Geopolymers
Inorganic polymeric new materials
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V. Elia
V. Elia
Department of Chemistry University “Federico II” of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte S'angelo, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy elena.napoli@unina.itmarcella.niccoli@unina.it
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E. Napoli
E. Napoli
Department of Chemistry University “Federico II” of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte S'angelo, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy elena.napoli@unina.itmarcella.niccoli@unina.it
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M. Niccoli
M. Niccoli
Department of Chemistry University “Federico II” of Naples, Complesso Universitario di Monte S'angelo, Via Cintia, 80126, Naples, Italy elena.napoli@unina.itmarcella.niccoli@unina.it
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Abstract
Conductometric and calorimetric titrations of Extremely Diluted Solutions (EDS) were performed by adding HCl or NaOH solutions. The aim of this study is to obtain further confirmation of the hypothesized presence, in the EDS, of molecular aggregates of water molecules. The measurements on the EDS evidenced some relevant differences compared to those on solutions with just water as solvent. The conductivity and the pH caused by adding the titrant, namely NaOH or HCl, were markedly different to those of the control solutions. We suppose that the preparation procedure of the EDS could produce non-equilibrium changes in the supramolecular structure of water. The experimental results were interpreted by considering the interactions that can take place between the OH− or H3O+ and the hypothesized molecular aggregates of water molecules i.e. dissipative structures. A comparison was made about the nature of the driving force that leads to the formation of the complexes between the two ions deriving from probes and the molecular aggregates of water molecules (dissipative structures). In this study, we have determined the thermodynamic parameters of association between molecular aggregates of water molecules (dissipative structures) in the EDS and OH− or H3O+ probe ions. The experimental results were interpreted by considering a favorable interaction between the H3O+ and OH− ions and the dissipative structures, due, probably, to steric hindrance and chemical affinity with the aggregates.
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1. Cacace, CM, Elia, L, Elia, V, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2009 Conductometric and pHmetric titrations of extremely diluted solutions using HCl solutions as titrant. A molecular model. J Mol Liq 146:122–126 .
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2. Elia, V, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2009 A molecular model of interaction between extremely diluted solutions and NaOH solutions used as titrant. Conductometric and pHmetric titrations. J Mol Liq 148:45–50 .
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3. Elia, V, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M, Nonatelli, L, Ramaglia, A, Ventimiglia, E 2004 New physico-chemical properties of extremely diluted aqueous solutions. A calorimetric and conductivity study at 25 °C. J Therm Anal Calorim 78:331–342 .
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4. Elia, V, Marchese, M, Montanino, M, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M, Nonatelli, L, Ramaglia, A 2005 Hydrohysteretic phenomenon of “extremely diluted solutions” induced by mechanical treatments. A calorimetric and conductometric study at 25 °C. J Solut Chem 34:947–960 .
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5. Elia, V, Elia, L, Cacace, P, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M, Savarese, F 2006 “Extremely Diluted Solutions” as multi-variables systems: a study of calorimetric and conductometric behaviour as a function of the time parameter. J Therm Anal Calorim 84:317–323 .
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6. Elia, V, Elia, L, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2006 Conductometric and calorimetric studies of serially diluted and agitated solutions: the dependence of intensive parameters on volume. Intern J Ecodyn 1:1–12 .
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7. Elia, V, Elia, L, Montanino, M, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M, Nonatelli, L 2007 Conductometric studies of the serially diluted and agitated solutions on an anomalous effect that depends on the dilution process. J Mol Liq 135:158–165 .
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8. Elia, V, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M, Marchettini, N, Tiezzi, E 2008 New physico chemical properties of extremely diluted solutions. A conductivity study at 25 °C in relation to ageing. J Solut Chem 37:85–91 .
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9. Belon, P, Elia, V, Elia, L, Montanino, M, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2008 Conductometric and calorimetric studies of the serially diluted and agitated solutions. On the combined anomalous effect of time and volume parameters. J Therm Anal Calorim 93:459–469 .
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10. Elia, V, Elia, L, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2008 On the stability of extremely diluted aqueous solutions at high ionic strength. A calorimetric study at 298 K. J Therm Anal Calorim 92:643–648 .
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11. Ciavatta, L, Elia, V, Napoli, E, Niccoli, M 2008 New physico-chemical properties of extremely diluted solutions. Electromotive force measurements of Galvanic cells sensible to the activity of NaCl at 25 °C. J Solut Chem 37:1037–1049 .
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| Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
1969 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
24 |
| Founder | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11. |
| Responsible Publisher |
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| ISSN | 1388-6150 (Print) |
| ISSN | 1588-2926 (Online) |
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