Geopolymers
Inorganic polymeric new materials
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Xuehang Wu
Xuehang Wu
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Wenwei Wu
Wenwei Wu
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Xuemin Cui
Xuemin Cui
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Sen Liao
Sen Liao
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
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Abstract
The precursor of nanocrystalline BiFeO3 was obtained by solid-state reaction at low heat using Bi(NO3)3·5H2O, FeSO4·7H2O, and Na2CO3·10H2O as raw materials. The nanocrystalline BiFeO3 was obtained by calcining the precursor. The precursor and its calcined products were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The data showed that highly crystallization BiFeO3 with rhombohedral structure (space group R3c (161)) was obtained when the precursor was calcined at 873 K for 2 h. The thermal process of the precursor experienced three steps, which involve the dehydration of adsorption water, hydroxide, and decomposition of carbonates at first, and then crystallization of BiFeO3, and at last decomposition of BiFeO3 and formation of orthorhombic Bi2Fe4O9. The mechanism and kinetics of the crystallization process of BiFeO3 were studied using DSC and XRD techniques, the results show that activation energy of the crystallization process of BiFeO3 is 126.49 kJ mol−1, and the mechanism of crystallization process of BiFeO3 is the random nucleation and growth of nuclei reaction.
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| Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
1969 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
24 |
| Founder | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 1388-6150 (Print) |
| ISSN | 1588-2926 (Online) |
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Temperature dependence of the rate of reaction in thermal analysis
The Arrhenius equation in condensed phase kinetics
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