20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E), an imperative phytoecdysteroid, regulates several biochemical and physiological processes during the different developmental stages in insects. The aim of the present work was to validate an analytical method for the detection and identification of the 20E content in Sesuvium portulacastrum using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) combined with image analysis and using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). Using HPTLC, the better separation of 20E was achieved on TLC plate prewashed with ethanol—ethyl acetate—water (8:2:0.5) and using the solvent system consisting of chloroform—methanol—benzene (12.5:2.5:1.5) at RF value of 0.30. The bands were documented using a TLC visualizer and scanned at 254 nm in absorption mode. The method was validated for specificity, linearity, precision, robustness, stability, accuracy, limit of detection (LOD), and limit of quantification (LOQ) as per the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The linear calibration curve was achieved in the range of 50–500 ng band−1 with the most significant correlation coefficient (r = 0.997). The relative standard deviations for intra-day and inter-day precisions were found to be 1.897 and 3.125 at 300 ng band−1, and the limit of detection and limit of quantification were 4.67 and 14.16 ng band−1, respectively. Furthermore, 20-hydroxyecdysone isolated from standard and plant sample bands was identified using indirect TLC—HRMS analysis. The HPTLC method and the indirect TLC—HRMS analysis were observed to be simple, precise, accurate, and suitable for the determination of 20E in S. portulacastrum. In the phytopharmaceutical industry, the present method can be applied for the screening and routine quality control of 20E in plant materials and formulations.
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