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Eszter Turi
Eszter Turi
MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Budapest
Pszichológiai Intézet, Fejlődés- és Klinikai Gyermekpszichológia Tanszék, ELTE PPK, Budapest
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Pszichológiai Intézet, Fejlődés- és Klinikai Gyermekpszichológia Tanszék, ELTE PPK, Budapest
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Krisztina Lakatos
Krisztina Lakatos
MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Budapest
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Judit Gervai
Judit Gervai
MTA Természettudományi Kutatóközpont, Budapest
Pszichológiai Intézet, Fejlődés- és Klinikai Gyermekpszichológia Tanszék, ELTE PPK, Budapest
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Pszichológiai Intézet, Fejlődés- és Klinikai Gyermekpszichológia Tanszék, ELTE PPK, Budapest
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Absztrakt
Az érzelmek detektálása, megkülönböztetése és felismerése alapvető társas képességeink egyike, mely a perceptuális rendszerek érésével, valamint a gyarapodó szociális tapasztalatokkal párhuzamosan fejlődik. A jelen tanulmány célja összefoglalást nyújtani az érzelemfeldolgozó képesség csecsemőkori kialakulásának elméleti hátteréről, vizsgálati módszereiről, valamint a konkrét életkorhoz köthető kutatási eredményekről az első életév során.
Az érzelemkifejezések először feltehetően multimodális ingerként válnak felismerhetővé, később pedig már önmagában akusztikus vagy vizuális modalitásban is elkülöníthetők a csecsemők számára. Viselkedési és pszichofiziológiai vizsgálati módszerek segítségével megállapítható, hogy a csecsemők 3–4 hónapos korra kezdik differenciálni a vidám, meglepett, szomorú, félelemteli és haragos érzelemkifejezéseket, melyek közül először a vidám arcokat preferálják, majd kb. 7 hónapos kortól kiemelkedő jelentősége van a félelemnek és a haragnak. Az eredmények általánosíthatóságát azonban a módszerek sokfélesége valamelyest korlátozza.
A fejlődés során az érzelmek reprezentációjára jelentős hatással vannak a saját tapasztalatok, azaz a csecsemő korábban diszkriminálja a környezetében gyakrabban előforduló érzelmeket. Az uralkodó keresztmetszeti kutatások mellett pontosabban feltárhatóvá válna a csecsemők érzelemdiszkriminációs képességének fejlődése, ha a vizsgálatok longitudinális keretben, természetesebb dinamikus ingereket alkalmaznának, valamint figyelembe vennék az egyéni, biológiai meghatározottságot, illetve a specifikus affektív környezetet is.
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| Pszichológia | |
|---|---|
| Language | Hungarian |
| Year of Foundation |
1981 |
| Publication Programme |
ceased |
| Founder | Természettudományi Kutatóközpont -- Research Centre for Natural Sciences |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary Magyar Tudósok Körútja 2. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 0230-0508 (Print) |
| ISSN | 2060-2782 (Online) |
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