Carbothermally reduced and nitrided Ta2O5 powder at varying temperature (680–760 °C) in flowing NH3 facilitated both nitrogen doping and the formation of the traces of TaON and Ta3N5 to a greater degree than the simply NH3-heat-treated Ta2O5. It demonstrated an enhanced visible-light absorption, an enhanced surface adsorption of rhodamine B molecules in the dark, and subsequently an improved visible-light photocatalytic activity to decompose rhodamine B in aqueous solution (via mainly surface photosensitization), as compared to the simply nitrided counterpart in NH3 atmosphere. The carbothermal reduction followed by the NH3-treatment (nitridation) is proven to be an efficient way to improve the degree of nitridation at a given temperature. The product of such process can be an efficient visible light photocatalyst.
1. Irie, H, Watanabe, Y, Hashimoto, K 2003 Nitrogen-concentration dependence on photocatalytic activity of TiO2-xNx powders. J Phys Chem B 107:5483–5486 .
2. Murase, T, Irie, H, Hashimoto, K 2004 Visible light sensitive photocatalysts, nitrogen-doped Ta2O5 powders. J Phys Chem B 108:15803–15807 .
3. Bae, S-T, Shin, H, Lee, S, Kim, DW, Jung, HS, Hong, KS 2012 Visible-light photocatalytic activity of NH3-heat-treated Ta2O5 to decompose rhodamine B in aqueous solution. Reac Kinet Mech Cat 106:67–81 .
4. Chun, WJ, Ishikawa, A, Fujisawa, H, Takata, T, Kondo, JN, Hara, M, Kawai, M, Matsumoto, Y, Domen, K 2003 Conduction and valence band positions of Ta2O5, TaON, and Ta3N5 by UPS and electrochemical methods. J Phys Chem B 107:1798–1803 .
5. Kominami, H, Miyakawa, M, Murakami, SY, Yasuda, T, Kohno, M, Onoue, SI, Kera, Y, Ohtani, B 2001 Solvothermal synthesis of tantalum (V) oxide nanoparticles and their photocatalytic activities in aqueous suspension systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 3:2697–2703 .
6. Hara, M, Takata, T, Kondo, JN, Domen, K 2004 Photocatalytic reduction of water by TaON under visible light irradiation. Catal Today 90:313–317 .
7. Hitoki, G, Takata, T, Kondo, JN, Hara, M, Kobayashi, H, Domen, K 2002 An oxynitride, TaON, as an efficient water oxidation photocatalyst under visible light irradiation (λ < 500 nm). Chem Commun 16:1698–1699 .
8. Hitoki, G, Ishikawa, A, Takata, T, Kondo, JN, Hara, M, Domen, K 2002 Ta3N5 as a novel visible light-driven photocatalyst (λ < 600 nm). Chem Lett 7:736–737 .
9. Wu, T, Liu, G, Zhao, J, Hidaka, H, Serpone, N 1998 Photo assisted degradation of dye pollutants. V. Self-photosensitized oxidative transformation of rhodamine B under visible light irradiation in aqueous TiO2 dispersions. J Phys Chem B 102:5845–5851 .
10. Li, X, Ye, J 2007 Photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B over Pb3Nb4O13/fumed SiO2 composite under visible light irradiation. J Phys Chem C 111:13109–13116 .