Selectiveness of the exposure-based perceptual learning: What to learn and what not to learn

Hoon Choi; Takeo Watanabe

doi:10.1556/lp.1.2009.1.7

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Learning & Perception

Volume/Issue:: Volume 1: Issue 1

Selectiveness of the exposure-based perceptual learning: What to learn and what not to learn

Authors:

Hoon Choi

Hoon Choi Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
Department of Psychology, Boston University, 64 Cummington St., Boston, MA, 02215, USA

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and

Takeo Watanabe

Takeo Watanabe Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA

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Pages:: 89–98

Online Publication Date:: 01 Jun 2009

Publication Date:: 01 Jun 2009

Article Category:: Journal Article

DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1556/lp.1.2009.1.7

Keywords:: perceptual learning; task-irrelevant perceptual learning; exposure-based perceptual learning

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Abstract

How does the brain determine what to learn and what not to learn? Previous studies showed that a feature or stimulus on which subjects performed a task was learned, while the features or stimuli that were irrelevant to the task were not learned. This led some researchers to conclude that attention to a stimulus was necessary for the stimulus to be learned. This thought was challenged by the discovery of a task-irrelevant perceptual learning, in which learning occurred by mere exposure to the unattended and subthreshold stimulus. However, this exposure-based learning does not necessarily indicate that all presented stimuli are learned. Rather, recent studies showed that the occurrence of this learning was very selective for the following new findings: unattended stimulus learning occurred only (1) when the unattended stimulus was associated temporally with the processing of an attended target, (2) when the unattended stimulus was synchronously presented with reinforcers, such as internal or external rewards, and (3) when the unattended stimulus had subliminal properties. These selectivities suggest some degrees of similarity between task-relevant and task-irrelevant perceptual learning, which has been the motivation for making a united model in which both task-relevant and task-irrelevant learning are formed with similar or same mechanisms.

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Learning & Perception

Print ISSN:: 1789-3186

Online ISSN:: 2060-9175

Learning & Perception
Language	English
Size
Year of Foundation	2009
Publication Programme	ceased
Volumes per Year
Issues per Year
Publisher	Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's Address	H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible Publisher	Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN	1789-3186 (Print)
ISSN	2060-9175 (Online)