration and hemoglobin gene expression in barley aleurone tissue ' () 114 Plant Physiol. : 835 -840 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Pedroso, M. C., Magalhaes, J. R., Durzan, D. (2000) Nitric oxide induces cell death in Taxus cells. Plant Sci. 157, 173-180.

    'Nitric oxide induces cell death in Taxus cells. ' () 157 Plant Sci. : 173 -180 .

  • Poole, R. K. (1994) Oxygen reactions with bacterial oxidases and globins: binding, reduction and regulation. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 65, 289-310.

    'Oxygen reactions with bacterial oxidases and globins: binding, reduction and regulation ' () 65 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek : 289 -310 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Poole, R. K., Ioannidis, N., Orii, Y. (1996) Reactions of the Escherichia coli flavohaemoglobin (Hmp) with NADH and near-micromolar oxygen: oxygen affinity of NADH oxidase. Microbiology (Reading) 142, 1141-1148.

    'Reactions of the Escherichia coli flavohaemoglobin (Hmp) with NADH and near-micromolar oxygen: oxygen affinity of NADH oxidase. ' () 142 Microbiology (Reading) : 1141 -1148 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Ribeiro, E. A., Cunha, F. Q., Tamashiro, W. M., Martins, I. S. (1999) Growth phase-dependent sub-cellular localization of nitric oxide synthase in maize cells. FEBS Lett. 445, 283-286.

    'Growth phase-dependent sub-cellular localization of nitric oxide synthase in maize cells ' () 445 FEBS Lett. : 283 -286 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Schmidt, H. H. H. W., Walter, U. (1994) NO at work. Cell 78, 919-925.

    'NO at work. ' () 78 Cell : 919 -925 .

  • Seregélyes, C., Mustárdy, L., Ayaydin, F., Sass, L., Kovács, L., Endre, G., Lukács, N., Kovács, I., Vass, I., Kiss, G. B., Horváth, G. V., Dudits, D. (2000) Nuclear localization of a hypoxia-inducible novel nonsymbiotic hemoglobin in cultured alfalfa cells. FEBS Lett. 482, 125-130.

    'Nuclear localization of a hypoxia-inducible novel nonsymbiotic hemoglobin in cultured alfalfa cells ' () 482 FEBS Lett. : 125 -130 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Seregélyes, C., Balázs, B., Hennig, J., Konopka, D., Pasternak, T., Lukács, N., Fehér, A., Horváth, G. V., Dudits, D. (2002) Phytoglobins can interfere with nitric oxide functions during plant growth and pathogenic responses: a transgenic approach. (Submitted for publication)

  • Soni, R., Murray, J. A. (1994) Isolation of intact DNA and RNA from plant tissues. Anal. Biochem. 218, 474-476.

    'Isolation of intact DNA and RNA from plant tissues ' () 218 Anal. Biochem. : 474 -476 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Sowa, A. W., Duff, S. M. G., Guy, P. A., Hill, R. D. (1998) Altering hemoglobin levels changes energy status in maize cells under hypoxia. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 10317-10321.

    'Altering hemoglobin levels changes energy status in maize cells under hypoxia ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 10317 -10321 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Stamler, J. S. (1994) Redox signaling: nitrosylation and related target interactions of nitric oxide. Cell 78, 931-936.

    'Redox signaling: nitrosylation and related target interactions of nitric oxide ' () 78 Cell : 931 -936 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Stamler, J. S., Singel, D. J., Loscalzo, J. (1992) Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms. Science 258, 1898-1902.

    'Biochemistry of nitric oxide and its redox-activated forms ' () 258 Science : 1898 -1902 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Stamler, J. S., Jia, L., Eu, J. P., McMahon, T. J., Demchenko, I. T., Bonaventura, J., Gernert, K., Piantadosi, C. A. (1997) Blood flow regulation by S-nitrosohemoglobin in the physiological oxygen gradient. Science 276, 2034-2037.

    'Blood flow regulation by S-nitrosohemoglobin in the physiological oxygen gradient ' () 276 Science : 2034 -2037 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Trevaskis, B., Watts, R. A., Andersson, S. R., Llewellyn, D. J., Hargrove, M. S., Olson, J. S., Taylor, E. R., Nie, X. Z., MacGregor, A. W., Hill, R. D. (1994) A cereal hemoglobin gene is expressed in seed and root tissues under anaerobic conditions. Plant Mol. Biol. 24, 853-862.

    'A cereal hemoglobin gene is expressed in seed and root tissues under anaerobic conditions ' () 24 Plant Mol. Biol. : 853 -862 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Trevaskis, B., Watts, R. A., Andersson, C. R., Llewellyn, D. J., Hargrove, M. S., Olson, J. S., Dennis, E. S., Peacock, W. J. (1997) Two hemoglobin genes in Arabidopsis thaliana: The evolutionary origins of leghemoglobins. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 94, 12230-12234.

    'Two hemoglobin genes in Arabidopsis thaliana: The evolutionary origins of leghemoglobins. ' () 94 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 12230 -12234 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Van Camp, W., Van Montagu, M., Inzé, D. (1998) H2O2 and NO: redox signals in disease resistance. Trends Plant Sci. 3, 330-334.

