Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Volume/Issue:
Volume 76: Issue 4
The Old Turkic Title Buyruq Reconsidered
Author:
Hayrettin İhsan Erkoç Department of History, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey

Search for other papers by Hayrettin İhsan Erkoç in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
Pages:
543–569
Online Publication Date:
20 Nov 2023
Publication Date:
20 Dec 2023
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/062.2023.00278
Keywords:
Buyruq; titles; administrative organization; dignitaries; ministers; Türk Qaghanate; Eurasian Peoples; Old Turkic
Restricted access

First attested among the administrative titles used in the Türk Qaghanate, the Old Turkic title Buyruq was used by various Eurasian steppe peoples and polities from the 6th to the 13th centuries. In this paper, examples of the title Buyruq seen in historical sources are identified and examined, while different views put forth by modern scholars up to the present day are also brought together. Apparently, instead of indicating a fixed ministerial office or a commandership, this title, generally understood as meaning ‘having received an order’, indicates a position for dignitaries that was bestowed by rulers upon officials who were holding numerous administrative titles and were also tasked with certain duties by their rulers.

  • Ali Emîrî Arabî No. 4189, see Maḥmūd bin al-Ḥusayn bin Muḥammad al-Kāšγarī.

  • Arat, Reşit Rahmeti 1947. Yusuf Has Hâcib: Kutadgu Bilig I: Metin [Qutadghu Bilig I: Text]. İstanbul: Türk Dil KurumuYayınları.

  • Arat, Reşit Rahmeti (trans.) 1959. Yusuf Has Hâcib: Kutadgu Bilig II: Tercüme [Qutadghu Bilig II: Translation]. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ayazlı, Özlem 2012. Altun Yaruk Sudur VI. Kitap: Karşılaştırmalı Metin Yayını [Altun Yaruq Sudur Book VI: Comparative Textual Edition]. İstanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Aydın, Erhan 2017. Orhon Yazıtları (Köl Tegin, Bilge Kağan, Tonyukuk, Ongi, Küli Çor) [Orkhon Inscriptions (Köl Tegin, Bilgä Qaghan, Tonyuquq, Ongi, Küli Chor]. İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Aydın, Erhan 2018. Uygur Yazıtları [Uyghur Inscriptions]. İstanbul: Bilge Kültür Sanat.

  • Aydın, Erhan 2019. Sibirya’da Türk İzleri: Yenisey Yazıtları [Turkic Traces in Siberia: Yenisei Inscriptions]. İstanbul: Kronik Kitap.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ban Zhao 班昭 1964. Hanshu 漢書 [The Book of Han]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Berliner Turfantexte 13.02. VATEC (Vorislamische Alttürkische Texte: Elektronisches Corpus) (http://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Berliner_Texte_13.02.htm#88596).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Berta, Árpád 2004. Szavaimat jól halljátok…: A türk és ujgur rovásírásos emlékek kritikai kiadása [You hear my words well…: Critical edition of Turkic and Uighur runic records]. Szeged: SZTE BTK Altajisztikai Tanszék.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ch 00269. British Library, London (http://idp.bl.uk/database/oo_scroll_h.a4d?uid=–138130626;recnum=12690;index=1).

  • Chang Jên-t’ang 1968. T’ang Devrindeki Doğu Göktürkleri Hakkında Yeni Belgeler: Ts’ê-fu Yüan-kuei ve Tzǔ-chih T’ung-chien’e Göre (618-745) [New Documents about the Eastern Türks of the Tang Period: According to the Cefu Yuangui and Zizhi Tongjian (618–745)]. Ankara.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Chavannes, Édouard 1903. Documents sur les Tou-kiue (Turcs) occidentaux. Paris: Librairie d’Amérique et d’Orient Adrien Maisonneuve.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Chavannes, Édouard & Paul Pelliot (tr., comm.) 1912. Un traité manichéen retrouvé en Chine. Paris: Imprimerie nationale.

