Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
Volume/Issue:
Volume 57: Issue 1
Inhibitory effects of Fortunella japonica var. margarita and Citrus sunki essential oils on nitric oxide production and skin pathogens
Authors: Eun-Jin Yang 1 , Sang Kim 2 , Ji-Young Moon 1 , Tae-Heon Oh 2 , Jong Baik, Nam Lee 2 , and Chang-Gu Hyun 1
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  • 1 Jeju High-Tech Development Institute (HiDI) Jeju Biodiversity Research Institute (JBRI) Jeju 699-943 Korea
  • 2 Cheju National University Department of Chemistry Jeju 690-756 Korea
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/amicr.57.2010.1.2
Page Count:
15–27
Publication Date:
01 Mar 2010
Online Publication Date:
29 Mar 2010
Article Category:
Research Article
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A number of essential oils from citrus peels are claimed to have biological activities. Citrus peel, called ‘Jin-Pi’, is used in traditional medicine for digestion, severe cold, and fever. However, the antibacterial activities against skin pathogens and anti-inflammatory effects of the essential oils of Citrus sunki (JinGyul) and Fortunella japonica var. margarita (GumGyul) have not yet been described. Therefore, in this study, the essential oils of the citrus species C. sunki (CSE) and F. japonica var. margarita (FJE), both native to the island of Jeju, Korea, were examined for their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities against skin pathogens. Four human skin pathogenic microorganisms, Staphylococcus epidermidis CCARM 3709, Propionibacterium acnes CCARM 0081, Malassezia furfur KCCM 12679, and Candida albicans KCCM 11282, were studied. CSE and FJE exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against most of the pathogenic bacteria and yeast strains that were tested. Interestingly, CSE and FJE even showed antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant S. epidermidis CCARM 3710, S. epidermidis CCARM 3711, P. acnes CCARM9009, and P. acnes CCARM9010 strains. In addition, CSE and FJE reduced the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced secretion of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells, indicating that they have anti-inflammatory effects. We also analysed the chemical composition of the oils by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and identified several major components, including dl-limonene (68.18%) and β-myrcene (4.36%) for CSE, and dl-limonene (61.58%) and carvone (6.36%) for FJE. Taken together, these findings indicate that CSE and FJE have great potential to be used in human skin health applications.

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Cover Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica
Acta Microbiologica et Immunologica Hungarica A Quarterly of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
Print ISSN:
1217-8950
Online ISSN:
1588-2640
Keywords:
chemical composition; Citrus sunki ; essential oil; Fortunella japonica var. margarita; inflammation; skin pathogen

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