Quantitative analysis of traces of Pd in a Cu matrix using X-ray fluorescence induced by protons in the MeV range is explained. The method is used for necroanalysis of small portions (20 μg) of a sample in which local inhomogeneity of Pd concentration is found. The sensitivity of the technique may reach 5 ppm (quantitative) for one hour of bombardment of metallic samples. This sensitivity of 5 ppm of Pd in 20 μg of material corresponds to 10−11 g of Pd effectively detected. The method is rapid (15 min for the determination of 100 ppm of Pd in a Cu matrix with an accuracy of 5%), non-destructive and does not produce any residual activity. Comparative results obtained by other macrotechniques are given.