  • Doğan, Lûtfi 1954. ‘İbni Fadlan Seyahatnamesi (Rıhletu’bni Fadlan) [Itinerary of Ibn Fadhlan (Rikhlatu’bni Fadhlan)].’ Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 3/1–2: 59–80.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Dong Gao 董誥 1983. Quan Tangwen 全唐文 [Complete prose literature of the Tang dynasty]. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Du You 杜佑 1996. Tongdian 通典 [Comprehensive Institutions]. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Ercilasun, Ahmet Bican 2016. Türk Kağanlığı ve Türk Bengü Taşları [The Türk Qaghanate and Türk Eternal Stones (Inscriptions)]. İstanbul: Dergâh Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ergin, Muharrem 2002. Orhun Abideleri [Orkhon Monuments]. İstanbul: Boğaziçi Yayınları.

  • Eski Uygurca Altun Yaruk Sudur’dan “Aç Bars” Hikâyesi (Metin-Çeviri-Açıklamalar-Dizin) [Story of the ‘Hungry Leopard’ from the Old Uyghur Altun Yaruq Sudur (Text-Translation-Commentaries-Index)] 2015. Ed. Zemire Gulcalı. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Frye, Richard N. (trans.) 2005. Ibn Fadlan’s Journey to Russia: A Tenth-Century Traveler from Baghdad to the Volga River. Princeton: Markus Wiener Publishers.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hamilton, James Russell 1971. Manuscrits ouïgours de Touen-Houang. Le conte bouddhique du bon et du mauvais prince en version ouïgoure. Paris: Klincksieck.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Katayama Akio 1999. ‘Tariat Inscription.’ In: Moriyasu Takao & Ayudai Ochir (eds.) Provisional Report of Researches on Historical Sites and Inscriptions in Mongolia from 1996 to 1998. Ōsaka: The Society of Central Eurasian Studies, 168–176.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kaya, Ceval 1994. Uygurca Altun Yaruk: Giriş, Metin ve Dizin [Altun Yaruq in Uyghur: Introduction, Text and Index]. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Klyashtorny, S. G. 1982. ‘The Terkhin Inscription.’ Acta Orientalia Hung. 36/1–3: 335–366.

  • Klyashtorny, S. G. 1985. ‘The Tes Inscription of the Uighur Bögü Qaghan.’ Acta Orientalia Hung. 39/1: 137–156.

  • Liu Mau-tsai 1958. Die chinesischen Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Ost-Türken (T’u-küe). 2 vols. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrasowitz.

  • Liu Xu 劉昫 1975. Jiu Tangshu 舊唐書 [The Old Book of Tang]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Mackerras, Colin 1968. The Uighur Empire (744-840) According to the T’ang Dynastic Histories. Canberra: Centre of Oriental Studies, Australian National University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Maḥmūd al-Kāšγarī 1982. Compendium of the Turkic Dialects (Dīwān Luγāt at-Turk). Trans. Robert Dankoff & James Kelly. Vol. 1. Duxbury, Mass.: Harvard University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Maḥmūd al-Kāšγarī 1984. Compendium of the Turkic Dialects (Dīwān Luγāt at-Turk). Trans. Robert Dankoff & James Kelly. Vol. 2. Duxbury, Mass.: Harvard University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Maḥmūd bin al-Ḥusayn bin Muḥammad al-Kāšγarī: Kitāb Dīwān Luγāt al-Turk [Compendium of the Turkic Dialects]. Millet Yazma Kütüphanesi, Ali Emîrî Arabî No. 4189, İstanbul.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Malov, Sergej Efimovič [Малов, Сергей Ефимович] 1951. Памятники древнетюркской письменности. Тексты и исследования. Москва: Издательство Академии Наук СССР.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Malov, Sergej Efimovič [Малов, Сергей Ефимович] 1959. Памятники древнетюркской письменности Монголии и Киргизии. Москва: Издательство Академии Наук СССР.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Mainz 377. Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin-Preussischer Kulturbesitz Orientabteilung, Berlin (http://turfan.bbaw.de/dta/mainz/images/mainz0377_seite1.jpg).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Manichäisch-Türkische Texte 616, 620, 621, 625. VATEC (Vorislamische Alttürkische Texte: Elektronisches Corpus) (http://vatec2.fkidg1.uni-frankfurt.de/vatecasp/Manich%C3%A4isch-T%C3%BCrkische_Texte.htm#202133/202226/202234/202283).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Mert, Osman 2009. Ötüken Uygur Dönemi Yazıtlarından Tes Tariat Şine Us [Tes Tariat Shine Us among the Ötükän Uyghur period inscriptions]. Ankara: Belen Yayıncılık Matbaacılık.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Onat, Ayşe, Sema Orsoy & Konuralp Ercilasun 2004. Çin Kaynaklarında Türkler: Han Hanedanlığı Tarihi Bölüm 94 A/B: Hsiung-nu (Hun) Monografisi (Açıklamalı Metin Neşri) [Turks in Chinese Sources: History of the Han Dynasty Chapter 94 A/B: Monography of the Xiongnu (Huns) (Édition Critique)]. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Orkun, Hüseyin Namık 1994. Eski Türk Yazıtları [Old Turkic Inscriptions]. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

