Selection
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 1-2
Evolutionary Optimisation Models and Matrix Games in the Unified Perspective of Adaptive Dynamics
Authors:
G. Meszéna Department of Biological Physics, Eötvös University H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1A, Hungary

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,
É. Kisdi Department of Mathematics, University of Turku Turku, Finland

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U. Dieckmann Adaptive Dynamics Network, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Laxenburg, Austria

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S. A. H. Geritz Department of Mathematics University of Turku Turku, Finland

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J. A. J. Metz Section Theoretical Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Evolutionary and Ecological Sciences (EEW), Leiden University Leiden, The Netherlands

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Pages:
193–220
Online Publication Date:
22 Jul 2005
Publication Date:
01 Apr 2002
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/select.2.2001.1-2.14
Keywords:
optimisation models; optimisation models; adaptive dynamics; frequency-dependent selection; ESS; Evolution; fitness landscapes; matrix games
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Matrix game theory and optimisation models offer two radically different perspectives on the outcome of evolution. Optimisation models consider frequency-independent selection and envisage evolution as a hill-climbing process on a constant fitness landscape, with the optimal strategy corresponding to the fitness maximum. By contrast, in evolutionary matrix games selection is frequency-dependent and leads to fitness equality among alternative strategies once an evolutionarily stable strategy has been established. In this review we demonstrate that both optimisation models and matrix games represent limiting cases of the general framework of nonlinear frequency-dependent selection. Adaptive dynamics theory considers arbitrary nonlinear frequency and density dependence and envisages evolution as proceeding on an adaptive landscape that changes its shape according to which strategies are present in the population. In adaptive dynamics, evolutionarily stable strategies correspond to conditional fitness maxima: the ESS is characterised by the fact that it has the highest fitness if it is the established strategy. In this framework it can also be shown that dynamical attainability, evolutionary stability, and invading potential of strategies are pairwise independent properties. In optimisation models, on the other hand, these properties become linked such that the optimal strategy is always attracting, evolutionarily stable and can invade any other strategy. In matrix games fitness is a linear function of the potentially invading strategy and can thus never exhibit an interior maximum: Instead, the fitness landscape is a plane that becomes horizontal once the ESS is established. Due to this degeneracy, invading potential is part of the ESS definition for matrix games and dynamical attainability is a dependent property. We conclude that nonlinear frequency-dependent theory provides a unifying framework for overcoming the traditional divide between evolutionary optimisation models and matrix games.

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Cover Selection
Selection
Print ISSN:
1585-1931
Online ISSN:
1588-287X

Selection
Language English
Year of
Foundation		 2001
Publication
Programme		 ceased
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 1585-1931 (Print)
ISSN 1588-287X (Online)

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