Acta Physiologica Hungarica
Volume/Issue:
Volume 101: Issue 3
The effect of omega-3 on cognition in hypothyroid adult male rats
Authors:
Eman Abd Allah Assiut University Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Assiut Egypt

Search for other papers by Eman Abd Allah in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
Asmaa Gomaa Assiut University Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine Assiut Egypt

Search for other papers by Asmaa Gomaa in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
Manal Sayed Assiut University Histology Department, Faculty of Medicine Assiut Egypt

Search for other papers by Manal Sayed in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
Pages:
362–376
Online Publication Date:
02 Sep 2014
Publication Date:
01 Sep 2014
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/aphysiol.101.2014.3.11
Keywords:
hypothyroidism; cognition; omega-3; Cav1.2; GABA and serotonin
Restricted access

Thyroid hormones and omega-3 are essential for normal brain functions. Recent studies have suggested that omega-3 may protect against the risk of dementia. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hypothyroidism on spatial learning and memory in adult male rats, the underlying mechanisms and the possible therapeutic value of omega-3 supplementation. Thirty male rats were divided into three groups; control, hypothyroid and omega-3 treated. Hypothyroidism induced significant deficits in working and reference memories in radial arm maze, retention deficits in passive avoidance test and impaired intermediate and long-term memories in novel object recognition test. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and hippocampal serotonin and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were decreased in the hypothyroid group as compared to the control group. Moreover, the hippocampus of hypothyroid rats showed marked structural changes as diffuse vacuolar degeneration and distortion of the pyramidal cells. Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of Cav1.2 (the voltage dependent LTCC alpha 1c subunit) protein was increased in the hypothyroid group as compared to the control group. Omega-3 supplementation ameliorated memory deficits, increased TAC, decreased the structural changes and decreased the expression of Cav1.2 protein. In conclusion omega-3 could be useful as a neuroprotective agent against hypothyroidism-induced cognitive impairment.

  • Ahmed OM, Abd El-Tawab SM, Ahmed RG: Effects of experimentally induced maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on the development of rat offspring: I. The development of the thyroid hormones-neurotransmitters and adenosinergic system interactions. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 28, 437–454 (2010)

    Ahmed R.G. , 'Effects of experimentally induced maternal hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism on the development of rat offspring: I. The development of the thyroid hormones-neurotransmitters and adenosinergic system interactions ' (2010 ) 28 Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. : 437 -454 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Akkerman S, Blokland A, Reneerkens O, van Goethem NP, Bollen E, Gijselaers HJ, Lieben CK, Steinbusch HW, Prickaerts J: Object recognition testing: methodological considerations on exploration and discrimination measures. Behav. Brain Res. 232, 335–347 (2012)

    Prickaerts J. , 'Object recognition testing: methodological considerations on exploration and discrimination measures ' (2012 ) 232 Behav. Brain Res. : 335 -347 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Antunes M, Biala G: The novel object recognition memory: neurobiology, test procedure, and its modifications. Cogn. Process 13, 93–110 (2012)

    Biala G. , 'The novel object recognition memory: neurobiology, test procedure, and its modifications ' (2012 ) 13 Cogn. Process : 93 -110 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Aubele T, Kaufman R, Montalmant F, Kritzer MF: Effects of gonadectomy and hormone replacement on a spontaneous novel object recognition task in adult male rats. Horm. Behav. 54, 244–252 (2008)

    Kritzer M.F. , 'Effects of gonadectomy and hormone replacement on a spontaneous novel object recognition task in adult male rats ' (2008 ) 54 Horm. Behav. : 244 -252 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bauer M, Heinz A, Whybrow PC: Thyroid hormones, serotonin and mood: of synergy and significance in the adult brain. Mol. Psychiatry 7, 140–156 (2002)

    Whybrow P.C. , 'Thyroid hormones, serotonin and mood: of synergy and significance in the adult brain ' (2002 ) 7 Mol. Psychiatry : 140 -156 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Buhot MC, Wolff M, Benhassine N, Costet P, Hen R, Segu L: Spatial learning in the 5-HT1B receptor knockout mouse: selective facilitation/impairment depending on the cognitive demand. Learn. Mem. 10, 466–477 (2003)

