The purpose of this study was to investigate the polymorphism and compatibility of benznidazole (BNZ), a drug used in the treatment of Chagas disease. This drug was subjected to a polymorphic screen using a number of solvents and precipitation procedures to explore the possible existence of different crystal structures of BNZ. The compatibility of BNZ with selected pharmaceutical excipients was evaluated in binary mixtures, in a ratio of 1:1 (w/w). These results were then analyzed with a variety of techniques, including differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffractometry. No polymorphic forms of BNZ were detected despite some observed changes in the DSC profile. The thermal data indicate interaction of the drug with excipients hydroxyethylcellulose, polyethylene glycol, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin. Additional studies using infrared spectroscopy confirm the incompatibility of BNZ with only the polyethylene glycol. This excipient should not be used in the development of solid dosage forms containing BNZ.
1. Coura, JR, De Castro, SL. A critical review on chagas disease chemotherapy. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2002;97:3–24. .
2. Urbina, JA, Docampo, R. Specific chemotherapy of Chagas disease: controversies and advances. Trends Parasitol. 2003;19:495–501. .
3. Caldas, IS, Talvani, A, Caldas, S, Carneiro, CM, de Lana, M, da Matta Guedes, PM, Bahia, MT. Benznidazole therapy during acute phase of Chagas disease reduces parasite load but does not prevent chronic cardiac lesions. Parasitol Res. 2008;103:413–421. .
4. Urbina, JA. Ergosterol biosynthesis and drug development for Chagas disease. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2009;104:311–318. .
5. Raaflaub, J. Multiple-dose kinetics of the trypanosomicide benznidazole in man. Arzneimittelforschung. 1980;30:2192–2194.
6. Raaflaub, J, Ziegler, WH. Single-dose pharmacokinetics of the trypanosomicide benznidazole in man. Arzneimittelforschung. 1979;29:1611–1614.
7. Workman, P, White, RA, Walton, MI, Owen, LN, Twentyman, PR. Preclinical pharmacokinetics of benznidazole. Br J Cancer. 1984;50:291–303. .
8. Giron, D, Goldbronn, C. Use of DSC and TG for identification and quantification of the dosage form. J Thermal Anal Calorim. 1997;48:473–483. .
9. International Conference on Harmonization Q6A Guideline. Specifications for New Drug Substances and Products: Chemical Substances, 1999 October.
10. Bakar, MRA, Nagy, ZK, Rielly, CD. A combined approach of differential scanning calorimetry and hot-stage microscopy with image analysis in the investigation of sulfathiazole polymorphism. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2010;99:609–619. .
11. Jackson, K, Young, D, Pant, S. Drug–excipient interaction and their affect on absorption. Res Focus. 2000;3:336–345.
12. Bruni G , Berbenni V, Milanese C, Girella A, Marini A. Drug–excipient compatibility studies in binary and ternary mixtures by physico-chemical techniques. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009. .
13. Cunha-Filho, MSS, Martínez-Pacheco, R, Landín, M. Compatibility of the antitumoral beta-lapachone with different solid dosage forms excipients. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2007;45:590–598. .
14. Freire, FD, Aragão, CFS, Moura, TFAL, Raffin, FN. Compatibility study between chlorpropamide and excipients in their physical mixtures. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009;97:355–357. .
15. Chawla, G, Gupta, P, Thilagavathi, R, Chakraborti, AK, Bansal, AK. Characterization of solid-state forms of celecoxib. Eur J Pharm Sci. 2003;20:305–317. .
16. Soares-Sobrinho, JL, Cunha-Filho, MSS, Rolim Neto, PJ, Torres-Labandeira, JJ, Dacunha-Marinho, B. Benznidazole. Acta Cryst. 2008;E64:o634.
17. Loftsson, T, Duchêne, D. Cyclodextrins and their pharmaceutical applications. Int J Pharm. 2007;329:1–11. .