  • Ōsawa Takashi 1999. ‘Tes Inscription.’ In: Moriyasu Takao & Ayudai Ochir (eds.) Provisional Report of Researches on Historical Sites and Inscriptions in Mongolia from 1996 to 1998. Ōsaka: The Society of Central Eurasian Studies, 158–167.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Otkan, Polat 2018. Tarihçinin Kayıtları’na (Shi Ji) Göre Hunlar [The Xiongnu according to the Records of the Historian (Shi Ji)]. İstanbul: İş Bankası Kültür Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ouyang Xiu 歐陽修 1974. Xin Wudaishi 新五代史 [The New History of the Five Dynasties]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Ouyang Xiu 歐陽修 1975. Xin Tangshu 新唐書 [The New Book of Tang]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Ölmez, Mehmet 1991. Altun Yaruk III. Kitap (= 5. Bölüm) [Altun Yaruq Book III (= Chapter 5)]. Ankara: Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ölmez, Mehmet 2012. Orhon-Uygur Hanlığı Dönemi Moğolistan’daki Eski Türk Yazıtları: Metin-Çeviri-Sözlük [Old Turkic Inscriptions of the Orkhon-Uyghur Khanate Period in Mongolia]. Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Pelliot chinois 2898. Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris (http://idp.bl.uk/database/oo_scroll_h.a4d?uid=128106336;recnum=60099;index=5).

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Pelliot chinois 3272. Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris (http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/btv1b83008774?rk=21459;2).

  • Radloff, Wilhelm 1987. Die alttürkischen Inschriften der Mongolei. 2 vols. Osnabrück: Otto Zeller Verlag.

  • Rašīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh-i Hamadānī 1373. Jāmiʿ al-Tavārīχ [Compendium of Chronicles]. Ed. Muḥammad Rūšan & Muṣṭafā Mūsavī. Vol. 1. Tahrān: Našr-i Alburz.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Rashiduddin Fazlullah 1998. Jami‘u’t-Tawarikh: Compendium of Chronicles: A History of the Mongols. Trans. W. M. Thackston. Vol. 1. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Sima Guang 司馬光 1976. Zizhi Tongjian 資治通鑑 [Comprehensive Mirror to Aid in Government]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Sima Qian 司馬遷 1963. Shiji 史記 [The Records of the Historian]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Song Lian 宋濂 1976. Yuanshi 元史 [The History of Yuan]. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Şeşen, Ramazan (trans.) 1995. İbn Fazlan: Seyahatnâme [Itinerary]. İstanbul: Bedir Yayınevi.

