Silicate melt inclusions are frequent in the phenocryst phases (quartz, plagioclase, orthopyroxene, ilmenite and accessory minerals) of the Miocene silicic pyroclastic rocks of the Bükkalja Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary. These melt inclusions were trapped at different stages of magma evolution; therefore, they provide important information on the petrogenetic processes. The melt inclusions in the Bükkalja pyroclastic rocks show various textures such as (1) wholly enclosed type; (2) hourglass inclusions and (3) reentrant or embayment glass. Among the wholly enclosed type melt inclusions further textural subgroups can be distinguished based on their shape: negative crystal, rounded, elongated and irregular shaped. These various textures reflect differences in the time of entrapment prior to eruption and in the post-entrapment condition in the magma chamber. The largest textural variation was found in the quartz-hosted melt inclusions. However, the major element compositions of these melt inclusions do not differ from one another in the same unit. In general, compositions of the melt inclusions are similar to the chemistry of the glass shards. Comparing the composition of the quartz-hosted melt inclusions from three main ignimbrite units (Lower, Middle and Harsány Ignimbrite Units), slight differences have been recognized, suggesting distinct erupted host magmas. Melt inclusions from the andesitic lithic clast of the Lower Ignimbrite Unit could represent heterogeneous interstitial melt in the crystal mush zone at the magma chamber wall. The largest geochemical variation was found in the melt inclusion of the Middle Ignimbrite Unit, even in single samples. This compositional variation overlaps that of the rhyolitic juvenile clasts, but does not match that of the glasses of scoria clasts. We suggest that syn-eruptive magma mixing (mingling) occurred in a compositionally heterogeneous magma chamber of the Middle Ignimbrite Unit.
Lukács, R., Sz. Harangi, I. Oláh 2001: Correlation of Miocene pumice-bearing pyroclastic deposits in the Pannonian Basin. - Mitt. der Österreichischen Mineral. Gesellschaft, 146, pp. 180-182.
'Correlation of Miocene pumice-bearing pyroclastic deposits in the Pannonian Basin ' () 146 Mitt. der Österreichischen Mineral. Gesellschaft : 180 -182 .
Manley, C., R. 1996: Morphology and maturation of melt inclusions in quartz phenocrysts from the Badlands rhyolite lava flow, southwestern Idaho. - Am. Miner., 81, pp. 158-168.
'Morphology and maturation of melt inclusions in quartz phenocrysts from the Badlands rhyolite lava flow, southwestern Idaho ' () 81 Am. Miner. : 158 -168 .
Márton, E., L. Fodor 1995: Combination of paleomagnetic and stress data - a case study from North Hungary. - Tectonophysics, 242, pp. 99-114.
'Combination of paleomagnetic and stress data - a case study from North Hungary ' () 242 Tectonophysics : 99 -114 .
Harangi, Sz., R. Lukács, Gy. Czuppon, Cs. Szabó 2002: Magma mixing in a compositionally layered magma chamber: a silicate melt inclusion study. - Proceedings Workshop-Short Course on Volcanic Systems, Seiano, Italy, 101-106.
, , .
Hervig, R., L., N. W. Dunbar 1992: Causes of chemical zoning in the Bishop (California) and Bandelier (New Mexico) magma chambers. - Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 111, pp. 97-108.
'Causes of chemical zoning in the Bishop (California) and Bandelier (New Mexico) magma chambers ' () 111 Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. : 97 -108 .
Hildreth, W., 1981: Gradients in silicic magma chambers: Implications for lithospheric magmatism. - Journal of Geophysical Research, 86, pp. 10153-10192.
'Gradients in silicic magma chambers: Implications for lithospheric magmatism ' () 86 Journal of Geophysical Research : 10153 -10192 .
Francis, P., W., R. S. J. Sparks, C. J. Hawkesworth, R. S. Thorpe, D. M. Pyle, S. R. Tait, M. S. Mantovani, F. McDermott 1989: Petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks of the Cerro Galán caldera, Argentina. - Geological Magazine, 126, pp. 515-547.
'Petrology and geochemistry of volcanic rocks of the Cerro Galán caldera, Argentina ' () 126 Geological Magazine : 515 -547 .
Freundt, A., H.-U. Schmincke 1992: Mixing of rhyolite, trachyte and basalt magma erupted from a vertically and laterally zoned reservoir, composite flow P1, Gran Canaria. - Contria. Mineral. and Petr., 112, pp. 1-19.
