The changes in the structure of potassium nitrate have been studied by differential thermal analysis. The samples were heated and cooled in a stream of dry nitrogen, at atmospheric pressure. On cooling, the following transformations have been observed: I → III→ II. The exothermic peak corresponding to the I → III transformation appeared at 118–120° with good reproducibility. Surface area measurements show the complete reversibility already observed by Mazières for the I → III transformation. The III → I and the II → I processes take place at the same temperature (127–130°), but the peak corresponding to the III → I change is of lower intensity, representing only 51.5% of that of the peak belonging to the II → I transition. If the enthalpy change belonging to process II → I,ΔH=13.2 cal/g, that belonging to transition III → I,ΔH=6.8±0.2 cal/g. Transformation III → II proceeds in two steps and is greatly influenced by the preceding heat treatment of phase I.