Absztrakt
A koraszülöttség pszichológiai szakirodalma igen változatos eredményeket közöl a koraszülöttség fejlődési kimenetelével kapcsolatban. Az anya–gyermek interakció vizsgálata segíthet a fejlődési kimenetel heterogenitásának megértésében. Jelen vizsgálatban 29 mérsékelten rizikós koraszülött és 40 egészséges, időre született gyermek és édesanyáik vettek részt. A csecsemők 12 hónapos korában megfigyeléses adatgyűjtést végeztünk, játékhelyzetben rögzítettük általunk kialakított szempontrendszer alapján az anyai és a gyermeki viselkedéses sajátosságokat. Emellett a 12 hónapos kori Bayley fejlődési mutatókat is bevontuk az elemzésbe. Eredményeink szerint a koraszülöttek csoportjában némileg kedvezőtlenebb sajátosságok mutatkoztak. Jellemzőbb az anyai passzivitás, amire a gyermekek nagyobb fokú kezdeményezéssel válaszolnak. A koraszülött csecsemők továbbá többször váltanak játéktárgyat, és kevesebbet vokalizálnak. A koraszülött csoportban összefüggést találtunk az anyai tanítói viselkedés és a gyermek mentális fejlődési indexe között. Úgy tűnik, hogy a koraszülötteknél talált mentális fejlődésbeli hátrányhoz, amely főleg a fiúkat érinti, részben a kisebb anyai tanítói igyekezet is hozzájárul.
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