'Mixing of rhyolite, trachyte and basalt magma erupted from a vertically and laterally zoned reservoir, composite flow P1, Gran Canaria ' () 112 Contria. Mineral. and Petr. : 1 -19 .
Harangi, Sz. 2001: Neogene to Quaternary Volcanism of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region - a review. - Acta Geol. Hung., 44, pp. 223-258.
'Neogene to Quaternary Volcanism of the Carpathian-Pannonian Region - a review ' () 44 Acta Geol. Hung. : 223 -258 .
Briggs, R., M., M. G. Gifford, A. R. Moyle, S. R. Taylor, M. D. Norman, B. F. Houghton, C. J. N. Wilson 1993: Geochemical zoning and eruptive mixing in ignimbrites from Mangakino volcano, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. - J. of Volcanology and Geothermal Res., 56, pp. 175-203.
'Geochemical zoning and eruptive mixing in ignimbrites from Mangakino volcano, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand ' () 56 J. of Volcanology and Geothermal Res. : 175 -203 .
Capaccioni, B., N. Coradossi, R. Harangi, Sz. Harangi, D. Karátson, D. Sarocchi, L. Valentini 1995: Early Miocene pyroclastic rocks of the Bükkalja Ignimbrite Field (North Hungary) - A preliminary stratigraphic report. - In: H. Downes, O. Vaselli (Eds): Neogene and related magmatism in the Carpatho-Pannonian Region., Acta Vulcanol., 7, pp. 119-124.
Early Miocene pyroclastic rocks of the Bükkalja Ignimbrite Field (North Hungary) - A preliminary stratigraphic report , () 119 -124 .
Aguirre-Diaz, G. J. 2001: Recurrent magma mingling in successive ignimbrites from Amealco caldera, central Mexico. - Bull. Volcanol., 63, pp. 238-251.
'Recurrent magma mingling in successive ignimbrites from Amealco caldera, central Mexico ' () 63 Bull. Volcanol. : 238 -251 .
Anderson, A., T. Jr., 1991: Hourglass inclusions: Theory and application to the Bishop rhyolitic tuff. - Am. Mineral., 76, pp. 530-547.
'Hourglass inclusions: Theory and application to the Bishop rhyolitic tuff ' () 76 Am. Mineral. : 530 -547 .
Anderson, A., T., A. M. Davis, L. Fangqiong 2000: Evolution of Bishop Tuff rhyolitic magma based on melt and magnetic inclusions and zoned phenocrysts. - J. of Petrology, 41/3, pp. 449-473.
'Evolution of Bishop Tuff rhyolitic magma based on melt and magnetic inclusions and zoned phenocrysts ' () 41 J. of Petrology : 449 -473 .
Bacon, C., R., T. H. Druitt 1988: Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon. - Contrib. to Mineral, and Petr., 98, pp. 224-256.
'Compositional evolution of the zoned calcalkaline magma chamber of Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon ' () 98 Contrib. to Mineral, and Petr. : 224 -256 .
Beddoe-Stephens, B., J. A. Aspden, T. J. Shepherd 1983: Glass Inclusions and melt compositions of the Toba Tuffs, Northern Sumatra. - Contrib. to Mineral, and Petr., 83, pp. 278-287.
'Glass Inclusions and melt compositions of the Toba Tuffs, Northern Sumatra ' () 83 Contrib. to Mineral, and Petr. : 278 -287 .
Márton E., Z. Pécskay 1998: Complex evaluation of paleomagnetic and K/Ar isotope data of the Miocene ignimbritic volcanics in the Bükk Foreland, Hungary. - Acta Geol. Hung., 41/4, pp. 467-476.
'Complex evaluation of paleomagnetic and K/Ar isotope data of the Miocene ignimbritic volcanics in the Bükk Foreland, Hungary ' () 41 Acta Geol. Hung. : 467 -476 .
Lexa, J., V. Konecnŷ, V. 1999: Geodynamic aspects of the Neogene to Quaternary volcanism. - In: Rakús, M. (Ed.): Geodynamic development of the Western Carpathians - Geol. Surv. of Slovak Republik, Bratislava, pp. 219-240.
Geodynamic aspects of the Neogene to Quaternary volcanism , ().
Lu, F., A. T. Anderson Jr., A. M. Davis 1992: Melt inclusions and crystal-liquid separation in rhyolitic magma of the Bishop Tuff. - Contrib. Mineral. and Petr., 110, pp. 113-120.
