1 GARFIELD, E. The unintended and unanticipated consequences of Robert K. Merton, Social Studies of Science, In press.

1 GARFIELD, E. The unintended and unanticipated consequences of Robert K. Merton, Social Studies of Science, In press.)| false
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2a ) MERTON R. K., The role of genius in scientific advance, New Scientist, 259 (November 2, 1961) 306–308.

2a ) MERTONR. K., The role of genius in scientific advance, New Scientist, 259 (November 2, 1961) 306–308.)| false
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2b ) Merton's work on multiples is more fully discussed that year. In: MERTON R. K., Singletons and multiples in scientific discovery, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 105 (5) (1961) 170–186. Reprinted in The Sociology of Science. Theoretical and Empirical Investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973, pp. 343-370.

2b ) Merton's work on multiples is more fully discussed that year. In: MERTON R. K., Singletons and multiples in scientific discovery, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 105 (5) (1961) 170–186. Reprinted in The Sociology of Science. Theoretical and Empirical Investigations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1973, pp. 343-370.)| false
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3 GARFIELD, E, SHER, I. H., ISI's experiences with ASCA - A selective dissemination system. Journal of Chemical Documentation, 7 (3) (1967) L147-153. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, pp. 533-539 (1984), http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p533y1983.pdf.

3 GARFIELD, E, SHER, I. H., ISI's experiences with ASCA - A selective dissemination system. Journal of Chemical Documentation, 7 (3) (1967) L147-153. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, pp. 533-539 (1984), http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p533y1983.pdf.)| false
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4 GARFIELD, E., Random thoughts on Citationology. Its theory and practice. Scientometrics, 43 (1) (1998) 69–76.

4 GARFIELD, E., Random thoughts on Citationology. Its theory and practice. Scientometrics, 43 (1) (1998) 69–76.)| false
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5 SMITH, J. F., Systematic serendipity. Chemical & Engineering News, 42 (35) (1964) 55–56.

5 SMITH, J. F., Systematic serendipity. Chemical & Engineering News, 42 (35) (1964) 55–56.)| false
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6 From HistCite file found at: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton-rk_cited-in-2002/.

6 From HistCite file found at: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton-rk_cited-in-2002/.)| false
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7 MERTON, R. K., BARBERT, E. G., The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity: A Study in Historical Semantics and the Sociology of Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.

7 MERTON, R. K., BARBERT, E. G., The Travels and Adventures of Serendipity: A Study in Historical Semantics and the Sociology of Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2004.)| false
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8 MERTON, R. K., BARBERT, E. G., Viaggi e avventure della Serendipity. Saggio di semantica sociologica e di sociologia della scienza, Bologna: il Mulino, 2002.

8 MERTON, R. K., BARBERT, E. G., Viaggi e avventure della Serendipity. Saggio di semantica sociologica e di sociologia della scienza, Bologna: il Mulino, 2002.)| false
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9 FOSTER, A., FORD, N., Serendipity and information seeking: An empirical study. Journal of Documentation, 59 (3) (2003) 321–340.

9 FOSTER, A., FORD, N., Serendipity and information seeking: An empirical study. Journal of Documentation, 59 (3) (2003) 321–340.)| false
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10 FAIRFIELD, R. P., The implications of pageless documentation (3: 1939–1979). Chronicle of Higher Education, (1982) p. 24. Reprinted in GARFIELD, E., Pageless documentation: or, what a difference a page makes, Current Contents, No. 17, (April 29, 1985) 3-6. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 8, 1986, pp. 160-163. Both available at:http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v8p160y1985.pdf.

10 FAIRFIELD, R. P., The implications of pageless documentation (3: 1939–1979). Chronicle of Higher Education, (1982) p. 24. Reprinted in GARFIELD, E., Pageless documentation: or, what a difference a page makes, Current Contents, No. 17, (April 29, 1985) 3-6. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 8, 1986, pp. 160-163. Both available at:http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v8p160y1985.pdf.)| false
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11 MERTON, R. K., Letter to the Editor. Scientometrics, 35 (2) (1996) 3.

