The essay deals with the new approach of criminal procedural law concerning witnesses. The witness protection problem has been in the center of academic discussion for the last two decades. The question has crucial importance within the European Union in light of the principle of mutual recognition. Acceptance of minimum standards in this field could facilitate the emergence of this corner stone of the judicial co-operation. The article provides an overview on the efforts made in international and european level. Analyses the notion of witness and some principles of criminal procedure in connection with the witness protection. Finally it gives an insight into the hungarian regulation.