Bevezetés: A Barrett-nyelőcső (BE) az alsó harmadi nyelőcső adenocarcinomájának egyetlen ismert prekurzora. Több megfigyelés szerint a gastrooesophagealis refluxbetegség (GERB) súlyossága és fennállásának ideje fontos patogenetikai tényező a Barrett-nyelőcső kialakulásában. Betegek és módszer: Retrospektív vizsgálatunkban 2001–2008 között laparoscopos Nissen szerinti antireflux műtéten átesett 176 refluxbeteg és 78 BE-vel szövődött beteg praeoperativ kivizsgálási eredményeit (tünetek, 24 órás pH-metria, nyelőcső-manometria, Bilitec) és kezelésük hatékonyságát hasonlítottuk össze. Eredmények: A betegcsoportok nem különböztek demográfiai jellemzőikben, és refluxos tüneteik időtartama is azonos hosszúságú volt. A betegek mindkét csoportban átlagosan másfél éves (19,87 vs. 19,20 hónap) eredménytelen gyógyszeres (protonpumpagátló) kezelés után kerültek műtétre. A praeoperativ functionalis vizsgálatok a BE-csoportban súlyosabb savas reflux meglétét igazolták (DeMeester-score 18,9 vs. 41,9, p < 0,001). Ugyanakkor a manometria – bár alátámasztotta az alsó nyelőcsősphincter (LES) károsodását – nem mutatott különbséget a két csoport között (12,10 vs. 12,57 Hgmm, p = 0,892). A laparoscopos antireflux műtéteknek halálozása nem volt, két esetben történt conversio súlyos adhaesiók, illetve lépsérülés miatt. Három hónappal a műtétet követően a Visick-score alapján mindkét csoportban jelentősen csökkentek vagy megszűntek a refluxos tünetek (az I. csoportban a betegek 73%-ánál, a II. csoportban a betegek 81%-ánál), javult a LES működése (17,58 és 18,70 Hgmm), és csökkent a savas reflux gyakorisága és expositiója (DeMeester-score 7,73 és 12,72). Következtetés: A károsodott LES incompetens működésével párhuzamosan jelentkező kóros savas reflux súlyossága potencírozza a gastrooesophagealis junctióban (GEJ) megjelenő gyulladáson túl a metaplasticus folyamatok elindulását, a Barrett-nyelőcső kialakulását. A konzervatív kezelésre nem reagáló refluxbetegek csoportjában a megfelelően kivitelezett Nissen szerinti laparoscopos antireflux műtét további javulást képes biztosítani.
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