    Segu L. , 'Spatial learning in the 5-HT1B receptor knockout mouse: selective facilitation/impairment depending on the cognitive demand ' (2003 ) 10 Learn. Mem. : 466 -477 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Calon F, Cole G: Neuroprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against neurodegenerative diseases: evidence from animal studies. Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids 77, 287–293 (2007)

    Cole G. , 'Neuroprotective action of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids against neurodegenerative diseases: evidence from animal studies ' (2007 ) 77 Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids : 287 -293 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Cano-Europa E, Perez-Severiano F, Vergara P, Ortiz-Butron R, Rios C, Segovia J, Pacheco-Rosado J: Hypothyroidism induces selective oxidative stress in amygdala and hippocampus of rat. Metab. Brain Dis. 23, 275–287 (2008)

    Pacheco-Rosado J. , 'Hypothyroidism induces selective oxidative stress in amygdala and hippocampus of rat ' (2008 ) 23 Metab. Brain Dis. : 275 -287 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Catterall WA: Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 16, 521–555 (2000)

    Catterall W.A. , 'Structure and regulation of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels ' (2000 ) 16 Ann. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. : 521 -555 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Cerson FL (1990): Histotechnology. In: General Immunohistochemical Staining Methods, American Society of Clinical Pathologist, Chicago, USA, pp. 233–234

    Cerson F.L. , '', in General Immunohistochemical Staining Methods , (1990 ) -.

  • Chapa F, Kunnecke B, Calvo R, Escobar del RF, Morreale de EG, Cerdan S: Adult-onset hypothyroidism and the cerebral metabolism of (1,2-13C2) acetate as detected by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance. Endocrinology 136, 296–305 (1995)

    Cerdan S. , 'Adult-onset hypothyroidism and the cerebral metabolism of (1,2-13C2) acetate as detected by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance ' (1995 ) 136 Endocrinology : 296 -305 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Chattopadhyay S, Sahoo DK, Subudhi U, Chainy GB: Differential expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione redox status in hyperthyroid rats: a temporal analysis. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 146, 383–391 (2007)

    Chainy G.B. , 'Differential expression profiles of antioxidant enzymes and glutathione redox status in hyperthyroid rats: a temporal analysis ' (2007 ) 146 Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C. Toxicol. Pharmacol. : 383 -391 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Davis M, Rainnie D, Cassell M: Neurotransmission in the rat amygdala related to fear and anxiety. Trends Neurosci. 17, 208–214 (1994)

    Cassell M. , 'Neurotransmission in the rat amygdala related to fear and anxiety ' (1994 ) 17 Trends Neurosci. : 208 -214 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Denis I, Potier B, Vancassel S, Heberden C, Lavialle M: Omega-3 fatty acids and brain resistance to ageing and stress: Body of evidence and possible mechanisms. Ageing Res. Rev. 12, 579–594 (2013)

    Lavialle M. , 'Omega-3 fatty acids and brain resistance to ageing and stress: Body of evidence and possible mechanisms ' (2013 ) 12 Ageing Res. Rev. : 579 -594 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Dong J, Liu W, Wang Y, Xi Q, Chen J: Hypothyroidism following developmental iodine deficiency reduces hippocampal neurogranin, CaMK II and calmodulin and elevates calcineurin in lactational rats. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 28, 589–596 (2010)

    Chen J. , 'Hypothyroidism following developmental iodine deficiency reduces hippocampal neurogranin, CaMK II and calmodulin and elevates calcineurin in lactational rats ' (2010 ) 28 Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. : 589 -596 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • El-Ansary AK, Al-Daihan SK, El-Gezeery AR: On the protective effect of omega-3 against propionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat pups. Lipids Health Dis. 10, 142 (2011)

    El-Gezeery A.R. , 'On the protective effect of omega-3 against propionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in rat pups ' (2011 ) 10 Lipids Health Dis. : 142 -.

