Since many details in the relations between Byzantium and Hungary have already been covered in research, this article attempts to point out the transnational connections between the two states. Hungary had been a constant factor of Byzantine policy in the Balkans since it had become a stately consolidated Christian kingdom around 1000. This was of particular importance after the victory over Bulgaria in 1018 made the Byzantine Empire a territorial neighbour for almost 200 years. During this period, not only important marriage ties between the ruling houses fall, but also the establishment of members of the Arpadian house in Constantinople. In the 13th century, for Byzantium, the connection with the Hungarian royal house was a protection against Charles of Anjou in lower Italy and his plans for the conquest of the Eastern Roman Empire. In the second half of the 14th century and in the 15th century Hungary became the main ally of the Emperor of Constantinople against the Ottomans. However, the profound social and ecclesiastical differences between the Eastern Roman Empire and Hungary made it impossible for Hungary to be included in the cultural community of the Byzantine Commonwealth.
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