Evaluation of New Pharmaceuticals Using In Vivo Neutron Inelastic Scattering and Neutron Activation Analysis

J. Kehayias

doi:10.1023/a:1006709508752

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Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry

Volume/Issue:: Volume 244: Issue 1

Evaluation of New Pharmaceuticals Using In Vivo Neutron Inelastic Scattering and Neutron Activation Analysis

Author:

J. Kehayias

J. Kehayias Tufts University Body Composition Laboratory, USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging 711 Washington Street Boston MA 02111 USA

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Pages:: 219–224

Online Publication Date:: 01 Nov 2004

Publication Date:: 17 Apr 2000

Article Category:: Research Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1006709508752

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Abstract

Nutritional status of patients can be evaluated by monitoring changes in body composition, including depletion of protein and muscle, adipose tissue distribution and changes in hydration status, bone or cell mass. Fast neutron activation (for N and P) and neutron inelastic scattering (for C and O) are used to assess in vivo elements characteristic of specific body compartments. The fast neutrons are produced with a sealed deuterium-tritium (D-T) neutron generator. This method provides the most direct assessment of body composition. Non-bone phosphorus for muscle is measured by the ³¹P(n,)²⁸Al reaction, and nitrogen for protein via the (n,2n) fast neutron reaction. Inelastic neutron scattering is used for the measurement of total body carbon and oxygen. Carbon is used to derive body fat, after subtracting carbon contributions due to protein, bone and glycogen. Carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio is used to measure distribution of fat and lean tissue in the body and to monitor small changes of lean mass and its quality. In addition to evaluating the efficacy of new treatments, the system is used to study the mechanisms of lean tissue depletion with aging and to investigate methods for preserving function and quality of life in the elderly.

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Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry

Print ISSN:: 0236-5731

Online ISSN:: 1588-2780

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Journal of Radionalytical and Nuclear Chemistry
Language	English
Size	A4
Year of Foundation	1968
Volumes per Year	1
Issues per Year	12
Founder	Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	0236-5731 (Print)
ISSN	1588-2780 (Online)