Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Volume/Issue:
Volume 47: Issue 6
Thermal stability of the crystallisation nucleant
2,4,6 trinitrotoluene, TNT, and 2,2',4,4',6,6'hexanitrostilbene, HNS
Authors:
A. Aziz Environment and Chemical Systems Department, School of Engineering and Applied Science Cranfield University, Royal Military College of Science Shrivenham SN6 8LA Swindon Wiltshire UK

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M. Cartwright Environment and Chemical Systems Department, School of Engineering and Applied Science Cranfield University, Royal Military College of Science Shrivenham SN6 8LA Swindon Wiltshire UK

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C. J. Hill Environment and Chemical Systems Department, School of Engineering and Applied Science Cranfield University, Royal Military College of Science Shrivenham SN6 8LA Swindon Wiltshire UK

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Pages:
1617–1628
Online Publication Date:
02 Aug 2005
Publication Date:
01 Dec 1996
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01980908
Keywords:
crystallisation nucleant; HNS; TNT
Restricted access

The 2,2',4,4',6,6'hexanitrostilbene, HNS, nucleant, used in the crystallisation of 2,4,6,trinitrotoluene, TNT, was precipitated from molten TNT and examined by differential scanning calorimetry, DSC, at several stages during purification by vacuum sublimation. During purification a broad endotherm, associated with nucleant decomposition, which could be resolved into two endotherms, depending on the sublimation temperature, was observed. Pure nucleant prepared at 70‡C showed a similar behaviour during thermal annealing for extended periods of time at >85‡C. Thus TNT, retained in the recrystallised HNS nucleant, may be migrating during the purification process or may occupy a range of lattice sites, which exhibit different activation energies for migration to the surface of the solid during thermal decomposition of the nucleant. Loss of TNT from the nucleant, during purification, could produce some free HNS. The activation energy for nucleant decomposition, which may be a two-stage processes with the initial mobility of the TNT being the limiting reaction, was estimated to be ∼210 kJ mol−. The lattice sites available for the TNT in the host HNS nucleant require elucidation and are the subject of further studies to be published at a later date.

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Cover Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Print ISSN:
1388-6150
Online ISSN:
1572-8943

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Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
Language English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 1969
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 24
Founder Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 1388-6150 (Print)
ISSN 1588-2926 (Online)

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