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Fedorova I, Hussein N, Baumann MH, Di MC, Salem N, Jr.: An n-3 fatty acid deficiency impairs rat spatial learning in the Barnes maze. Behav. Neurosci. 123, 196–205 (2009)

    Salem N. , 'An n-3 fatty acid deficiency impairs rat spatial learning in the Barnes maze ' (2009 ) 123 Behav. Neurosci. : 196 -205 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ferraz AC, Delattre AM, Almendra RG, Sonagli M, Borges C, Araujo P, Andersen ML, Tufik S, Lima MM: Chronic omega-3 fatty acids supplementation promotes beneficial effects on anxiety, cognitive and depressive-like behaviors in rats subjected to a restraint stress protocol. Behav. Brain Res. 219, 116–122 (2011)

    Lima M.M. , 'Chronic omega-3 fatty acids supplementation promotes beneficial effects on anxiety, cognitive and depressive-like behaviors in rats subjected to a restraint stress protocol ' (2011 ) 219 Behav. Brain Res. : 116 -122 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gacar N, Mutlu O, Utkan T, Komsuoglu CI, Gocmez SS, Ulak G: Beneficial effects of resveratrol on scopolamine but not mecamylamine induced memory impairment in the passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests in rats. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 99, 316–323 (2011)

    Ulak G. , 'Beneficial effects of resveratrol on scopolamine but not mecamylamine induced memory impairment in the passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests in rats ' (2011 ) 99 Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. : 316 -323 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gerges NZ, Alkadhi KA: Hypothyroidism impairs late LTP in CA1 region but not in dentate gyrus of the intact rat hippocampus: MAPK involvement. Hippocampus 14, 40–45 (2004)

    Alkadhi K.A. , 'Hypothyroidism impairs late LTP in CA1 region but not in dentate gyrus of the intact rat hippocampus: MAPK involvement ' (2004 ) 14 Hippocampus : 40 -45 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gerges NZ, Alzoubi KH, Park CR, Diamond DM, Alkadhi KA: Adverse effect of the combination of hypothyroidism and chronic psychosocial stress on hippocampus-dependent memory in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 155, 77–84 (2004)

    Alkadhi K.A. , 'Adverse effect of the combination of hypothyroidism and chronic psychosocial stress on hippocampus-dependent memory in rats ' (2004 ) 155 Behav. Brain Res. : 77 -84 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gerges NZ, Stringer JL, Alkadhi KA: Combination of hypothyroidism and stress abolishes early LTP in the CA1 but not dentate gyrus of hippocampus of adult rats. Brain Res. 922, 250–260 (2001)

    Alkadhi K.A. , 'Combination of hypothyroidism and stress abolishes early LTP in the CA1 but not dentate gyrus of hippocampus of adult rats ' (2001 ) 922 Brain Res. : 250 -260 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gilbert ME, Sui L, Walker MJ, Anderson W, Thomas S, Smoller SN, Schon JP, Phani S, Goodman JH: Thyroid hormone insufficiency during brain development reduces parvalbumin immunoreactivity and inhibitory function in the hippocampus. Endocrinology 148, 92–102 (2007)

    Goodman J.H. , 'Thyroid hormone insufficiency during brain development reduces parvalbumin immunoreactivity and inhibitory function in the hippocampus ' (2007 ) 148 Endocrinology : 92 -102 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kelly KM, Kume A, Albin RL, Macdonald RL: Autoradiography of L-type and N-type calcium channels in aged rat hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and neocortex. Neurobiol. Aging 22, 17–23 (2001)

    Macdonald R.L. , 'Autoradiography of L-type and N-type calcium channels in aged rat hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and neocortex ' (2001 ) 22 Neurobiol. Aging : 17 -23 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kesner RP: Behavioral functions of the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus. Learn. Mem. 14, 771–781 (2007)

    Kesner R.P. , 'Behavioral functions of the CA3 subregion of the hippocampus ' (2007 ) 14 Learn. Mem. : 771 -781 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Koracevic D, Koracevic G, Djordjevic V, Andrejevic S, Cosic V: Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids. J. Clin. Pathol. 54, 356–361 (2001)

    Cosic V. , 'Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids ' (2001 ) 54 J. Clin. Pathol. : 356 -361 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Lee PR, Brady D, Koenig JI: Thyroid hormone regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit mRNA expression in adult brain. J. Neuroendocrinol. 15, 87–92 (2003)

    Koenig J.I. , 'Thyroid hormone regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor subunit mRNA expression in adult brain ' (2003 ) 15 J. Neuroendocrinol. : 87 -92 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Li J, Stevens L, Klugbauer N, Wray D: Roles of molecular regions in determining differences between voltage dependence of activation of CaV3.1 and CaV1.2 calcium channels. J. Biol. Chem. 279, 26858–26867 (2004)

