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G. T. Bara University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa

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M. D. Laing University of KwaZulu-Natal, School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa

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In South Africa, the avocado (Persea americana) is an important fruit, grown primarily for export and contributing ZAR 1.75 billion to the gross domestic product of the country. As an export driven industry, optimising exportable avocado fruit volume is a primary concern. Wind induced abrasion and damage by thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), through their feeding on avocado fruit results in corky tissue development (scarring) and making the fruit unsuitable for export. The study aimed to determine the economic losses caused by these agents as well as assess different cultivar responses to scarring damage. Across cultivars, the 1.49% revenue annually due to Scirtothrips aurantii downgrading (3.86% loss factor), translating to ZAR 34.90 million (US$2.39 million). Packhouse study results showed that both thrips and wind abrasion damage accounted for 30% scarring damage, a loss factor of 13.72% and a combined revenue loss of 5.57%. The cultivar ‘Pinkerton’ showed the greatest susceptibility to scarring damage by both wind and S. aurantii whilst the cultivar ‘Carmen®-Hass’ showed a natural predisposition to higher levels of thrips damage. The presence of macadamia trees near avocado trees predisposes avocado fruit to S. aurantii damage.

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Jenő KONTSCHÁN Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary

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Z BOZSÓ Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary
PE CHETVERIKOV Saint-Petersburg State University, Russia
JX CUI Henan Institute of Science and Technology, China
J FODOR Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary
Z IMREI Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary
BM KAYDAN Çukurova University, Turkey
L KISS University of Southern Queensland, Australia
V MARKÓ Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Hungary
MW NEGM Ibaraki University, Japan
L PALKOVICS Széchenyi István University, Hungary
M POGÁNY Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungary
D RÉDEI National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan
A TOLSTIKOV University of Tyumen, Russia
J VUTS Rothamsted Research, UK
GQ WANG Guangxi University, China

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Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica
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