  • Şeşen, Ramazan 2010. İbn Fadlan Seyahatnamesi ve Ekleri [Itinerary of Ibn Fadhlan and Addenda]. İstanbul: Yeditepe Yayınevi.

  • Tekin, Talât 1983a. ‘Kuzey Moğolistan’da Yeni Bir Uygur Anıtı: Taryat (Terhin) Kitabesi [A New Uyghur Monument in Northern Mongolia: The Tariat (Terkhin) Inscription].’ Belleten XLVI/184: 795–838.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Tekin, Talat 1983b. ‘The Tariat (Terkhin) Inscription.’ Acta Orientalia Hung. 37/1–3: 43–68.

  • Tekin, Talât 1988. Orhon Yazıtları [Orkhon Inscriptions]. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları. The Secret History of the Mongols 2004. Trans. Igor de Rachewiltz. Vol. 1. Leiden: Brill.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Thomsen, Vilhelm 1896. Inscriptions de l’Orkhon déchiffrées. Helsingfors: Imprimerie de la Société de littérature finnoise.

  • Togan, İsenbike, Gülnar Kara & Cahide Baysal 2006. Çin Kaynaklarında Türkler: Eski T’ang Tarihi (Chiu T’ang-shu) 194a: “Türkler” Bölümü: Açıklamalı Metin Neşri [Turks in Chinese Sources: Old History of the Tang (Jiu Tangshu) 194a: Monography of the “Türks”: Édition Critique]. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Togan, A. Zeki Validi 1966. Ibn Faḍlān’s Reisebericht. Nendeln: Kraus Reprint Ltd.

  • Uygur Hakanlığı Yazıtları [Inscriptions of the Uyghur Qaghanate] 2018. Ed. Mehmet Ölmez. Ankara: Bilge-Su Yayıncılık.

  • Wang Pu 王溥 1955. Tang Huiyao 唐會要 [The Institutional History of the Tang]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Wang Qinruo 王欽若 1994. Cefu Yuangui 冊府元龜 [The Primary Tortoise of the Records Office]. Beijing: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Watson, Burton (trans.) Records of the Grand Historian of China. Volume II: The Age of Emperor Wu– 140 to Circa 100 B.C. 1968. New York: Columbia University Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Xue Juzheng 薛居正 1976. Jiu Wudaishi 舊五代史 [The Old History of the Five Dynasties]. Shanghai: Zhonghua Shuju.

  • Yap, Joseph P. 2009. Wars with the Xiongnu: A Translation from Zizhi Tongjian. Bloomington: AuthorHouse.

  • Yıldırım, Fikret 2016. ‘Kâğıda Yazılı Runik Harfli Eski Türkçe Metinler [Old Turkic Runic Texts Written on Paper].’ In: İgor Kormuşin, Emine Mozioğlu, Risbek Alimov & Fikret Yıldırım (eds.) Yenisey - Altay - Kırgızistan Yazıtları ve Kâğıda Yazılı Runik Belgeler. Ankara: BilgeSu Yayıncılık, 391–545.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bailey, H. W. 1939. ‘Turks in Khotanese Texts.’ The Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland 1: 85–91.

  • Bailey, H. W. 1948. ‘The Seven Princes.’ Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 12/3–4 [Oriental and African Studies Presented to Lionel David Barnett by His Colleagues, Past and Present]: 616–624.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Bailey, H. W. 1979. ‘North Iranian Problems.’ Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London 42/2 [In Honour of Thomas Burrow]: 207–210.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Baykuzu, Tilla Deniz 2012. Asya Hun İmparatorluğu [Asian Hunnic (Xiongnu) Empire]. Konya: Kömen Yayınları.

