Ammonium uptake and assimilation are required for rice defense against sheath blight disease

W.J. Chi; Z.Y. Wang; J.M. Liu; C. Zhang; Y.H. Wu; Y.J. Bai

doi:10.1556/0806.46.2018.056

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Cereal Research Communications

Volume/Issue:: Volume 47: Issue 1

Ammonium uptake and assimilation are required for rice defense against sheath blight disease

Authors:

W.J. Chi

W.J. Chi Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China
Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
Shenyang Institute of Technology, Fushun, 113122, China

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Z.Y. Wang

Z.Y. Wang Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China

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J.M. Liu

J.M. Liu WenZhou Agricultural Science Research Institute (WenZhou Vocational College of Science & Technology), Wenzhou, 325006, China

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C. Zhang

C. Zhang Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China

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Y.H. Wu

Y.H. Wu Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China

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Y.J. Bai

Y.J. Bai Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, 110161, China

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Pages:: 98–110

Online Publication Date:: Mar 2019

Publication Date:: 01 Mar 2019

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/0806.46.2018.056

Keywords:: AMT; assimilation; sheath blight; defense; GS1;1 ; rice

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Nitrogen (N) is an important nutrient for plant growth and yield production, and rice grown in paddy soil mainly uses ammonium (NH₄⁺) as its N source. Previous studies have shown that N status is tightly connected to plant defense; however, the roles of NH₄⁺ uptake and assimilation in rice sheath blight disease response have not been studied previously. Here, we analyzed the effects of different N sources on plant defense against Rhizoctonia solani. The results indicated that rice plants grown in N-free conditions had higher resistance to sheath blight than those grown under N conditions. In greater detail, rice plants cultured with glutamine as the sole N source were more susceptible to sheath blight disease compared to the groups using NH₄⁺ and nitrate (NO₃^–) as sole N sources. N deficiency severely inhibited plant growth; therefore, ammonium transporter 1;2 overexpressors (AMT1;2 OXs) were generated to test their growth and defense ability under low N conditions. AMT1;2 OXs increased N use efficiency and exhibited less susceptible symptoms to R. solani and highly induced the expression of PBZ1 compared to the wild-type controls upon infection of R. solani. Furthermore, the glutamine synthetase 1;1 (GS1;1) mutant (gs1;1) was more susceptible to R. solani infection than the wild-type control, and the genetic combination of AMT1;2 OX and gs1;1 revealed that AMT1;2 OX was less susceptible to R. solani and required GS1;1 activity. In addition, cellular NH₄⁺ content was higher in AMT1;2 OX and gs1;1 plants, indicating that NH₄⁺ was not directly controlling plant defense. In conclusion, the present study showed that the activation of NH₄⁺ uptake and assimilation were required for rice resistance against sheath blight disease.

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Cereal Research Communications A Quarterly of the Cereal Research Non-Profit Ltd. Company

Print ISSN:: 0133-3720

Online ISSN:: 1788-9170

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Cereal Research Communications
Language	English
Size	A4
Year of Foundation	1973
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	4
Founder	Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	0133-3720 (Print)
ISSN	1788-9170 (Online)