    'H2O2 and NO: redox signals in disease resistance. ' () 3 Trends Plant Sci. : 330 -334 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Wang, R., Gruegler, K., LaBrie, S. T., Crawford, N. M. (2000) Genomic analysis of a nutrient response in Arabidopsis reveals diverse expression patterns and novel metabolic and potential regulatory genes induced by nitrate. Plant Cell 12, 1491-1510.

    'Genomic analysis of a nutrient response in Arabidopsis reveals diverse expression patterns and novel metabolic and potential regulatory genes induced by nitrate. ' () 12 Plant Cell : 1491 -1510 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Watts, R. A., Hunt, P. W., Hvitved, A. N., Hargrove, M. S., Peacock, W. J., Dennis, E. S. (2001) A hemoglobin from plants homologous to truncated hemoglobins of microorganisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 98, 10119-10124.

    'A hemoglobin from plants homologous to truncated hemoglobins of microorganisms ' () 98 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 10119 -10124 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Wendehenne, D., Pugin, A., Klessig, D. F., Durner, J. (2001) Nitric oxide: comparative synthesis and signaling in animal and plant cells, Trends Plant Sci. 6, 177-183.

    'Nitric oxide: comparative synthesis and signaling in animal and plant cells ' () 6 Trends Plant Sci. : 177 -183 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Wittenberg, J. B., Wittenberg, B. A. (1990) Mechanisms of cytoplasmic hemoglobin and myoglobin function. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Chem. 19, 217-241.

    'Mechanisms of cytoplasmic hemoglobin and myoglobin function ' () 19 Annu. Rev. Biophys. Chem. : 217 -241 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Andersson, C. R., Jensen, E. O., Llewellyn, D. J., Dennis, E. S., Peacock, W. J. (1996) A new hemoglobin gene from soybean: a role for hemoglobin in all plants. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 93, 5682-5687.

    'A new hemoglobin gene from soybean: a role for hemoglobin in all plants ' () 93 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 5682 -5687 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Appleby, C. A. (1984) Leghemoglobin and rhizobium respiration. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 35, 443-478.

    'Leghemoglobin and rhizobium respiration ' () 35 Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. : 443 -478 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Yun, H. Y., Gonzalez-Zulueta, M., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M. (1998) Nitric oxide mediates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-induced activation of p21ras. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 95, 5773-5778.

    'Nitric oxide mediates N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-induced activation of p21ras ' () 95 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. : 5773 -5778 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Collapse
  • Expand

Editorial Board

    1. Csányi, Vilmos (Göd)
    1. Dudits, Dénes (Szeged)
    1. Falus, András (Budapest)
    1. Fischer, Ernő (Pécs)
    1. Gábriel, Róbert (Pécs)
    1. Gulya, Károly (Szeged)
    1. Gulyás, Balázs (Stockholm)
    1. Hajós, Ferenc (Budapest)
    1. Hámori, József (Budapest)
    1. Heszky, László (Gödöllő)
    1. Hideg, Éva (Szeged)
    1. E. Ito (Sanuki)
    1. Janda, Tibor (Martonvásár)
    1. Kavanaugh, Michael P. (Missoula)
    1. Kása, Péter (Szeged)
    1. Klein, Éva (Stockholm)
    1. Kovács, János (Budapest)
    1. Brigitte Mauch-Mani (Neuchâtel)
    1. Nässel, Dick R. (Stockholm)
    1. Nemcsók, János (Szeged)
    1. Péczely, Péter (Gödöllő)
    1. Roberts, D. F. (Newcastle-upon-Tyne)
    1. Sakharov, Dimitri A. (Moscow)
    1. Singh, Meharvan (Fort Worth)
    1. Sipiczky, Mátyás (Debrecen)
    1. Szeberényi, József (Pécs)
    1. Székely, György (Debrecen)
    1. Tari, Irma (Szeged)
    1. Vágvölgyi, Csaba (Szeged),
    1. L. Zaborszky (Newark)

 

Acta Biologica Hungarica
P.O. Box 35
H-8237 Tihany, Hungary
Phone: (36 87) 448 244 ext. 103
Fax: (36 87) 448 006
E-mail: elekes@tres.blki.hu

Indexing and Abstracting Services:

  • Biological Abstracts
  • BIOSIS Previews
  • CAB Abstracts
  • Chemical Abstracts
  • Current Contents: Agriculture
  • Biology and Environmental Sciences
  • Elsevier BIOBASE
  • Global Health
  • Index Medicus
  • Index Veterinarius
  • Medline
  • Referativnyi Zhurnal
  • Science Citation Index
  • Science Citation Index Expanded (SciSearch)
  • SCOPUS
  • The ISI Alerting Services
  • Zoological Abstracts

 

Acta Biologica Hungarica
Language English
Size  
Year of
Foundation
1950
Publication
Programme
changed title
Volumes
per Year
 
Issues
per Year
 
Founder Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
Founder's
Address
H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 0236-5383 (Print)
ISSN 1588-256X (Online)