This work reports the synthesis, characterization, and thermal behavior of three complexes of copper (II): [CuCl2(HPz)4] (1), [CuCl2(HdmPz)4] (2), and [CuCl2(HIPz)4] (3) (HPz = pyrazole; HdmPz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazole; HIPz = 4-iodopyrazole). The compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and UV–Vis measurements. The thermal study of the compounds showed that the ligands are eliminated in 2–4 stages, yielding CuO as final residue.
1. La Monica, G, Ardizzoia, GA. The role of the pyrazolate ligand in building polynuclear transition metal systems. Prog Inorg Chem. 1997;46:151–238. .
2. Li, K, Darkwa, J, Guzei, IA, Mapolie, SF. Synthesis and evaluation of substituted pyrazoles palladium(II) complexes as ethylene polymerization catalysts. J Organomet Chem. 2002;660:108–115. .
3. Rocha, FV, Barra, CV, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Carlos, IZ, Frem, RCG, Ananias, SR, Quilles, MB, Stevanato, A, Da Rocha, MC. 3,5-Dimethyl-1-thiocarbamoylpyrazole and its Pd(II) complexes: synthesis, spectral studies and antitumor activity. Eur J Med Chem. 2010;45:1698–1702. .
4. de Souza, RA, Stevanato, A, Treu-Filho, O, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Castellano, EE, Carlos, IZ, Pavan, FR, Leite, CQF. Antimycobacterial and antitumor activities of Palladium(II) complexes containing isonicotinamide (isn): X-ray structure of trans-[Pd(N3)2(isn)2]. Eur J Med Chem. 2010;45:4863–4868. .
5. Halcrow, MA. Pyrazoles and pyrazolides—flexible synthons in self-assembly. Dalton Trans. 2009;12:2045–2256.
6. Netto, AVG, Frem, RCG, Mauro, AE. A química supramolecular de complexos pirazólicos. Quím Nova. 2008;31:1208–1217. .
7. Pérez, J, Riera, L. Pyrazole complexes and supramolecular chemistry. Eur J Inorg Chem. 2009;2009:4913–4925. .
8. Takahashi, PM, Melo, LP, Frem, RCG, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Santos, RHA, Ferreira, JG. Self-assembly of metallosupramolecules directed by (N–H)2···SCN-M (M=Co, Ni), C–H···π and π–π synthons. J Mol Struct. 2006;783:161–167. .
9. Netto, AVG, Frem, RCG, Mauro, AE. Synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of a novel coordination polymer of palladium(II) with pyrazole and azido ligands. Mol Cryst Liq Cryst. 2002;374:255–260.
10. Netto, AVG, Frem, RCG, Mauro, AE. Low-weight coordination polymers derived from the self-assembly reactions of Pd(II) pyrazolyl compounds and azide ion. Polyhedron. 2005;24:1086–1092. .
11. da Silva, PB, Frem, RCG, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Ferreira, JG, Santos, RHA. Pyrazolyl coordination polymers of cadmium(II). Inorg Chem Commun. 2006;9:235–238. .
12. Netto, AVG, Takahashi, PM, Frem, RCG, Mauro, AE, Zorel Júnior, HE. Thermal decomposition of palladium(II) pyrazolyl complexes. Part I. J Anal Appl Pyrolysis. 2004;72:183–189. .
13. Netto, AVG, Santana, AM, Mauro, AE, Frem, RCG, de Almeida, ET, Crespi, MS, Zorel Júnior, HE. Thermal decomposition of palladium(II) pyrazolyl complexes. Part II. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2005;79:339–342. .
14. Takahashi, PM, Frem, RCG, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Matos, JR. Thermal studies on nickel(II) 4-iodopyrazole complexes. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2007;87:797–800. .
15. Netto, AVG, Frem, RCG, Mauro, AE, Crespi, MS, Zorel Júnior, HE. Synthesis, spectral and thermal studies on pyrazolate-bridged palladium(II) coordination polymeres. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2007;87:789–792. .
16. Takahashi, PM, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Frem, RGC. Thermal study of nickel(II) pyrazolyl complexes. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2005;79:335–338. .
17. Singhal, A, Mishra, R, Kulshreshtha, SK, Bernhardt, PV, Tieking, ERT. Dimeric allylpalladium(II) complexes with pyrazolate bridges: Synthesis, characterization, structure and thermal behavior. J Organomet Chem. 2006;691:1402–1410. .
18. Legendre, AO, Mauro, AE, Ferreira, JG, Ananias, SR, Santos, RHA, Netto, AVG. A 2D coordination polymer with brick-wall network topology based on the [Cu(NCS)2(pn)] monomer. Inorg Chem Commun. 2007;10:815–820. .
19. Stevanato, A, Mauro, AE, Netto, AVG. Thermal and spectroscopic investigation on N,N-dimethylbenzylamine based cyclopalladated compounds containing isonicotinamide. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009;97:149–152. .
20. Fernandes, RL, Takahashi, PM, Frem, RCG, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Matos, JR. Synthesis, spectral and thermal studies on dicarboxylate-bridged palladium(II) coordination polymers. Part I. J Therm Anal Calori. 2009;97:123–126. .
21. Fernandes, RL, Takahashi, PM, Frem, RCG, Netto, AVG, Mauro, AE, Matos, JR. Synthesis, spectral and thermal studies on dicarboxylate-bridged palladium(II) coordination polymers. Part II. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009;97:153–156. .
22. Reedijk, J, Windhorst, JCA, Van Ham, NRM, Groeneveld, WL. Pyrazoles and imidazoles as ligands. Part IX. Some adducts formed between Cu(II) salts and substituted pyrazoles. Rec Trav Chim. 1971;111:234–251.
23. Mighell, A, Santoro, A, Prince, E, Reimann, C. Neutron diffraction structure determination of dichlorotetrapyrazolecopper(II), Cu(C3H4N2)4Cl2. Acta Cryst. 1975;B31:2479–2482.
24. Sun, YJ, Cheng, P, Yan, SP, Liao, DZ, Jiang, ZH, Shen, PW. Synthesis, crystal structure and properties of copper(II) complexes with different axial ligands and substituted pyrazoles. J Mol Struct. 2001;597:191–198. .
25. Powder diffraction file alphabetic PDF-2 Data Base, File 41-0254. International Center for Diffraction Data, Newtown Square, PA; 1994.
26. Elguero, J. Pyrazoles and their benzo derivates Katritzky, AR, Rees, CW, eds. Comprehensive heterocyclic chemistry: the structure, reactions, synthesis and uses of heterocyclic compounds. New York: Pergamon Press; 1984 167–302.
27. Miskowski, VM, Thich, JA, Solomon, R, Shugar, HJ. Electronic spectra of substituted copper(II) thioether complexes. J Am Chem Soc. 1976;98:8344–8350. .
28. Lever, ABP. Inorganic electronic spectroscopy. 2 Amsterdam: Elsevier Science; 1986.