11 MERTON, R. K., Letter to the Editor. Scientometrics, 35 (2) (1996) 3.)| false
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12 OTLET, P., Traité de Documentation: le Livre sur le Livre, Theéorie et pratique Brussels: Editiones Mundaneum, 1934.

12 OTLET, P., Traité de Documentation: le Livre sur le Livre, Theéorie et pratiqueBrussels: Editiones Mundaneum, 1934.)| false
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13 See Ronald Rousseau's Timeline of Bibliometrics at: http://users.pandora.be/ronald.rousseau/html/time_table_of_bibliometrics.html.

13 See Ronald Rousseau's Timeline of Bibliometrics at: http://users.pandora.be/ronald.rousseau/html/time_table_of_bibliometrics.html.)| false
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14 PRITCHARD, A., Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25 (4) (1969) 348–349.

14 PRITCHARD, A., Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25 (4) (1969) 348–349.)| false
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15 COLE, F. J., EAMES, N. B., The history of comparative anatomy: A statistical analysis of the literature, Science Progress, 11 (1917) 578–596.

15 COLE, F. J., EAMES, N. B., The history of comparative anatomy: A statistical analysis of the literature, Science Progress, 11 (1917) 578–596.)| false
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16 HULME, E. W., Statistical Bibliography in Relation to the Growth of Modern Civilization. London: Butler & Tanner, Grafton, 1923.

16 HULME, E. W., Statistical Bibliography in Relation to the Growth of Modern Civilization. London: Butler & Tanner, Grafton, 1923.)| false
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17 LOTKA, A. J., The frequency distribution of scientific productivity. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 16 (1926) 317–323.

17 LOTKA, A. J., The frequency distribution of scientific productivity. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 16 (1926) 317–323.)| false
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18 GROSS, P. L. K., GROSS, E. M., College libraries and chemical education. Science, 66 (1927) 385–389. E. GARFIELD: The intended consequences of Robert K. Merton 60 Scientometrics 60 (2004).

18 GROSS, P. L. K., GROSS, E. M., College libraries and chemical education. Science, 66 (1927) 385–389. E. GARFIELD: The intended consequences of Robert K. Merton 60 Scientometrics 60 (2004).)| false
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19 THACKRAY, A., Measurement in the historiography of science, In: Toward a Metric of Science: The Advent of Science Indicators, Y. ELKANA, J. LEDERBERG, R. K. MERTON, A. THACKRAY, H. ZUCKERMAN (Eds), New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978, pp. 11–30.

19 THACKRAY, A., Measurement in the historiography of science, In: Toward a Metric of Science: The Advent of Science Indicators, Y.ELKANA, J.LEDERBERG, R. K.MERTON, A.THACKRAY, H.ZUCKERMAN (Eds), New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1978, pp. 11–30.)| false
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20 BERNAL, J. D., The Social Function of Science. New York: Macmillan, 1939.

20 BERNAL, J. D., The Social Function of Science. New York: Macmillan, 1939.)| false
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21 GOLDSMITH, M., Sage: A Life of J. D. Bernal. London: Hutchinson, 1980.

21 GOLDSMITH, M., Sage: A Life of J. D. Bernal. London: Hutchinson, 1980.)| false
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22 GARFIELD, E., J. D. Bernal - The sage of Cambridge. 4S award memorializes his contributions to the social studies of science, Current Contents, No. 19 (May 10, 1982), 5–17. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 5, 1983, pp. 511-523. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v5p511y1981-82.pdf.