'Melt inclusions and crystal-liquid separation in rhyolitic magma of the Bishop Tuff ' () 110 Contrib. Mineral. and Petr. : 113 -120 .
Lukács, R., Sz. Harangi 2001: Geochemistry of Miocene pyroclastic deposits in the Pannonian Basin: Correlation and genesis of silicic volcanic units in the Bükkalja Ignimbrite Volcanic Field. - PANCARDI 2001, Abstract Volume, PO-8
Lukács, R., Sz. Harangi 2002: Petrogenesis of the Miocene silicic magmas in the Pannonian Basin - A case study in the Eastern Bükkalja Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary. - Geologica Carpathica, 53, pp. 13-14.
'Petrogenesis of the Miocene silicic magmas in the Pannonian Basin - A case study in the Eastern Bükkalja Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary ' () 53 Geologica Carpathica : 13 -14 .
Harangi, Sz., R. Lukács, Zs. Szabó, D. Karátson 2000: The Miocene Bükkalja Ignimbrite Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary: Volcanology, mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry. - Vijesti Hrvatskoga Geoloskog Drustva, 37, p. 51.
'The Miocene Bükkalja Ignimbrite Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary: Volcanology, mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry ' () 37 Vijesti Hrvatskoga Geoloskog Drustva .
Blake, S., C. J. N. Wilson, I. E. M. Smith, G. P. L. Walker 1992: Petrology and dynamics of the Waimihia mixed magma eruption, Taupo Volcano, New Zealand. - J. of the Geol. Soc., London, 149, pp. 193-207.
'Petrology and dynamics of the Waimihia mixed magma eruption, Taupo Volcano, New Zealand ' () 149 J. of the Geol. Soc., London : 193 -207 .
Sutton, A., N., S. Blake, J. N. C. Wilson, B. L. A. Charlier 2000: Late Quaternary evolution of a hyperactive rhyolite magmatic system: Taupo volcanic centre, New Zealand. - J. of the Geol. Soc., London, 157, pp. 537-552.
'Late Quaternary evolution of a hyperactive rhyolite magmatic system: Taupo volcanic centre, New Zealand ' () 157 J. of the Geol. Soc., London : 537 -552 .
Downes, H., 1996 Neogene magmatism and tectonics in the Carpatho-Pannonian region. - In: K. Decker (Ed.): PANCARDI Workshop 1996, Dynamics of the Pannonian-Carpathian-Dinaride System. - Mid. Ges. Geol. Bergbaustud. Österr., 41., pp. 104-105.
Neogene magmatism and tectonics in the Carpatho-Pannonian region , () Österr -105 .
Dunbar, N., W., R. L. Hervig 1992: Petrogenesis and Volatile Stratigraphy of the Bishop from melt inclusion analysis. - J. of Geophys. Res., 97, pp. 15129-15150.
'Petrogenesis and Volatile Stratigraphy of the Bishop from melt inclusion analysis ' () 97 J. of Geophys. Res. : 15129 -15150 .
Dunbar, N., W., P. R. Kyle, C. J. N. Wilson 1989: Evidence for limited zonation in silicic magma systems, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. - Geology, 17, pp. 234-236.
'Evidence for limited zonation in silicic magma systems, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand ' () 17 Geology : 234 -236 .
Szakács, A., T. Zelenka, E. Márton, Z. Pécskay, T. Póka, I. Seghedi 1998: Miocene acidic explosive volcanism in the Bükk Foreland, Hungary: Identifying eruptive sequences and searching for source locations. - Acta Geol. Hung., 41/4, pp. 413-435.
'Miocene acidic explosive volcanism in the Bükk Foreland, Hungary: Identifying eruptive sequences and searching for source locations ' () 41 Acta Geol. Hung. : 413 -435 .
Varga, Gy. 1981: Újabb adatok az összesölt tufatelepek és ignimbritek ismeretéhez (Newer data to the knowledge of the welded tuff deposits and ignimbrites). - MÁFI Évi Jelentése 1979-rodblac;l, pp. 499-509.
Pantó, G. 1963: Ignimbrites of Hungary with regard to their genetics and classification - Bull. Volcanol., 25, pp. 175-181.
'Ignimbrites of Hungary with regard to their genetics and classification - Bull ' () 25 Volcanol. : 175 -181 .
