Geopolymers
Inorganic polymeric new materials
Author:
Authors:
,
, and
Liping Li
Liping Li
Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Preparation of Flame Retarded Materials, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Search for other papers by Liping Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Liping Li in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Qingwen Wang
Qingwen Wang
MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Search for other papers by Qingwen Wang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Qingwen Wang in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Chuigen Guo
Chuigen Guo
MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Search for other papers by Chuigen Guo in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Chuigen Guo in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Abstract
Wood flour/polypropylene composites (WPC) were prepared by melt extruding with different wood flour (WF) loadings. The non-isothermal crystallization and melting was studied with different WF loadings, for W40P60 and W40P60M6, the melting was investigated after non-isothermal and isothermal crystalline. Comparing with neat polypropylene, the melting behavior of the composites, both non-isothermally and isothermally, was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that WF was an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent, as evidenced by an increase in the crystallization temperature and the crystallinity for melt crystallization of PP with increasing WF content. For the non-isothermal samples, the origins of the double melting behaviors were discussed, based on the DSC results of PP. The XRD measurements confirmed that no crystalline transition existed during the non-isothermal crystallization process. With m-TMI-g-PP adding, due to compatibilization phenomenon were probably responsible for decreasing Tm, Xc. In the DSC scan after isothermal crystallization process, the single melting behaviors were found and each melting endotherm had a different origin.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1. Bledzki, AK, Gassan, J. Composites reinforced with cellulose based fibres. Prog Polym Sci. 1999;24:221–274. .
-
2. Ng, ZS, Simon, LC, Elkamel, A. Renewable agricultural fibres as reinforcing fillers in plastics. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009;96:85–90. .
-
3. Pracella, M, Chionna, D, Anguillesi, I, Kulinski, Z, Piorkowska, E. Functionalization, compatibilization and properties of polypropylene composites with hemp fibres. Compos Sci Technol. 2006;66:2218–2230. .
-
4. Karnani, R, Krishnan, M, Narayan, R. Biofibre-reinforced polypropylene composites. Polym Eng Sci. 1997;37:476–483. .
-
5. Bledzki, AK, Letman, M, Viksne, A, Rence, L. A comparison of compounding processes and wood type for wood fibre–PP composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2005;36:789–797. .
-
6. Sombatsompop, N, Yotinwattanakumtorn, C, Thongpin, C. Influence of type and concentration of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene and impact modifiers on mechanical properties of PP/wood sawdust composites. J Appl Polym Sci. 2005;97:475–484. .
-
7. Renner, K, Móczó, J, Pukánszky, B. Deformation and failure of PP composites reinforced with lignocellulosic fibers: effect of inherent strength of the particles. Compos Sci Technol. 2009;69:1653–1659. .
-
8. Hristov, V, Vasileva, S. Dynamic mechanical and thermal properties of modified poly(propylene) wood fiber composites. Macromol Mater Eng. 2003;288:798–806. .
-
9. Dányádi, L, Janecska, T, Szabó, Z, et al. Wood flour filled PP composites: compatibilization and adhesion. Compos Sci Technol. 2007;67:2838–2846. .
-
10. Felix, JM, Gatenholm, P. The nature of adhesion in composites of modified cellulose fibers and polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci. 1991;42:609–620. .
-
11. Kazayawoko, M, Balatinecz, JJ, Matuana, LM. Surface modification and adhesion mechanisms in wood fibre–polypropylene composites. J Mater Sci. 1999;34:6189–6199. .
-
12. Zafeiropoulos, NE, Williams, DR, Baillie, CA. Engineering and characterisation of the interface in flax fibre/polypropylene composite materials. Part I. Development and investigation of surface treatments. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2002;33:1083–1093. .
-
13. Dányádi, L, Móczó, J, Pukánszky, B. Effect of various surface modifications of wood flour on the properties of PP/wood composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2010;41:199–206. .
-
14. Lu, JZ, Wu, Q, Mcnabb, HS. Chemical coupling in wood fibre and polymer composites: a review of coupling agents and treatments. Wood Sci Technol. 2000;32:88–104.
-
15. Gramlich, WM, Gardner, DJ, Neivandt, JD. Surface treatments of wood–plastic composites (WPCs) to improve adhesion. J Adhes Sci Technol. 2006;20:1873–1887. .
-
16. Kim, H-S, Lee, B-H, Choi, S-W, Kim, S, Kim, H-J. The effect of types of maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene(MAPP) on the interfacial adhesion properties of bio-flour-filled polypropylene composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2007;38:1473–1482. .
-
17. Bullions, TA, Gillespie, RA, Price-O’Brien, J, et al. The effect of maleic anhydride modified polypropylene on the mechanical properties of feather fiber, kraft pulp, polypropylene composites. J Appl Polym Sci. 2004;92: 6 3771–3783. .
-
18. Qiu, WL, Takashi, E, Takahiro, H. Interfacial interaction, morphology, and tensile properties of a composite of highly crystalline cellulose and maleated polypropylene. J Appl Polym Sci. 2006;102:3830–3841. .
-
19. Carlborn, K, Matuana, LM. Functionalization of wood particles through a reactive extrusion process. J Appl Polym Sci. 2006;101:3131–3142. .
-
20. Qiu, WL, Zhang, FR, Endo, T, et al. Isocyanate as a compatibilizing agent on the properties of highly crystalline cellulose/polypropylene composites. J Mater Sci. 2005;40:3607–3614. .
