Winners and losers of reform? Gender and unemploxment in Poland and Hungary

Christy Glass; Janette Kawachi

doi:10.1556/revsoc.7.2001.2.7

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Review of Sociology

Volume/Issue:: Volume 7: Issue 2

Winners and losers of reform? Gender and unemploxment in Poland and Hungary

Authors:

Christy Glass

Christy Glass Yale University Department of Sociology 140 Prospect 06511 New Haven

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Janette Kawachi

Janette Kawachi Yale University Department of Sociology 140 Prospect 06511 New Haven

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Pages:: 109–140

Online Publication Date:: 22 Jul 2005

Publication Date:: 01 Nov 2001

Article Category:: Journal Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/revsoc.7.2001.2.7

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In this paper we analyze whether and how unemployment patterns changed during the transition from socialism to capitalism in Hungary and Poland. Specifically, we test two competing theories that make predictions about women's employment outcomes as a result of market reforms.First, Fodor's theory of „revalued resources” predicts that women will have a significant advantage over men in the labor market as a result of attaining high levels of education and gaining substantial work experience in the servicesector under socialist regime. Alternatively, the „re-traditionalization” theory predicts that women's emloyment will gradually deteriorate as a result of traditional gender ideologies that have re-emerged throughout the transitional period. In order to adjudicate between these competing theories, our analysis draws upon two major cross-national surveys conducted in Central and Eastern Europe in 1993 and 2000. By comparing labor market figures in Hungary and Poland in 1988, 1993 and 2001, our analysis maps the trajectory of men and women's unemployment from the period immediately precedeing market reforms to the current phase of transition. Overall, we find modest evudence for both theories depending on the country of interest. íFurthermore, while women, as compared to men, have sustained a relatively strong position in the labor market after over a decade of reforms in Hungary, the employment situation for women in Poland is becoming increasingly bleak.

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Review of Sociology

Print ISSN:: 1417-8648

Online ISSN:: 1588-2845

Review of Sociology
Language	English
Year of Foundation	2000
Publication Programme	ceased
Founder	A Magyar Szociológiai Társaság -- Hungarian Sociological Association
Founder's Address	H-1097 Budapest, Hungary Tóth Kálmán u.4.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	1417-8648 (Print)
ISSN	1588-2845 (Online)