Poka, T., T. Zelenka, A. Szakács, I. Seghedi, G. Nagy, A. Simonits 1998: Petrology and geochemistry of the Miocene acidic explosive volcanism of the Bükk Foreland; Pannonian Basin, Hungary. - Acta Geol. Hung., 41/4, pp. 437-466.
'Petrology and geochemistry of the Miocene acidic explosive volcanism of the Bükk Foreland; Pannonian Basin, Hungary ' () 41 Acta Geol. Hung. : 437 -466 .
Roedder, E., 1984: Fluid Inclusions, Rev. Mineral., 12 - Mineral. Soc. of Am., Washington, D. C. Streck M. J., A. L. Grunder 1997: Compositional gradients and gaps in high-silica rhyolites of the Rattlesnake Tuff, Oregon. - J. Petrol ., 38, pp. 133-163.
'Fluid Inclusions, Rev. Mineral., 12 - Mineral. Soc. of Am., Washington, D. C.StreckM. J., A. L. Grunder 1997: Compositional gradients and gaps in high-silica rhyolites of the Rattlesnake Tuff, Oregon. - ' () 38 J. Petrol. : 133 -163 .
Donaldson, C., H., C. M. B. Henderson 1988: A new interpretation of round embayments in quartz crystals. - Mineralogical Magazine, 52, pp. 27-33.
'A new interpretation of round embayments in quartz crystals ' () 52 Mineralogical Magazine : 27 -33 .
Donoghue, S., L., J. A. Gamble, A. S. Palmer, R. B. Stewart 1995: Magma mingling in an andesite pyroclastic flow of the Pourahu Member, Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand - J. of Volcanology and Geothermal Res., 68, pp. 177-191.
'Magma mingling in an andesite pyroclastic flow of the Pourahu Member, Ruapehu volcano, New Zealand - J ' () 68 of Volcanology and Geothermal Res. : 177 -191 .
Hildreth, W., 1983: The compositionally zoned eruption of 1912 in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park, Alaska. - Bull. Vulkanol., 49, pp. 680-693.
'The compositionally zoned eruption of 1912 in the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Katmai National Park, Alaska ' () 49 Bull. Vulkanol. : 680 -693 .
Hildyard, S., C., J. W. Cole, S. D. Weaver 2000: Tikorangi Ignimbrite: a 0.89 Ma mixed andesite-rhyolite ignimbrite, Matahana Basin, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand. - New Zealand J. of Geol. and Geophys., 43, pp. 95-107.
'Tikorangi Ignimbrite: a 0.89 Ma mixed andesite-rhyolite ignimbrite, Matahana Basin, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand ' () 43 New Zealand J. of Geol. and Geophys. : 95 -107 .
Kamenetsky, V., S., N. Morrow, J. McPhie 2000: Origin of high-Si dacite from rhyolitic melt: evidence from melt inclusions in mingled lavas of the 1.6 Ga Gawler Range Volcanics, South Australia. - Mineralogy and Petrology, 69, pp. 183-195.
'Origin of high-Si dacite from rhyolitic melt: evidence from melt inclusions in mingled lavas of the 1.6 Ga Gawler Range Volcanics, South Australia ' () 69 Mineralogy and Petrology : 183 -195 .
Wallace, P., J., A. T. Anderson Jr., A. M. Davis 1999: Gradients in H 2 O, CO 2, and exsolved gas in a large-volume silicic magma system: Interpreting the record preserved in melt inclusions from the Bishop Tuff. - J. of Geophys. Res., 104, pp. 20097-20122.
'Gradients in H2O, CO2, and exsolved gas in a large-volume silicic magma system: Interpreting the record preserved in melt inclusions from the Bishop Tuff ' () 104 J. of Geophys. Res. : 20097 -20122 .
Czuppon, Gy., Sz. Harangi, T. Ntaflos, R. Lukács, Cs. Szabó, F. Koller 2001: Mixed andesite-rhyolite ignimbrite from the Miocene Bükkalja Ignimbrite Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary: evidence for magma mixing. - Mitt. der Österreichischen Min. Gesellschaft, 146, pp. 61-63.
'Mixed andesite-rhyolite ignimbrite from the Miocene Bükkalja Ignimbrite Volcanic Field, Northern Hungary: evidence for magma mixing ' () 146 Mitt. der Österreichischen Min. Gesellschaft : 61 -63 .