    Wray D. , 'Roles of molecular regions in determining differences between voltage dependence of activation of CaV3.1 and CaV1.2 calcium channels ' (2004 ) 279 J. Biol. Chem. : 26858 -26867 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Lisman JE: Relating hippocampal circuitry to function: recall of memory sequences by reciprocal dentate-CA3 interactions. Neuron 22, 233–242 (1999)

    Lisman J.E. , 'Relating hippocampal circuitry to function: recall of memory sequences by reciprocal dentate-CA3 interactions ' (1999 ) 22 Neuron : 233 -242 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Luchtman DW, Song C: Cognitive enhancement by omega-3 fatty acids from childhood to old age: findings from animal and clinical studies. Neuropharmacology 64, 550–565 (2013)

    Song C. , 'Cognitive enhancement by omega-3 fatty acids from childhood to old age: findings from animal and clinical studies ' (2013 ) 64 Neuropharmacology : 550 -565 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Maaroufi K, Had-Aissouni L, Melon C, Sakly M, Abdelmelek H, Poucet B, Save E: Effects of prolonged iron overload and low frequency electromagnetic exposure on spatial learning and memory in the young rat. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 92, 345–355 (2009)

    Save E. , 'Effects of prolonged iron overload and low frequency electromagnetic exposure on spatial learning and memory in the young rat ' (2009 ) 92 Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. : 345 -355 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Madeira MD, Sousa N, Lima-Andrade MT, Calheiros F, Cadete-Leite A, Paula-Barbosa MM: Selective vulnerability of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons to hypothyroidism in male and female rats. J. Comp. Neurol. 322, 501–518 (1992)

    Paula-Barbosa M.M. , 'Selective vulnerability of the hippocampal pyramidal neurons to hypothyroidism in male and female rats ' (1992 ) 322 J. Comp. Neurol. : 501 -518 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Madhana Gopal K, Mohan J, Meganathan M, Sasikala P, Gowdhaman N, Balamurugan K, Nirmala P, Sylvia Santhakumari A: Effect of dietary fish oil (Omega-3 Fatty Acid) against oxidative stress in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury in albino Wistar Rats. Global J. Pharmacol. 5, 04–06 (2011)

    Sylvia Santhakumari A. , 'Effect of dietary fish oil (Omega-3 Fatty Acid) against oxidative stress in isoproterenol induced myocardial injury in albino Wistar Rats ' (2011 ) 5 Global J. Pharmacol. : 04 -06 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Mahmoud Y, Galal O, Awad E, Taha A, Mahmoud F: Impact of IGF-1, GH and oxidative stress in experimental model of juvenile and adult hypothyroid retinal degeneration. Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiologyical Sciences 31, 43–62 (2011)

    Mahmoud F. , 'Impact of IGF-1, GH and oxidative stress in experimental model of juvenile and adult hypothyroid retinal degeneration ' (2011 ) 31 Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiologyical Sciences : 43 -62 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Makino M, Oda N, Miura N, Imamura S, Yamamoto K, Kato T, Fujiwara K, Sawai Y, Iwase K, Nagasaka A, Itoh M: Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function. J. Endocrinol. 171, 259–265 (2001)

    Itoh M. , 'Effect of eicosapentaenoic acid ethyl ester on hypothyroid function ' (2001 ) 171 J. Endocrinol. : 259 -265 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Mazza M, Pomponi M, Janiri L, Bria P, Mazza S: Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in neurological and psychiatric diseases: an overview. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 31, 12–26 (2007)

    Mazza S. , 'Omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants in neurological and psychiatric diseases: an overview ' (2007 ) 31 Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry : 12 -26 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Moriguchi T, Salem N: Recovery of brain docosahexaenoate leads to recovery of spatial task performance. J. Neurochem. 87, 297–309 (2003)

    Salem N. , 'Recovery of brain docosahexaenoate leads to recovery of spatial task performance ' (2003 ) 87 J. Neurochem. : 297 -309 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Nassiri-Asl M, Zamansoltani F, Javadi A, Ganjvar M: The effects of rutin on a passive avoidance test in rats. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 34, 204–207 (2010)

    Ganjvar M. , 'The effects of rutin on a passive avoidance test in rats ' (2010 ) 34 Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry : 204 -207 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Ozturk U, Vural P, Ozderya A, Karadag B, Dogru-Abbasoglu S, Uysal M: Oxidative stress parameters in serum and low density lipoproteins of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism. Int. Immunopharmacol. 14, 349–352 (2012)

