Contributions to molecular phylogeny of lichens 3. •
New monophyletic branches of the Trapeliaceae and Xylariaceae
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N. Azizi
n.azizi@areeo.ac.ir
N. Azizi
Department of Forest and Rangelands Research, Khorasan Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Mashhad , Iran
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V. Mozaffarian
V. Mozaffarian
Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran , Iran
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S. M. Talebi
S. M. Talebi
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak , Iran
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Z. Jamzad
Z. Jamzad
Research Institute of Forests & Rangelands. Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran , Iran
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In this study, palynological characteristics of 23 specimens of Helichrysum Mill., representing 12 Iranian species were investigated. We evaluated pollen grains (25 per specimens) and tested them by 15 qualitative and quantitative characteristics using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Pollen grain descriptions of most species were presented for the first time in the world. The pollen grains were tricolporate, radially symmetrical and isopolar in all examined samples. They were small, and rarely medium in size. The polar outline view (amb) was the same among the species. The overall views of pollen grains were prolate-spheroidal, oblate-spheroidal, subprolate, prolate and spheroidal. However, the more abundant type was prolate-spheroidal. The exine sculpture was echinate, and tectum is perforate. The ANOVA test revealed a significant variation (P < 0.001) for all the quantitative characteristics. In PCA analysis, the colpus length, width, and length/width ratio traits, polar and equatorial axes length, were the most variable features and some species were characterised by these characters. Results indicated that a few qualitative characteristics such as polar outline view and exine sculpture lack taxonomic importance via their stability among species. Also, the palynological traits had enough potential to separate the taxonomic boundaries of H. rubicundum and H. globiferum, but approximately the species clustering pattern did not agree with Flora Iranica.
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Botta-Dukát, Zoltán
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