Radioecologically the most important radionuclide generated by the Chernobyl accident is137Cs at present. The actual geographic distribution of the137Cs concentrations in the soil in Central Slovakia for 1995 is presented. On the basis of measured data the relationships between137Cs concentration in soil profiles and some local parameters (average precipitation, specific activity of40K, soil types) was studie. Some problems in the modelling and prediction of137Cs migration in soils are discussed too. The activity of137Cs was measured at 45 sites. Approximately 66% of total deposition of137Cs in the upper 10 cm of soil.