The chemical speciation of radiocesium which determines its environmental behavior could be affected by microbial processes in soil. However, the speciation of radiocesium in soil has not been well documented. The speciation of radiocesium in soil was investigated with the absence and presence of Deinococcus radiodurans and Pseudomonas sp., respectively. The content of radiocesium in residual phase was increased significantly (p<0.01) with the presence of bacteria in comparison to aseptic control, about 60% of adsorbed radiocesium existed in residual phase with the presence of bacteria. The proportions of radiocesium in different speciation were not significantly changed in the presence of D. radiodurans and Pseudomonas sp. with a longer incubation time. About 67.8% of the total absorbed radiocesium in D. radiodurans cells was extractable with ethanol.