Five new species of the genus Caloplaca: C. austrocoreana S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur (from rocks of coastal zone of South Korea), C. kudratovii S. Y. Kondr., B. Zarei-Darki et J.-S. Hur (from lichen thalli and silicate rocks of Iran), C. tarani S. Y. Kondr., S. I. Tchabanenko, I. Galanina et L. Yakovczenko (from bark of deciduous trees of Sakhalin, Khabarovsky and Primorsky regions of Russia), C. yeosuensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur (from rocks of coastal zone of South Korea), and C. zoroasteriorum S. Y. Kondr. et M. Haji Moniri (from bark of deciduous trees of Iran and Uzbekistan) are described, compared with related taxa, and illustrated.