  • Caferoğlu, A. 1968. Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Old Uyghur Turkic]. İstanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

  • Clauson, Gerard 1972. An Etymological Dictionary of Pre-Thirteenth-Century Turkish. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

  • Çağbayır, Yaşar 2007. Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük: Orhun Yazıtlarından Günümüze Türkiye Türkçesinin Söz Varlığı [Ötüken Turkish Dictionary: Vocabulary of Turkish from the Orkhon Inscriptions to the Present Day]. Vol. 1. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Çandarlıoğlu, Gülçin 2004. Uygur Devletleri Tarihi ve Kültürü: Çin Kaynakları ve Uygur Kitabelerine Göre [History and Culture of Uyghur Polities: According to Chinese Sources and Uyghur Inscriptions]. İstanbul: Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Dobrovits, Mihály 2002. ‘Buyruq: Egy ótörök tisztségnév anatómiája [Buyruq: Anatomy of an Old Turkic title].’ Acta Universitatis Szegediensis: acta historica 112: 49–62.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Dobrovits, Mihály 2011. ‘Göktürk ve Uygurlar’da buyruḳ Terimi ve İdari Fonksiyonları [The Term buyruq among the Türks and Uyghurs and its Administrative Functions].’ Türk Dili Araştırma Yıllığı Belleten 59/1: 7–15.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Doerfer, Gerhard 1965. Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen. unter besonderer Berücksichtigung älterer neupersischer Geschichtsquellen, vor allem der Mongolen-und Timuridenzeit. Vol. 2. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag GMBH.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Donuk, Abdülkadir (1988). Eski Türk Devletlerinde İdarî-Askerî Ünvan ve Terimler [Administrative-Military Titles and Terms in Ancient Turkic Polities]. İstanbul: Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Древнетюркский словарь 1969. Pед. V. M. Nadeljaev [В. М. Наделяев], D. M. Nasilov [Д. М. Насилов], É. R. Tenišev [Э. Р. Тенишев] & A. М. Ščerbak [А. М. Щербак]. Ленинград: Наука.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ecsedy, Ildikó 1980. ‘A Contribution to the History of the Karluks in the T’ang Period.’ Acta Orientalia Hung. 34/1–3: 23–37.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ekrem, Erkin 2007. ‘Sarı Uygurların Kökeni [Origin of the Yellow Uyghurs].’ Modern Türklük Araştırmaları Dergisi 4/3: 156–180.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Erkoç, Hayrettin İhsan 2008. Eski Türklerde Devlet Teşkilâtı (Gök Türk Dönemi) [State Organization of the Ancient Turks (The Türk Qaġanate Period)]. (Unpublished MA thesis, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Ankara)

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Erkoç, Hayrettin İhsan 2019. ‘Göktürk Boylarının Tespit Edilmesinde Çin ve Tibet Kaynaklarının Önemi [The Importance of Chinese and Tibetan Sources in the Identification of Türk Tribes].’ In: Mehmet alpargu etal. (eds.) Genel Türk Tarihi Kaynakları: Ordu Çalıştayı Bildirileri. Ordu: Ordu Büyükşehir Belediyesi Kültür Yayınları, 77–160.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • von Gabain, Annemarie 1950. Alttürkische Grammatik. mit Bibliographie, Lesestücken und Wörterverzeichnis, auch Neutürkisch. Leipzig: Otto Harrassowitz.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • von Gabain, Annemarie 2000. Eski Türkçenin Grameri [Grammar of Old Turkic]. [Trans. Mehmet Akalın] Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Giraud, René 1960. L’Empire des Turcs célestes. Les regnes d’Elterich, Qapghan et Bilgä (680-734). Contribution à l’histoire des Turcs d’Asie Centrale. Paris: Librairie d’Amerique et d’Orient, Adrien-Maisonneuve.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gömeç, Saadettin 1997. Uygur Türkleri Tarihi ve Kültürü [History and Culture of Uyghur Turks]. Ankara: Atatürk Kültür Merkezi Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gömeç, Saadettin 2000. ‘Kök Türkçe Yazılı Belgelerde Yer Alan Unvanlar [Titles Contained in Kök Türkic Written Documents].’ Türk Kültürü 443: 129–142.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Gömeç, Saadettin Yağmur 2016. Kök Türk Tarihi [History of the Kök Türks]. Ankara: Berikan Yayınevi.