    Uysal M. , 'Oxidative stress parameters in serum and low density lipoproteins of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients with subclinical and overt hypothyroidism ' (2012 ) 14 Int. Immunopharmacol. : 349 -352 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Perez-Reyes E, Castellano A, Kim HS, Bertrand P, Baggstrom E, Lacerda AE, Wei XY, Birnbaumer L: Cloning and expression of a cardiac/brain beta subunit of the L-type calcium channel. J. Biol. Chem. 267, 1792–1797 (1992)

    Birnbaumer L. , 'Cloning and expression of a cardiac/brain beta subunit of the L-type calcium channel ' (1992 ) 267 J. Biol. Chem. : 1792 -1797 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Rogel-Salazar G, Luna-Munguia H, Stevens KE, Besio WG: Transcranial focal electrical stimulation via tripolar concentric ring electrodes does not modify the short- and long-term memory formation in rats evaluated in the novel object recognition test. Epilepsy Behav. 27, 154–158 (2013)

    Besio W.G. , 'Transcranial focal electrical stimulation via tripolar concentric ring electrodes does not modify the short- and long-term memory formation in rats evaluated in the novel object recognition test ' (2013 ) 27 Epilepsy Behav. : 154 -158 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Sandrini M, Vitale G, Vergoni AV, Ottani A, Bertolini A: Effect of acute and chronic treatment with triiodothyronine on serotonin levels and serotonergic receptor subtypes in the rat brain. Life Sci. 58, 1551–1559 (1996)

    Bertolini A. , 'Effect of acute and chronic treatment with triiodothyronine on serotonin levels and serotonergic receptor subtypes in the rat brain ' (1996 ) 58 Life Sci. : 1551 -1559 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Sarwar G, Parveen S: Carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism causes the adrenal atrophy in 10 days’ prenatally treated albino rats. J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak. 15, 383–386 (2005)

    Parveen S. , 'Carbimazole-induced hypothyroidism causes the adrenal atrophy in 10 days’ prenatally treated albino rats ' (2005 ) 15 J. Coll. Physicians Surg. Pak. : 383 -386 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Sayyed HG: Effect of triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation on the cerebral neurotransmitters in offspring of hypothyroid rats. Ibnosina J. Med. BS 4(6), 231–241 (2012)

    Sayyed H.G. , 'Effect of triiodothyronine (T3) supplementation on the cerebral neurotransmitters in offspring of hypothyroid rats ' (2012 ) 4 Ibnosina J. Med. BS : 231 -241 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Sherwin RP, Shih JC, Lee JD, Ransom R: Serotonin content of the lungs, brains, and blood of mice exposed to 0.45 ppm nitrogen dioxide. J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. 5, 583–588 (1986)

    Ransom R. , 'Serotonin content of the lungs, brains, and blood of mice exposed to 0.45 ppm nitrogen dioxide ' (1986 ) 5 J. Am. Coll. Toxicol. : 583 -588 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Shin MS, Ko IG, Kim SE, Kim BK, Kim TS, Lee SH, Hwang DS, Kim CJ, Park JK, Lim BV: Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of methimazole-induced hypothyroidism through enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampus of rat pups. Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 31, 214–223 (2013)

    Lim B.V. , 'Treadmill exercise ameliorates symptoms of methimazole-induced hypothyroidism through enhancing neurogenesis and suppressing apoptosis in the hippocampus of rat pups ' (2013 ) 31 Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. : 214 -223 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Snutch TP, Leonard JP, Gilbert MM, Lester HA, Davidson N: Rat brain expresses a heterogeneous family of calcium channels. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 87, 3391–3395 (1990)

    Davidson N. , 'Rat brain expresses a heterogeneous family of calcium channels ' (1990 ) 87 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A : 3391 -3395 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Takeuchi T, Iwanaga M, Harada E: Possible regulatory mechanism of DHA-induced anti-stress reaction in rats. Brain Res. 964, 136–143 (2003)

    Harada E. , 'Possible regulatory mechanism of DHA-induced anti-stress reaction in rats ' (2003 ) 964 Brain Res. : 136 -143 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Tayyebi-Khosroshahi H, Houshyar J, Tabrizi A, Vatankhah AM, Razzagi ZN, Hghan-Hesari R: Effect of omega-3 fatty acid on oxidative stress in patients on hemodialysis. Iran J. Kidney Dis. 4, 322–326 (2010)

