Recent work has described the preparation and characterization of the two complexes [Fe2(C10H8N2)4O(OH2)2](NO3)4 and [Co(C10H8N2)3]2[Co(OH2)6]·7(OH2) (NO3)8 in which both the nitrogen atoms of 2,2′-bipyridine are directly bonded with the metals. Their structures were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction at 296 K. Thermolysis of these complexes has been detailed by the use of TG–DTA and ignition delay measurements. Kinetics of thermal decomposition has also been established. Model free isoconversional and model fitting kinetic approaches have been applied to isothermal TG data for the decomposition of these complexes.
1. Singh, G, Pandey, DK. Studies on energetic compounds, Part 27: kinetics and mechanism of thermolysis of bis(ethylenediamine) metal nitrates and their role in the burning rate of solid propellants. Propellants Explos Pyro. 2003;28: 5 231–239. .
2. Singh, G, Prem Felix, S, Pandey, DK. Studies on energetic compounds part:37 kinetics of thermal decomposition of perchlorate complexes of some transition metals with ethylenediamine. Thermochim Acta. 2004;411:61–71. .
3. Singh, G, Pandey, DK. Studies on energetic compounds, part 35: kinetics of thermal decomposition of nitrate complexes of some transition metals with propylenediamine. Combust and Flame. 2003;135:135–141. .
4. Singh, G, Pandey, DK. Studies on energetic compounds, part 40: kinetics of thermal decomposition of bis (propylenediamine) metal perchlorate complexes. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2005;82:253–260. .
5. Singh, G, Singh, CP, Mannan, SM. Thermolysis of some transition metal nitrate complexes with 1,4-diaminobutane ligand. J Hazarad Mater. 2005;122:111–117. .
6. Singh, G, Singh, CP, Mannan, SM. Kinetics of thermolysis of some transition metal perchlorate complexes with 1,4-diaminobutane ligand. Thermochim Acta. 2005;437:21–25. .
7. Singh, G, Baranwal, BP, Kapoor, IPS, Kumar, D, Singh, CP, Frohlich, R. Preparation, X-ray crystallography and thermal decomposition of some transition metal nitrate complexes with hexamethylenetetramine. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008;91: 3 971–977. .
8. Singh, G, Baranwal, BP, Kapoor, IPS, Kumar, D, Frohlich, R. Preparation X- Ray crystallography and thermal decomposition of some transition metal perchlorate complexes with hexamethylenetetramine. J Phys Chem A. 2007;111:12972–12976. .
9. Singh, G, Singh, CP, Mannan, SM. Kinetics of thermolysis of some transition metal nitrate complexes with 1,6-diaminohexane ligand. J Hazarad Mater. 2006;A135:10–14. .
10. Fedoroff, BT, Sheffield, OE. In encyclopedia of explosives and related items. Dover: Picatinny Arsenal; 1966 F217–F223.
11. Frazer, JH, Hicks, BL. Thermal theory of ignition of solid propellants. J Phys Chem. 1950;54:872–876. .
12. Hicks, BL. Theory of ignition considered as a thermal reaction. J Chem Phys. 1954;22:414–420. .
13. Kubota N . Survey of rocket propellants and their combustion characteristics. In: Kuo KK, Summerfield M, editors. Fundamental of solid-propellants combustion, progress in Astronautics and Aeronautics, vol 90, Washington DC: AIAA; 1984. Chap 1.
14. Singh, G, Kapoor, IPS. Thermolysis of AP-additive mixtures III. J Energ Mater. 1993;11:293–310. .
15. Singh, G, Kapoor, IPS, Vasudeva, SK. Thermolysis of AP-PS-additive mixtures. Indian J Techn. 1991;29:589–594.
16. Singh, G, Singh, RR, Rai, AP, Kapoor, IPS. Thermolysis of AP-PS-additive mixtures I. J Therml Anal Calorim. 1990;36:2539–2546. .
17. Singh G , Shrimal AK, Kapoor IPS, Singh CP, Kumar D, Manan SM. Kinetics of thermolysis of some transition metal perchlorate complexes with 1,6-diaminohexane ligand. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2011;103:149–55.
18. Singh, G, Kapoor, IPS, Kumar, D, Singh, UP, Goel, N. Preparation X-ray crystallography and thermal decomposition of some transition metal perchlorate complexes with perchlorate and 2,2′-bipyridyl ligands. Inorg Chim Acta. 2009;362:4091–4098. .
19. Sheldrik, GM. Phase annealing in SHELX-90: direct methods for larger structures. Acta Cryst A. 1990;46:467–473. .
20. Sheldrick, GM. A short history of SHELX. Acta Cryst A. 2008;64:112–122. .
21. Klaus B . DIAMOND, version 1.2c; Bonn: University of Bonn; 1999.
22. Allen, FH. The Cambridge structural database: a quarter of a million crystal structures and rising. Acta Cryst. 2002;B58:380–388.
23. Singh, G, Singh, RR. Indigenously fabricated apparatus for thermogravimetric analysis. Res Ind. 1978;23:92–93.
24. Semenov N , Chemical kinetics and chain reactions. Oxford: Clarendon Press; 1935. Chap. 18.
25. Freeman, ES, Gorden, S. The application of the absolute rate theory of the ignition of propagatively reacting systems: thermal ignition of the system, lithium nitrate-magnesium, sodium nitrate-magnesium. J Phys Chem. 1956;60:867–871. .
26. Zinn, J, Rogers, RN. Thermal initiation of explosives. J Phys Chem. 1992;66:2646–2653. .
27. Singh, G, Kapoor, IPS. Kinetics of thermolysis of ring-substituted arylammonium nitrates. Combust Flame. 1993;92:283–291. .
28. Singh, G, Kapoor, IPS. Kinetics of thermolysis of ring-substituted arylammonium perchlorates. J Phys Chem. 1992;96:1215–1220. .
29. Nakamoto, K. Infrared and Raman spectra of inorganic and coordination compounds. New York: Wiley; 1978.
30. Carranza, J, Sletten, J, Lloret, F, Julve, M. Iron(III), chromium(III) and cobalt(II) complexes with squarate: synthesis, crystal structure and magnetic properties. Inorg Chim Acta. 2011;371:13–19. .
31. Zinn, J, Roger, RN. Thermal ignition of explosives. J Phys Chem. 1962;66:2646–2650. .
32. Brown ME , Dollimore D, Galway AK. Reactions in the solid state, comprehensive chemical kinetics, vol. 22. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1960; p. 1–340.
33. Kapoor, IPS, Srivastava, P, Singh, G, Singh, UP, Frohlich, R. Preparation, crystal structure and thermolysis of phenylenediammonium diperchlorate salts. J Phys Chem A. 2008;112:652–656. .
34. Vyazovkin, S. A unified approach to kinetic processing of non-isothermal data. Int J Chem Kinet. 1996;28:95–101. .
35. Vyazovkin, S, Wight, CA. Kinetics of thermal decomposition of cubic ammonium perchlorate. Chem Mater. 1999;11:3386–3393. .
36. Lang, AJ, Vyazovkin, S. Effect of pressure and sample type on decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Combust Flame. 2006;145:779–790. .
37. Vyazovkin, S, Wight, CA. Model-fitting approaches to kinetic analysis of isothermal and non-isothermal data. Thermochim Acta. 1999;340:53–68. .