Geopolymers
Inorganic polymeric new materials
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Mohammad Fares
Mohammad Fares
Jordan University of Science & Technology Department of Applied Chemistry P.O. Box 3030 22110 Irbid Jordan
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Adeeb El-faqeeh
Adeeb El-faqeeh
Jordan University of Science & Technology Department of Applied Chemistry P.O. Box 3030 22110 Irbid Jordan
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Hasan Ghanem
Hasan Ghanem
Jordan University of Science & Technology Department of Applied Physics P.O. Box 3030 22110 Irbid Jordan
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Mohammad Osman
Mohammad Osman
Sudan University of Science & Technology Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 857 Khartoum Sudan
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Elfatih Hassan
Elfatih Hassan
Sudan University of Science & Technology Department of Chemistry P.O. Box 857 Khartoum Sudan
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Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and hydrogel properties of starch-g-(tert-butylacrylate) and starch-g-(n-butylacrylate) copolymers were studied. The optimum conditions for the grafting process of tert-butylacrylate into 1.0 g of starch were as follows: [tert-butylacrylate] = 0.04 mol/L, [CAN] = 9.0 × 10−4 mol/L, temperature = 20 °C in 100 mL solution, whereas the results using n-butylacrylate monomer were as follows: [n-butylacrylate] = 0.04 mol/L, [CAN] = 4.0 × 10−3 mol/L, temperature = 30 °C in 100 mL solution. The grafting evidences of monomers into starch were done through TG and its derivative DTG for thermal changes and mass losses, scanning electron microscope (SEM) for morphological changes, powder X-ray for crystallinity measurements and FTIR for functional group changes. Acid hydrolysis method was used efficiently to allow the calculations of the viscosity average molecular weight (Mv) of the grafted chains on starch and consequently the real percent of grafting efficiency (i.e. %GY). The capability of starch-g-(n-BAC) hydrogel to absorb water were found 10 times more than starch-g-(tert-BAC) hydrogel, which were clarified through the X-ray and SEM results.
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| Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
1969 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
24 |
| Founder | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 1388-6150 (Print) |
| ISSN | 1588-2926 (Online) |
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Temperature dependence of the rate of reaction in thermal analysis
The Arrhenius equation in condensed phase kinetics
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