    Hghan-Hesari R. , 'Effect of omega-3 fatty acid on oxidative stress in patients on hemodialysis ' (2010 ) 4 Iran J. Kidney Dis. : 322 -326 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Thibault O, Hadley R, Landfield PW: Elevated postsynaptic [Ca2+]i and L-type calcium channel activity in aged hippocampal neurons: relationship to impaired synaptic plasticity. J. Neurosci. 21, 9744–9756 (2001)

    Landfield P.W. , 'Elevated postsynaptic [Ca2+]i and L-type calcium channel activity in aged hippocampal neurons: relationship to impaired synaptic plasticity ' (2001 ) 21 J. Neurosci. : 9744 -9756 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Tousson E, Ibrahim W, Arafa N, Akela MA: Monoamine concentrations changes in the PTU-induced hypothyroid rat brain and the ameliorating role of folic acid. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 31, 282–289 (2012)

    Akela M.A. , 'Monoamine concentrations changes in the PTU-induced hypothyroid rat brain and the ameliorating role of folic acid ' (2012 ) 31 Hum. Exp. Toxicol. : 282 -289 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Upadhyaya L, Agrawal JK, Dubey GP: Effect of L-thyroxine and carbimazole on blood levels of biogenic amines in rat. Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. 101, 307–310 (1993)

    Dubey G.P. , 'Effect of L-thyroxine and carbimazole on blood levels of biogenic amines in rat ' (1993 ) 101 Exp. Clin. Endocrinol. : 307 -310 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • va-Sanchez C, Becerril A, Anguiano B, Aceves C, Pacheco-Rosado J: Participation of NMDA-glutamatergic receptors in hippocampal neuronal damage caused by adult-onset hypothyroidism. Neurosci. Lett. 453, 178–181 (2009)

    Pacheco-Rosado J. , 'Participation of NMDA-glutamatergic receptors in hippocampal neuronal damage caused by adult-onset hypothyroidism ' (2009 ) 453 Neurosci. Lett. : 178 -181 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Vancassel S, Leman S, Hanonick L, Denis S, Roger J, Nollet M, Bodard S, Kousignian I, Belzung C, Chalon S: n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation reverses stress-induced modifications on brain monoamine levels in mice. J. Lipid Res. 49, 340–348 (2008)

    Chalon S. , 'n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation reverses stress-induced modifications on brain monoamine levels in mice ' (2008 ) 49 J. Lipid Res. : 340 -348 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Veng LM, Mesches MH, Browning MD: Age-related working memory impairment is correlated with increases in the L-type calcium channel protein alpha1D (Cav1.3) in area CA1 of the hippocampus and both are ameliorated by chronic nimodipine treatment. Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. 110, 193–202 (2003)

    Browning M.D. , 'Age-related working memory impairment is correlated with increases in the L-type calcium channel protein alpha1D (Cav1.3) in area CA1 of the hippocampus and both are ameliorated by chronic nimodipine treatment ' (2003 ) 110 Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res. : 193 -202 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Vreugdenhil M, Bruehl C, Voskuyl RA, Kang JX, Leaf A, Wadman WJ: Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A 93, 12559–12563 (1996)

    Wadman W.J. , 'Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate sodium and calcium currents in CA1 neurons ' (1996 ) 93 Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A : 12559 -12563 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Wang L, Maher TJ, Wurtman RJ: Oral L-glutamine increases GABA levels in striatal tissue and extracellular fluid. FASEB J. 21, 1227–1232 (2007)

    Wurtman R.J. , 'Oral L-glutamine increases GABA levels in striatal tissue and extracellular fluid ' (2007 ) 21 FASEB J. : 1227 -1232 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Wiens SC, Trudeau VL: Thyroid hormone and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interactions in neuroendocrine systems. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol 144, 332–344 (2006)

    Trudeau V.L. , 'Thyroid hormone and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interactions in neuroendocrine systems ' (2006 ) 144 Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol : 332 -344 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Zararsiz I, Kus I, Akpolat N, Songur A, Ogeturk M, Sarsilmaz M: Protective effects of omega-3 essential fatty acids against formaldehyde-induced neuronal damage in prefrontal cortex of rats. Cell. Biochem. Funct. 24, 237–244 (2006)

