Seven synthetic hexaploid wheats (Triticum dicoccum/Aegilops tauschii) were subjected for investigation. Numerical variation of chromosome number in F1 hybrids between three synthetics and common wheat varieties, was recorded. Hexaploid amphiploids (SHW) formed gametes with aneuploid chromosome number at a frequency of 13.2 and 14.8% as male and female parents, respectively. We speculated that the frequency of aneuploids in the generation might depend on variability of BAu- and D-genomes of synthetic parents, and could be used for increasing the genetic diversity in common wheat. The HMW-glutenins analysis divided two lines in SHW530 and 532 due to different genes present in the B-genome, and increased them to 9 synthetic lines. The subunits 1Dx1.5 + 1Dy10 was predominantly observed in the synthetics. Two other allelic variants 1Dx2 + 1Dy11 and 1Dx4 + 1Dy10.1 were found in four lines and appeared as new genes in SHW originated from Aegilops tauschii. The synthetic hexaploid lines could play a significant role as novel germplasm resources for improving the grain quality of bread wheat.
Bahraei, S., Saidi, A., Alizadeh, D. 2004. High molecular weight glutenin subunits of current bread wheats grown in Iran. Euphytica 137:173–179.
Branland, G., Dardevet, M. 1985. Diversity of grain protein and bread wheat quality. II. Correlation between high molecular weight subunits of glutenin and flour quality characteristics. J. Cereal Sci. 3:345–354.
Feldman, M. 2001. Origin of cultivated wheat. In: Bonjean, A.P., Angus, W.J. (eds), The World Wheat Book: A History of Wheat Breeding. Lavoisier Tech & Doc. Paris, France. pp. 3–56.
Giraldo, P., Rodriguez-Quijano, M., Simon, C., Vazquez, J.F., Carrillo, J.M. 2010. Allelic variation in HMW glutenins in Spanish wheat landraces and their relationship with bread quality. Span. J. Agric. Res. 8:1012–1023.
Goncharov, N.P., Bannikova, S.V., Kawahara, T. 2007. Wheat artificial amphiploids involving the Triticum timopheevii genome: their studies, preservation and reproduction. Gen. Res. Crop Evol. 54:1507–1516.
Goncharov, N.P., Golovina, K.A., Kondratenko, E.Y. 2009. Taxonomy and molecular phylogeny of natural and artificial wheat species. Breeding Sci. 59:492–498.
Lafiandra, D., D’Ovodio, R., Porceddu, E., Margiotta, B., Colaprico, G. 1993. New data supporting high molecular glutenin subunit 5 as the determinant of quality differences among the pairs 5+10 and 2+12. J. Cereal Sci. 18:197–205.
Li, J., Wan, H., Yang, W. 2014. Synthetic hexaploid wheat enhances variation and adaptive evolution of bread wheat in breeding processes. J. Syst. Ev. 52:735–742.
Ma, Y., Chen, G., Zhang, L., Liu, Y., Liu, D., Wang, J., Pu, Z., Zhang, L., Lan, X., Wei, Y., Liu, C., Zheng, Y. 2014. QTL mapping for important agronomic traits in synthetic hexaploid wheat derived from Aegilops tauschii ssp. tauschii. J. Integr. Agric. 13:1835–1844.
McIntyre, C.L., Rattey, A., Kilian, A., Dreccer, M.F., Shorter, R. 2014. Preferential retention of chromosome regions in derived synthetic wheat lines: a source of novel alleles for wheat improvement. Crop Past. Sci. 65:125–138.
Mestiri, I., Chagué, V., Tanguy, A., Huneau, C., Huteau, V., Belcram, H., Coriton, O., Chalhoub, B., Jahier, J. 2010. Newly synthesized wheat allohexaploids display progenitor-dependent meiotic stability and aneuploidy but structural genomic additivity. New Phytologist 186:86–101.
Nei, M. 1973. Analysis of gene diversity in subdivided populations. Proc. Natl Acad. of Sci. USA 70:3321–3323.
Niwa, K., Aihara, H., Yamada, A., Motohashi, T. 2010. Chromosome number variations in newly synthesized hexaploid wheats spontaneously derived from self-fertilization of Triticum carthlicum Nevski/Aegilops tauschii Coss. F1 hybrids. Cereal Res. Commun. 38:449–458.
Payne, P.I. 1987. Genetics of wheat storage proteins and the effect of allelic variations on bread-making quality. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 38:141–153.
Plamenov, D., Spetsov, P. 2011. Synthetic hexaploid lines are valuable resources for biotic stress resistance in wheat improvement. J. Plant Pathol. 93:251–262.
Rasheed, A., Safrad, T., Gul-Kazi, A., Mahmood, T., Akram, Z. 2012. Characterization of HMW-GS and evolution of their diversity in morphologically elite synthetic hexaploid wheats. Breeding Sci. 62:365–372.
Rasheed, A., Xia, X., Ogbonnaya, F., Mahmood, T., Zhang, Z., Mujeeb-Kazi, A., He, Z. 2014. Genome-wide association for grain morphology in synthetic hexaploid wheats using digital imaging analysis. BMC Plant Biol. 14:128–149.
Ravel, C., Fiquet, S., Boudet, J., Dardevet, M., Vincent, J., Merlino, M., Michard, R., Martre, P. 2014. Conserved cis-regulatory modules in promoters of genes encoding wheat high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. Front. Plant Sci. Vol. 5, article 621, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00621. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4228979/
Ribeiro, M., Bancel, E., Faye, A., Dardevet, M., Ravel, C., Branlard, G., Igrejas, G. 2013. Proteogenomic characterization of novel x-type high molecular weight glutenin subunit 1Ax1.1. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14:5650–5667.
Singh, N.K., Shepherd, K.W., Cornish, G.B. 1991. A simplified SDS-PAGE procedure for separating LMW subunits of glutenins. J. Cereal Sci. 14:203–208.
Tang, Y., Yang, W., Tian, J., Li, J., Chen, F. 2008. Effect of HMW-GS 6+8 and 1.5+10 from synthetic hexaploid wheat on wheat quality traits. Agric. Sci. China 7:1161–1171.
William, M.D.H., Peña, R.J., Mujeeb-Kazi, A. 1993. Variation of seed proteins and isozymes in the T. tauschii (Ae. squarrosa 2n = 2x = 14, DD). Theor. Appl. Genet. 87:257–263.
Yasmeen, F., Khurshid, H., Ghafoor, A. 2015. Genetic divergence for high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) in indigenous landraces and commercial cultivars of bread wheat of Pakistan. Genet. Mol. Res. 14:4829–4839.