Situation of the Straw Plaiting Cottage Industry in the Carpathian Basin in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

Magdolna N. Szabó

doi:10.1556/AEthn.49.2004.3-4.9

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Acta Ethnographica Hungarica

Volume/Issue:: Volume 49: Issue 3-4

Situation of the Straw Plaiting Cottage Industry in the Carpathian Basin in the Late 19th and Early 20th Centuries

Author:

Magdolna N. Szabó

Magdolna N. Szabó H-6753 Szeged, Kôrös sor 33, Hungary

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Pages:: 299–311

Online Publication Date:: 22 Jul 2005

Publication Date:: 01 Sep 2004

Article Category:: Journal Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/AEthn.49.2004.3-4.9

Keywords:: history of cottage industry; straw hat making; promoting domestic industry and its influence

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Research on cottage industry in the Carpathian Basin has not paid very much attention to work with straw. In peasant self-sufficiency, in addition to wickerwork and rush weaving, plaits made of wheat and rye straw were among the main materials used for agricultural and household storage containers. In some areas the making of straw hats as an income-supplementing activity carried out together with agricultural work also acquired special importance. In the 19th century with the expansion of trade this cottage industry in places rose to the level of a manufacturing industry. At the turn of the century the movements promoting domestic industry and the trade exhibitions gave special impetus to this activity. It flourished right up to the Trianon decision of 1920. As a consequence of the dictated peace Hungary lost around two-thirds of its territory and economic ties were suddenly severed. In some parts of the Great Plain, e.g. in Hajdúnánás (today Hajdú-Bihar County), and especially in the villages of the Székelyföld region, traditional straw hat making has survived right up to the present as a women's activity, providing a livelihood for many women working at home. This article deals with the industrial history background, with questions affecting cottage industry in general, and with the past of once flourishing trade connections, devoting special attention to a few villages in Hungary and in the Székelyföld region in the territory of today's Romania.

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Acta Ethnographica Hungarica

Print ISSN:: 1216-9803

Online ISSN:: 1588-2586

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Balázs BALOGH (Institute of Ethnology, Research Centre for the Humanities)
Elek BARTHA (University of Debrecen)
Balázs BORSOS (Institute of Ethnology, Research Centre for the Humanities)
Miklós CSERI (Hungarian Open Air Museum, the Skanzen of Szentendre)
Lajos KEMECSI (Museum of Ethnography)
László KÓSA (Eötvös University, Budapest)
lldikó LANDGRAF (Institute of Ethnology, Research Centre for the Humanities)
Tamás MOHAY (Eötvös University, Budapest)
László MÓD (University of Szeged)
Attila PALÁDI-KOVÁCS (Institute of Ethnology, Research Centre for the Humanities and Eötvös University, Budapest)
Gábor VARGYAS (Institute of Ethnology, Research Centre for the Humanities and University of Pécs)
Vilmos VOIGT (Eötvös University, Budapest)

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Chris HANN (Halle, Germany)
Krista HARPER (Amherst, MA USA)
Anya PETERSON ROYCE (Bloomington, IN USA)
Ferenc POZSONY (Cluj, Romania)
Helena RUOTSALA (Turku, Finland)
Mary N. TAYLOR (New York, NY USA)
András ZEMPLÉNI (Paris, France)

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Acta Ethnographica Hungarica
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