Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
Volume/Issue:
Volume 106: Issue 1
Synthesis of levulinic acid from fructose using Amberlyst-15 as a solid acid catalyst
Authors:
Pham Anh Son School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan

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Shun Nishimura School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan

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Kohki Ebitani School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa, 923-1292, Japan

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Pages:
185–192
Online Publication Date:
17 Mar 2012
Publication Date:
01 Jun 2012
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11144-012-0429-1
Restricted access

Abstract

Levulinic acid was obtained from fructose over solid acid catalysts under mild reaction conditions in water. The reaction was carried out at different temperatures and amounts of catalysts to find the best reaction conditions. Among tested heterogeneous catalysts, Amberlyst-15 gave the highest LA yield (52%) with the lowest HMF yield (below 3%) under optimum conditions. Levulinic acid was isolated from the mixture after reaction by rotary vacuum evaporator with 47% isolated yield. The recycling experiments showed that Amberlyst-15 exhibited good activity even after 5 runs, though the LA yield gradually decreased from 52 to 30%.

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Cover Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
Print ISSN:
1878-5190
Online ISSN:
1878-5204

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Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis
Language English
Size B5
Year of
Foundation		 1974
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 6
Founder Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 1878-5190 (Print)
ISSN 1878-5204 (Online)

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