  • Gülensoy, Tuncer 2007. Türkiye Türkçesindeki Türkçe Sözcüklerin Köken Bilgisi Sözlüğü–Etimolojik Sözlük Denemesi [Etymological Dictionary of Turkish Words in Turkish–An Attempt of Etymological Dictionary]. Vol. 1. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Györffy, György 1960. ‘Die Rolle des Buyruq in der alttürkischen Gesellschaft.’ Acta Orientalia Hung. 11/1–3: 169–179.

  • Hamilton, James Russell 1955. Les Ouïghours à l’époque des Cinq dynasties d’après les documents chinois. Paris: Presses universitaires de France.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Hamilton, James 1962. ‘Toquz-Oγuz et On-Uyγur.’ Journal Asiatique CCL: 23–63.

  • Hucker, Charles O. 1988. A Dictionary of Official Titles in Imperial China. Taipei: Southern Materials Center, Inc.

  • Kafesoğlu, İbrahim 2002. Türk Millî Kültürü [Turkic National Culture]. İstanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat.

  • Koca, Salim 2002. ‘Eski Türklerde Devlet Geleneği ve Teşkilâtı [State Tradition and Organization among the Ancient Turks].’ In: Hasan Celâl Güzel, Kemal Çiçek & Salim Koca (eds.) Türkler. II. Ankara: Yeni Türkiye Yayınları, 823–844.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Kroll, Paul W. 2017. A Student’s Dictionary of Classical and Medieval Chinese. Leiden and Boston: Brill.

  • Ligeti, Louis 1998. Bilinmeyen İç Asya [Unknown Inner Asia]. [Trans. Sadrettin Karatay] Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

  • Mori Masao 1978. ‘Kuzey Asya’daki Eski Bozkır Devletlerinin Teşkilâtı [Organization of Ancient Steppe Polities in Northern Asia].’ İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Tarih Enstitüsü Dergisi 9: 209–226.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Ögel, Bahaeddin 1981. Büyük Hun İmparatorluğu Tarihi [History of the Great Hunnic (Xiongnu) Empire]. 2 vols. Ankara: Kültür Bakanlığı Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Pelliot, Paul 1929. ‘Neuf notes sur des questions d’Asie centrale.’ T’oung Pao 26/4–5: 201–266.

  • Pelliot, Paul 1943. ‘Une tribu méconnue des Naiman: les Bätäkin.’ T’oung Pao 37/2: 35–72.

  • Pulleyblank, Edwin G. 1991. Lexicon of Reconstructed Pronunciation in Early Middle Chinese, Late Middle Chinese, and Early Mandarin. Vancouver: UBC Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Schuessler, Axel 2009. Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese: A Companion to Grammata Serica Recensa. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Sertkaya, Osman Fikri 1985. ‘Fragmente in alttürkischer Runenschrift aus den Turfan-Funden.’ In: Klaus Röhrborn & Wolfgang Veenker (eds.) Runen, Tamgas und Graffiti aus Asien und Osteuropa. [Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica 19.] Wiesbaden: Otto Harrasowitz, 133–164.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Sümer, Faruk 1999. Türk Devletleri Tarihinde Şahıs Adları [Personal Names in the History of Turkic Poli-ties]. Vol. 1. İstanbul: Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları Vakfı.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Şirin User, Hatice 2006. ‘Eski Türkçede Bazı Unvanların Yapısı Üzerine [On the Structure of Some Titles in Old Turkic].’ Bilig 39: 219–238.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Şirin User, Hatice 2009. Köktürk ve Ötüken Uygur Kağanlığı Yazıtları: Söz Varlığı İncelemesi [Inscriptions of the Köktürk and Ötükän Uyghur Qaghanate: Study in Vocabulary]. Konya: Kömen Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Taşağıl, Ahmet 2014. Gök-Türkler I-II-III [The Türks I-II-III]. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu Yayınları.