-
21. Karmarkar, A, Chauhan, SS, Jayant, M, et al. Mechanical properties of wood–fiber reinforced polypropylene composites: effect of a novel compatibilizer with isocyanate functional group. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2007;38:227–233. .
-
22. Guo, CG, Wang, QW. Influence of m-isopropenyl-α, α-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate grafted polypropylene on the interfacial interaction of wood-flour/polypropylene composites. J Appl Polym Sci. 2008;5:3080–3086. .
-
23. Ryszard, K, Maria, WP. Flammability and fire resistance of composites reinforced by natural fibers. Polym Adv Technol. 2008;19:446–453. .
-
24. Bouza, R, Marco, C, Ellis, G, Martín, Z, Gómez, MA, Barral, L. Analysis of the isothermal crystallization of polypropylene/wood flour composites. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2008;94: 1 119–127. .
-
25. Borysiak, S. A study of transcrystallinity in polypropylene in the presence of wood irradiated with gamma rays. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2010;101:439–445. .
-
26. Mantia, FPL, Morreale, M. Accelerated weathering of polypropylene/wood flour composites. Polym Degrad Stabil. 2008;93:1252–1258. .
-
27. Ma LC , Li LP, Guo CG. Influence of m-isopropenyl-α, α-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate and styrene on non-isothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene. J Therm Anal Calorim. 2010;101(3):1101–9.
-
28. Maity, J, Jacob, C, Das, CK, et al. Direct fluorination of Twaron fiber and the mechanical, thermal and crystallization behaviour of short Twaron fiber reinforced polypropylene composites. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2008;39:825–833. .
-
29. Svoboda, P, Svobodova, D, Slobodian, P, et al. Crystallization kinetics of polypropylene/ethylene–octene copolymer blends. Polym Test. 2009;28:215–222. .
-
30. Razavi-Nouri, M, Ghorbanzadeh-Ahangari, M, Fereidoon, A, et al. Effect of carbon nanotubes content on crystallization kinetics and morphology of polypropylene. Polym Test. 2009;28:46–52. .
-
31. Karger-Kocsis, J. Polypropylene structure, blends and composites. London: Chapman and Hall; 1995 .
-
32. Arbelaiz, A, Fernandez, B, Ramos, JA, et al. Thermal and crystallization studies of short flax fibre reinforced polypropylene matrix composites: effect of treatments. Thermochim Acta. 2006;440:111–121. .
-
33. Zafeiropoulos, NE, Baillie, CA, Matthews, FL. A study of transcrystallinity and its effect on the interface in flax fibre reinforced composite materials. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf. 2001;32:525–543. .
-
34. Girone`s, J, Pimenta, MTB, Vilaseca, F, et al. Blocked diisocyanates as reactive coupling agents: application to pine fiber–polypropylene composites. Carbohydr Polym. 2008;74:106–113. .
-
35. Pracella, M, Chionna, D, Anguillesi, I, Kulinski, Z, Piorkowska, E. Functionalization, compatibilization and properties of polypropylene composites with hemp fibres. Compos Sci Technol. 2006;66:2218–2230. .
-
36. Acha, BA, Reboredo, MM, Marcovich, NE. Effect of coupling agents on the thermal and mechanical properties of polypropylene–jute fabric composites. Polym Int. 2006;55: 9 1104–1113. .
-
37. Devaux, E, Gérard, JF, Bourgin, P, Chabert, B. Two-dimensional simulation of crystalline growth fronts in a polypropylene/glass–fibre composite depending on processing conditions. Compos Sci Technol. 1993;48:199–203. .
-
38. Brandrup, J, Immergut, EH. Polymer handbook. 2 New York: Wiley-Interscience; 1975 241–265.
-
39. Monasse, B, Haudin, JM. Growth transition and morphology change in polypropylene. Colloid Polym Sci. 1985;263:822–831. .
-
40. Ke, Y, Long, CF, Qi, ZN. Crystallization, properties, and crystal and nanoscale morphology of PET–clay nanocomposites. J Appl Polym Sci. 1999;71:1139–1146. .
-
41. Supaphol, P, Thanomkiat, P, Junkasem, J, Dangtungee, R. Non-isothermal melt-crystallization and mechanical properties of titanium(IV) oxide nanoparticle-filled isotactic polypropylene. Polym Test. 2007;26:20–37. .
-
42. Huang, YP, Chen, GM, Yao, Z, Li, HW, Wu, Y. Non-isothermal crystallization behavior of polypropylene with nucleating agents and nano-calcium carbonate. Eur Polym J. 2005;41:2753–2760. .
To see the editorial board, please visit the website of Springer Nature.
Manuscript Submission: HERE
For subscription options, please visit the website of Springer Nature.
| Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
1969 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
24 |
| Founder | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 1388-6150 (Print) |
| ISSN | 1588-2926 (Online) |
Monthly Content Usage
| Abstract Views | Full Text Views | PDF Downloads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 2024 | 19 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 2024 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 2024 | 36 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 2024 | 34 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 2024 | 191 | 0 | 0 |
| Nov 2024 | 47 | 0 | 0 |
| Dec 2024 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
Temperature dependence of the rate of reaction in thermal analysis
The Arrhenius equation in condensed phase kinetics
Author:
Copyright Akadémiai Kiadó AKJournals is the trademark of Akadémiai Kiadó's journal publishing business branch.
Powered by PubFactory