    Sarsilmaz M. , 'Protective effects of omega-3 essential fatty acids against formaldehyde-induced neuronal damage in prefrontal cortex of rats ' (2006 ) 24 Cell. Biochem. Funct. : 237 -244 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Collapse
  • Expand
Cover Acta Physiologica Hungarica
Acta Physiologica Hungarica
Print ISSN:
0231-424X
Online ISSN:
1588-2683

Senior editors

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rosivall, László

Honorary Editor(s)-in-Chief): Monos, Emil

Managing Editor(s): Bartha, Jenő; Berhidi, Anna

Co-editor(s): Koller, Ákos; Lénárd, László; Szénási, Gábor

Assistant Editor(s): G. Dörnyei (Budapest), Zs. Miklós (Budapest), Gy. Nádasy (Budapest)

Hungarian Editorial Board

    1. Benedek, György (Szeged)
    1. Benyó, Zoltán (Budapest)
    1. Boros, Mihály (Szeged)
    1. Chernoch, László (Debrecen)
    1. Détári, László (Budapest)
    1. Hamar, János (Budapest)
    1. Hantos, Zoltán (Szeged)
    1. Hunyady, László (Budapest)
    1. Imre, Sándor (Debrecen)
    1. Jancsó, Gábor (Szeged)
    1. Karádi, Zoltán (Pécs)
    1. Kovács, László (Debrecen)
    1. Palkovits, Miklós (Budapest)
    1. Papp, Gyula (Szeged)
    1. Pavlik, Gábor (Budapest)
    1. Spät, András (Budapest)
    1. Szabó, Gyula (Szeged)
    1. Szelényi, Zoltán (Pécs)
    1. Szolcsányi, János (Pécs)
    1. Szollár, Lajos (Budapest)
    1. Szücs, Géza (Debrecen)
    1. Telegdy, Gyula (Szeged)
    1. Toldi, József (Szeged)
    1. Tósaki, Árpád (Debrecen)

International Editorial Board

    1. R. Bauer (Jena)
    1. W. Benjelloun (Rabat)
    1. A. W. Cowley Jr. (Milwaukee)
    1. D. Djuric (Belgrade)
    1. C. Fry (London)
    1. S. Greenwald (London)
    1. O. Hänninen (Kuopio)
    1. H. G. Hinghofer-Szalkay (Graz)
    1. Th. Kenner (Graz)
    1. Gy. Kunos (Richmond)
    1. M. Mahmoudian (Tehran)
    1. T. Mano (Seki, Gifu)
    1. G. Navar (New Orleans)
    1. H. Nishino (Nagoya)
    1. O. Petersen (Liverpool)
    1. U. Pohl (Münich)
    1. R. S. Reneman (Maastricht)
    1. A. Romanovsky (Phoenix)
    1. G. M. Rubanyi (Richmond)
    1. T. Sakata (Oita)
    1. A. Siddiqui (Karachi)
    1. Cs. Szabo (Beverly)
    1. E. Vicaut (Paris)
    1. N. Westerhof (Amsterdam)
    1. L. F. Zhang (Xi'an)

Editorial Office:
Akadémiai Kiadó Zrt.
Prielle Kornélia u. 21–35, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary

Editorial Correspondence:
Acta Physiologica Hungarica
Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine Institute of Pathophysiology
Nagyvárad tér 4, H-1089 Budapest, Hungary
Phone/Fax: +36-1-2100-100
E-mail: aph@semmelweis-univ.hu

Indexing and Abstracting Services:

  • Biological Abstracts
  • BIOSIS Previews
  • CAB Abstracts
  • Chemical Abstracts
  • EMBASE/Excerpta Medica
  • Global Health
  • Index Copernicus
  • Index Medicus
  • Medline
  • Referativnyi Zhurnal
  • Science Citation Index Expanded
  • SCOPUS

 

Acta Physiologica Hungarica
Language English
Size  
Year of
Foundation		 1950
Publication
Programme		 changed title
Volumes
per Year		  
Issues
per Year		  
Founder Magyar Tudományos Akadémia
Founder's
Address		 H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 0231-424X (Print)
ISSN 1588-2683 (Online)

Monthly Content Usage

Abstract Views Full Text Views PDF Downloads
Nov 2024 53 0 0
Dec 2024 48 0 0
Jan 2025 87 0 0
Feb 2025 83 0 0
Mar 2025 86 0 0
Apr 2025 38 0 0
May 2025 15 0 0