This study deals with possibility of the applications of inorganic substances specifically natural bentonite in function of reinforced nanofillers in polymeric materials. X-ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy and thermal analysis (TG, DSC and DTA) were used to characterize natural bentonite in more detail. At the prepared model, rubber compounds with various amounts of added filler were determinated vulcanization characteristics and physical–mechanical properties. The measured values were compared with the values of commercially used polymeric materials with the original composition.