22 GARFIELD, E., J. D.Bernal - The sage of Cambridge. 4S award memorializes his contributions to the social studies of science, Current Contents, No. 19 (May 10, 1982), 5–17. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 5, 1983, pp. 511-523. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v5p511y1981-82.pdf.)| false
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23 NALIMOV, V. V., MUL'CHENKO, Z. M., Naukometnriya. Izuchenie Nauki Kak Informatsionnogo Protsessa, (Scientometrics, Study of Science as an Information Process.) Moscow: Nauka, 1969, (The book is available in English on microfilm: Measurement of Science. Study of the Development of Science as an Information Process. Washington DC: Foreign Technology Division, U.S. Air Force Systems Command, October 13, 1971.) http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/nalimov/measurementofscience/book.pdf.

23 NALIMOV, V. V., MUL'CHENKO, Z. M., Naukometnriya. Izuchenie Nauki Kak Informatsionnogo Protsessa, (Scientometrics, Study of Science as an Information Process.)Moscow: Nauka, 1969, (The book is available in English on microfilm: Measurement of Science. Study of the Development of Science as an Information Process. Washington DC: Foreign Technology Division, U.S. Air Force Systems Command, October 13, 1971.) http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/nalimov/measurementofscience/book.pdf.)| false
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24 ANONYMOUS, Scientometrics and bibliometrics - IDIS-Conference, January 1976. International Classification, 3 (1) (1976) 35.

24 ANONYMOUS, Scientometrics and bibliometrics - IDIS-Conference, January 1976. International Classification, 3 (1) (1976) 35.)| false
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25 a) PRICE, D., GURSEY, S., Studies in scientometrics. 1. Transience and continuance in scientific authorship. International Forum on Information and Documentation, 1 (2) (1976) 17–24. a) PRICE, D., GURSEY, S., Studies in scientometrics. 2. Relation between source author and cited author populations, International Forum on Information and Documentation, 1 (3) (1976) 19–22.

25 a) PRICE, D., GURSEY, S., Studies in scientometrics. 1. Transience and continuance in scientific authorship. International Forum on Information and Documentation, 1 (2) (1976) 17–24. a) PRICE, D., GURSEY, S., Studies in scientometrics. 2. Relation between source author and cited author populations, International Forum on Information and Documentation, 1 (3) (1976) 19–22.)| false
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26 PRICE, D. J. D., Science Since Babylon, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1961.

26 PRICE, D. J. D., Science Since Babylon, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1961.)| false
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27 PRICE, D. J. D., Little Science, Big Science. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.

27 PRICE, D. J. D., Little Science, Big Science. New York: Columbia University Press, 1963.)| false
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28 COLE, J., ZUCKERMAN, H., The emergence of a scientific specialty: The self-exemplifying case of the sociology of science, In: The Idea of Social Structures: Papers in Honor of Robert K. Merton, L. COSER (Ed.), New York: Harcourt & Brace, (1975) pp. 139–174.

28 COLE, J., ZUCKERMAN, H., The emergence of a scientific specialty: The self-exemplifying case of the sociology of science, In: The Idea of Social Structures: Papers in Honor of Robert K. Merton, L.COSER (Ed.), New York: Harcourt & Brace, (1975) pp. 139–174.)| false
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29 MERTON, R. K., The Sociology of Science - An Episodic Memoir. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1977.

29 MERTON, R. K., The Sociology of Science - An Episodic Memoir. Carbondale and Edwardsville: Southern Illinois University Press, 1977.)| false
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30 PRICE, D. J. D., Little Science, Big Science…and Beyond. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.

30 PRICE, D. J. D., Little Science, Big Science…and Beyond. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986.)| false
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31 MERTON, R. K., GARFIELD, E., Foreword to: PRICE D. J. D. Little Science, Big Science…and Beyond. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986, pp. vii–xiii.