  • Tekin, Talât 1968. A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic. Bloomington: Indiana University Publications.

  • Tietze, Andreas 2002. Tarihi ve Etimolojik Türkiye Türkçesi Lugatı [Historical and Etymological Dictionary of Turkish]. Vol. 1. İstanbul: Simurg Kitapçılık, Yayıncılık ve Dağıtım Ltd. Şti; Wien: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Toparlı, Recep, Hanifi Vural & Recep Karaatlı 2007. Kıpçak Türkçesi Sözlüğü [Dictionary of Kipchak Turkic]. Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation

  • Wilkens, Jens 2021. Handwörterbuch des Altuigurischen. Altuigurisch – Deutsch – Türkisch. Göttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen.

    • Search Google Scholar
    • Export Citation
  • Collapse
  • Expand
Cover Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Print ISSN:
0001-6446
Online ISSN:
1588-2667

Senior editors

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Gábor KÓSA

Editorial Board

  • Benedek PÉRI (Eötvös Loránd University)
  • Ágnes BIRTALAN (Eötvös Loránd University)
  • Csaba DEZSŐ (Eötvös Loránd University)
  • Peter B. GOLDEN (Rutgers University)
  • Arlo GRIFFITHS (École française d'Extrême-Orient)
  • Imre HAMAR (Eötvös Loránd University)
  • Zoltán SZOMBATHY (Eötvös Loránd University)
  • István VÁSÁRY(Eötvös Loránd University)
  • Yutaka YOSHIDA (Kyoto University)
  • Peter ZIEME (Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities)

 

Dr. Gábor Kósa
Editor-in-Chief
Institute of East Asian Studies
Eötvös Loránd University
Múzeum krt. 4/F
H-1088 Budapest, Hungary
kosa.gabor@btk.elte.hu

Indexing and Abstracting Services:

  • Arts and Humanities Citation Index
  • Bibliographie Linguistique/Linguistic Bibliography
  • Historical Abstracts
  • International Bibliographies IBZ and IBR
  • MLA International Bibliography
  • SCOPUS

2023  
Web of Science  
Journal Impact Factor 0.1
Rank by Impact Factor Q3 (History)
Journal Citation Indicator 0.68
Scopus  
CiteScore 0.4
CiteScore rank Q1 (Literature and Literary Theory)
SNIP 0.749
Scimago  
SJR index 0.302
SJR Q rank Q1

Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Publication Model Hybrid
Submission Fee none
Article Processing Charge 900 EUR/article
Effective from  1st Feb 2025:
1200 EUR/article
Printed Color Illustrations 40 EUR (or 10 000 HUF) + VAT / piece
Regional discounts on country of the funding agency World Bank Lower-middle-income economies: 50%
World Bank Low-income economies: 100%
Further Discounts Editorial Board / Advisory Board members: 50%
Corresponding authors, affiliated to an EISZ member institution subscribing to the journal package of Akadémiai Kiadó: 100%
Subscription fee 2025 Online subsscription: 620 EUR / 684 USD
Print + online subscription: 716 EUR / 788 USD
Subscription Information Online subscribers are entitled access to all back issues published by Akadémiai Kiadó for each title for the duration of the subscription, as well as Online First content for the subscribed content.
Purchase per Title Individual articles are sold on the displayed price.

Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Language English
Size B5
Year of
Foundation		 1950
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 4
Founder Magyar Tudományos Akadémia  
Founder's
Address		 H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 0001-6446 (Print)
ISSN 1588-2667 (Online)

Monthly Content Usage

Abstract Views Full Text Views PDF Downloads
Oct 2024 60 1 1
Nov 2024 15 0 0
Dec 2024 22 0 0
Jan 2025 22 0 0
Feb 2025 47 0 0
Mar 2025 17 0 0
Apr 2025 0 0 0