Author:
Radu Ota National Museum of the Union, Alba Iulia, 12–14 Mihai Viteazul Street, RO 510010, Alba Iulia, Romania

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Abstract

In this paper, the author draws the attention of experts to a new glyphic discovery from Apulum. It is a schematic portrait of the Gorgon Medusa, depicted on a three-layered sardonyx. Based on parallels and the manufacturing technique, the author concludes that the piece originates from the workshops of Viminacium, Upper Moesia. The cameo is dated in the second half of the second century AD, prior the time when the canabae of the XIII Gemina legion rose to the status of municipium (ante AD 197). It is the only glyptic piece that bears the image of Medusa that's Dacian origin is certain. From an artistic point of view, it is a modest quality of execution, below the average provincial level. Furthermore, the author makes some remarks on the gems found in the collections of the National Museum of the Union in Alba Iulia, with a few additions and clarifications regarding the place of discovery and the possibility of the existence of a workshop of cavatores gemmarum at Apulum.

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  • Buora, M. (2012). Qualche considerazione sugli oggetti di lusso ad Apulum. A proposito di una recente mostra e del suo catalogo. Studia Antiqua et Archaeologica, 18: 281300.

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  • Gramatopol, M. (2011). Geme şi camee din colecţia Cabinetului Numismatic al Bibliotecii Academiei Române [Gems and cameos from the Numismatic Cabinet of the Romanian Academy Library], 2nd edition. Braşov.

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  • Hadiji Vasinca, M. (2007). Prelucrarea pietrelor semipreţioase în Dacia romană [The processing of semiprecious stones in Roman Dacia]. Bibliotheca Historica et Archaeologica Universitatis Timisiensis, 8: 201206.

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  • Hamat, A.-C. (2017). Imaginea nemuritoare a frumuseţii. Gemele descoperite în aria municipiului roman Tibiscum (jud. Caraş-Severin) [The immortal image of beauty. The gemstones found in the area of Roman municipium Tibiscum]. In: Forțiu, S. (Ed.), Arheovest. Interdisciplinaritate în arheologie şi istorie, V: in Honorem prof. univ. emerit Doina Benea, Timişoara, 25 noiembrie 2017, 1: Arheologie. Szeged, pp. 417437.

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  • Hamat, A.-C. and Kovacs, A. (2020). A Roman cameo with the representation of Gorgo Medusa from the collection of Botoșani County Museum. Banatica, 30: 399412.

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  • IDR III/6 Băluţă, Cl.L. (Ed.) (1999). Inscripţiile Daciei Romane, vol. III/6: Dacia superior [The inscriptions of Roman Dacia, 3: Dacia superior]. Bucureşti.

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  • Lux, Bounegru, G., Ciobanu, R., Ota, R., and Anghel, D. (2011). Lux, util şi estetic la Apulum. Podoabe şi accesorii vestimentare. Catalog de expoziţie [Luxury, useful and aesthetic. Adornments and clothing accessories. Exhibition catalogue]. Alba Iulia.

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  • Moga, V. (1998). Castrul roman de la Apulum [The Roman camp from Apulum]. Cluj-Napoca.

  • Ota, R. (2012). De la canabele legiunii a XIII-a Gemina la Municipium Septimium Apulense [From canabae legionis XIII Gemina to Municipium Septimium Apulense]. Alba Iulia.

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  • Ota, R. and Lascu, I. (2011). Cercetări arheologice în canabae legionis XIII Geminae/Municipium Septimium Apulense – sectorul estic [Archaeological researches in canabae legionis XIII Geminae/Municipium Septimium Apyulense – the eastern area]. Acta Musei Porolissensis, 33: 205224.

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  • Petolescu, C.C. (2000). Dacia şi Imperiul Roman. De la Burebista până la sfârşitul Antichităţii [Dacia and Roman Empire. From Burebista to the end of Antiquity]. Bucureşti.

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  • Popović, I. (1989). Les camées romains au Musée national de Beograd. Antiquité/Musée national de Beograd, 5. Belgrade.

  • Riha, E. (1990). Der römische Schmuck aus Augst und Kaiseraugst. Forschungen in Augst, 10. Augst.

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  • Ţeposu-David, L. (1965). Colecţia de geme a Muzeului Brukenthal din Sibiu [The gemstone collection of Brukenthal Museum from Sibiu]. Studii şi Comunicări Brukenthal, 12: 83120.

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  • Ţeposu-Marinescu, L., and Lakó, E. (1973). Catalogul colecţiei de geme romane [The collection catalogue of Roman gemstones]. Zalău.

  • Tudor. D. (1967). Pietre gravate descoperite la Romula [The engraved stones found at Romula]. Apulum. Acta Musei Apulensis ,6: 209229.

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Acta Archaeologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Language English
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