31 MERTON, R. K., GARFIELD, E., Foreword to: PRICE D. J. D. Little Science, Big Science…and Beyond. New York: Columbia University Press, 1986, pp. vii–xiii.)| false
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32 GARFIELD, E., Citation measures of the influence of Robert K. Merton, In: T. F. GIERYN (Ed.), Science and Social Structure: Festschrift for Robert K. Merton, Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Series II, 39 (2712) (1980) 61–74. Reprinted in: GARFIELD, E., Robert K. Merton - Author and Editor. Part 1, Current Contents, No. 39 (September 26, 1983) 5-11. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, 1984, pp. 312-318. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p312y1983.pdf and GARFIELD, E., Robert K. Merton - Author and Editor. Part 2, Current Contents, No. 40 (October 1, 1983) 5-15. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, 1984, pp. 319-329. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p319y1983.pdf.

32 GARFIELD, E., Citation measures of the influence of Robert K. Merton, In: T. F.GIERYN (Ed.), Science and Social Structure: Festschrift for Robert K. Merton, Transactions of the New York Academy of Sciences, Series II, 39 (2712) (1980) 61–74. Reprinted in: GARFIELD, E., Robert K. Merton - Author and Editor. Part 1, Current Contents, No. 39 (September 26, 1983) 5-11. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, 1984, pp. 312-318. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p312y1983.pdf and GARFIELD, E., Robert K. Merton - Author and Editor. Part 2, Current Contents, No. 40 (October 1, 1983) 5-15. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 6, 1984, pp. 319-329. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v6p319y1983.pdf.)| false
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33 LAWRENCE, S., GILES, C. L., BOLLACKER, K., Digital libraries and autonomous citation indexing. IEEE Computer, 32 (6) (1999) 67–71.

33 LAWRENCE, S., GILES, C. L., BOLLACKER, K., Digital libraries and autonomous citation indexing. IEEE Computer, 32 (6) (1999) 67–71.)| false
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34 http://ideas.repec.org/e/pkr1.html.

35 GARFIELD, E., Will ISI's Arts & Humanities Citation Index revolutionize scholarship? Current Contents, No. 32 (August 8, 1977) 5–9. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientists, Volume 3, 1980, pp. 204-208. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p204y1977-78.pdf.

35 GARFIELD, E., Will ISI's Arts & Humanities Citation Index revolutionize scholarship? Current Contents, No. 32 (August 8, 1977) 5–9. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientists, Volume 3, 1980, pp. 204-208. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p204y1977-78.pdf.)| false
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36 a) BRAUN, T., SCHUBERT, A., SCHUBERT, G., The most cited books in analytical chemistry. Analytical Chemistry, 73 (23) (2001) 667A–669A.

36 a) BRAUN, T., SCHUBERT, A., SCHUBERT, G., The most cited books in analytical chemistry. Analytical Chemistry, 73 (23) (2001) 667A–669A.)| false
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00 b) GARFIELD, E., A core research library for developing graduate schools - the 100 books most-cited by researchers, Current Contents, No. 1 (January 2, 1974) 5–9. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 2, 1977, pp. 1-5. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v2p001y1974-76.pdf E. GARFIELD: The intended consequences of Robert K. Merton Scientometrics 60 (2004) 61.

00 b) GARFIELD, E., A core research library for developing graduate schools - the 100 books most-cited by researchers, Current Contents, No. 1 (January 2, 1974) 5–9. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 2, 1977, pp. 1-5. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v2p001y1974-76.pdf E. GARFIELD: The intended consequences of Robert K. Merton Scientometrics 60 (2004) 61.)| false
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00 c) GARFIELD, E., The 100 most-cited books in the CompuMath Citation Index, 1976-1980, Current Contents, No. 34 (August 20, 1984) 3–8. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 7, 1985, pp. 264-269. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v7p264y1984.pdf.

00 c) GARFIELD, E., The 100 most-cited books in the CompuMath Citation Index, 1976-1980, Current Contents, No. 34 (August 20, 1984) 3–8. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 7, 1985, pp. 264-269. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v7p264y1984.pdf.)| false
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00 d) GARFIELD, E., The 100 books most cited by social scientists, 1969-1977, Current Contents, No. 37 (September 11, 1978) 5–16. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 3, 1980, pp. 621-632. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p621y1977-78.pdf.

