The paper discusses the post-1990 historical developments in Central Europe as a specific instantiation of postcolonialism, particularly in the linguistic domain. After the severe communist rule and Soviet military occupation in most countries (which enjoyed a non-typical colonial status), this region was freed, but many socio-cultural features of culture, language policy, language use, and everyday communication activities show that many forms practiced during the colonial period are still maintained. These remnants show a certain postcolonial way of life in the region. The paper first surveys the literature, discussing the validity of the notion of postcolonialism for the given period in Central Europe. In the second part, general postcolonial features pertaining to the Hungarian language community are introduced. These features are detailed first focusing on the developments in Hungary, then on the minority Hungarian communities across the border around Hungary. Factors are presented including communicative systems, language policy, language variants, reflection, and self-reflection on the language community and identification, language rights, and public education, with attention paid to adherence to colonial schemas and the quick transition to postmodern communication forms.
Benő, A. and Péntek, J. (szerk.) (2011). A Termini Magyar Nyelvi Kutatóhálózat tíz éve. Tanulmányok, beszámolók, kutatási programok. Gramma Nyelvi Iroda – Szabó T. Attila Nyelvi Intézet, Dunaszerdahely, Kolozsvár.
Bhabha, H. K. (Ed.) (1990). Nation and narration. Routledge, London.
Cobo, J.R.M. (1982). Martinez study of the problem of discrimination against indigenous people. Final Report (Supplementary Part). https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unpfii/documents/MCS_v_en.pdf.
Conrad, S. (2012). Kolonialismus und Postkolonialismus: Schlüsselbegriffe der aktuellen Debatte. https://www.bpb.de/apuz/146971/kolonialismus-und-postkolonialismus?p=all.
Kołodziejeczyk, D. and Sandru, C. (2012). Introduction: On Colonialism, Communism and Central Europe – some reflections. Journal of Postcolonial Writing, 48(2): 113–116.
Langacker, R.W. (2006). Subjectification, grammaticalization, and conceptual archetypes. In: Athanasiadou, A., Canakis, C., Cornillie, B. (Eds.), Subjectification. Various paths to subjectivity. Mouton de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, pp. 17–40.
Lanstyák, I. (2000). A magyar nyelv Szlovákiában. A magyar nyelv a Kárpát-medencében III. Szerk. Kontra Miklós. Osiris Kiadó, Kalligram Kiadó, MTA Kisebbségkutató Műhely, Budapest, Pozsony.
Leonhard, J. (2018) Der überforderte Frieden. Versailles und die Welt. 1918–1923 .C.H. Beck, München.
Luhmann, N. (1998) Die Gesellschaft der Gesellschaft .Suhrkamp, Frankfurt am Main.
Osterhammel, J. (1995). Kolonialismus. Geschichte, Formen, Folgen. C.H.Beck, München.
Pucherová, D. and Gáfrik, R. (2014). Introduction: Which Postcolonial Europe? In: Pucherová, D. and Gáfrik, R. (Eds.), Postcolonial Europe? Essays on post-communist literatures and cultures. Brill, Rodopi, Leiden, Boston, pp. 11–24.
Pucherová, D. and Gáfrik, R. (Eds.) (2014). Postcolonial Europe? Essays on Post-Communist Literatures and Cultures. Brill, Rodopi, Leiden, Boston.
Romsics I. (2001). Magyarország története a huszadik században. 3. kiadás. Osiris Kiadó, Budapest.
Said, E. W. (1975). Beginnings: intention and method. Basic Books, New York.
Schöpflin, G. (1983). Censorship and political communication in the Soviet Union. St. Martin Press, New York.
Spivak, G. C. (1990). The post-colonial critic. Routledge, London.
Spivak, G. C. (1999). A critique of postcolonial reason: towards a history of the vanishing present. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
Tolcsvai Nagy, G. (2005). A cognitive theory of style. P. Lang, Frankfurt am Main.
Vančo, I. (2017). A határon túli magyar tannyelvű és magyar tematikájú közoktatás. In: Tolcsvai Nagy, G. (Ed.), A magyar nyelv jelene és jövője. Gondolat Kiadó, Budapest, pp. 357–430.
Vančo, I. (2019). A szlovák nyelvi készségek kialakítása a szlovákiai magyar tanítási nyelvű iskolák alsó tagozatán. Magyar Nyelvőr 134(2): 138–150.