00 d) GARFIELD, E., The 100 books most cited by social scientists, 1969-1977, Current Contents, No. 37 (September 11, 1978) 5–16. Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 3, 1980, pp. 621-632. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p621y1977-78.pdf.)| false
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00 e) GARFIELD, E., A different sort of great-books list: The 50 twentieth-century works most cited in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index, 1976-1983, Current Contents, No. 16 (April 20, 1987). Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 10, 1989, p. 101. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p621y1977-78.pdf.

00 e) GARFIELD, E., A different sort of great-books list: The 50 twentieth-century works most cited in the Arts & Humanities Citation Index, 1976-1983, Current Contents, No. 16 (April 20, 1987). Reprinted in Essays of an Information Scientist, Volume 10, 1989, p. 101. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/essays/v3p621y1977-78.pdf.)| false
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37 MERTON, R. K., Science, Technology & Society in Seventeenth-Century England. New York: Howard Ferrig, Inc., (1970).

37 MERTON, R. K., Science, Technology & Society in Seventeenth-Century England. New York: Howard Ferrig, Inc., (1970).)| false
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38 MERTON, R. K, READER, G. G., KENDALL, P. L. (Eds), The Student-Physician: Introductory Studies in the Sociology of Medical Education, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, (1957). HistCite: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton_stud-phys/.

38 MERTON, R. K, READER, G. G., KENDALL, P. L. (Eds), The Student-Physician: Introductory Studies in the Sociology of Medical Education, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, (1957). HistCite: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton_stud-phys/.)| false
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39 MERTON, R. K., Social structure and anomie. American Sociological Review, 3 (1938) 672–682. HistCite: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton_am-sociol-rev_1938/.

39 MERTON, R. K., Social structure and anomie. American Sociological Review, 3 (1938) 672–682. HistCite: http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/merton_am-sociol-rev_1938/.)| false
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40 a) WHITE, H. D., MCCAIN, K. W., Visualization of literatures. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 32 (1997) 99–168.

40 a) WHITE, H. D., MCCAIN, K. W., Visualization of literatures. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, 32 (1997) 99–168.)| false
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00 b) LIN, X., WHITE, H. D., BUZYDLOWSKI, J., Real-time author co-citation mapping for online searching. Information Processing and Management, 39 (5) (2003) 689–706.

00 b) LIN, X., WHITE, H. D., BUZYDLOWSKI, J., Real-time author co-citation mapping for online searching. Information Processing and Management, 39 (5) (2003) 689–706.)| false
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41 http://vlado.fmf.uni-lj.si/vlado/vlado.htm.

42 GARFIELD, E., From computational linguistics to algorithmic historiography, Lazerow Lecture held in conjunction with panel on “Knowledge and Language: Building large-scale knowledge bases for intelligent applications” presented at the University of Pittsburgh on September 19, 2001. http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/pittsburgh92001.pdf.

42 GARFIELD, E., From computational linguistics to algorithmic historiography, Lazerow Lecture held in conjunction with panel on “Knowledge and Language: Building large-scale knowledge bases for intelligent applications” presented at the University of Pittsburgh on September 19, 2001. http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/pittsburgh92001.pdf.)| false
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43 ZUCKERMAN, H., MERTON, R. K., Patterns of evaluation in science - institutionalisation, structure and functions of referee system. Minerva, 9 (1) (1971) 66–100. http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/zuckerman_minerva_1971/.

43 ZUCKERMAN, H., MERTON, R. K., Patterns of evaluation in science - institutionalisation, structure and functions of referee system. Minerva, 9 (1) (1971) 66–100. http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/histcomp/zuckerman_minerva_1971/.)| false
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44 www.eugenegarfield.org 45. See http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/merton/list.html.