Acta Chromatographica
Volume/Issue:
Volume 21: Issue 3
Analysis of 2-Chloroacetophenone in air by multi-fiber solid-phase microextraction and fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry
Authors:
M. Pacenti Occupational Health Division, Department of Public Health, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, 50100, Florence, Italy

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S. Dugheri Occupational Health Division, Department of Public Health, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, 50100, Florence, Italy

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R. Gagliano-Candela Forensic Toxicology Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of Bari, P.zza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy

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G. Strisciullo Forensic Toxicology Division, Department of Internal Medicine and Public Health, University of Bari, P.zza G. Cesare 11, 70124, Bari, Italy

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E. Franchi Organic Chemistry Department/ProtEra Srl (Spin Off of Magnetic Resonance Center), University of Florence, Via Lastruccia 13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy

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F. Degli Esposti Chromline Srl, Via Anita Garibaldi 40, 59100, Prato, Italy

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N. Perchiazzi Chromline Srl, Via Anita Garibaldi 40, 59100, Prato, Italy

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P. Boccalon Occupational Health Division, Department of Public Health, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, 50100, Florence, Italy

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G. Arcangeli Occupational Health Division, Department of Public Health, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, 50100, Florence, Italy

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V. Cupelli Occupational Health Division, Department of Public Health, University of Florence, Viale Morgagni 48, 50100, Florence, Italy

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Pages:
379–397
Online Publication Date:
01 Sep 2009
Publication Date:
01 Sep 2009
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/achrom.21.2009.3.3
Keywords:
Multi Fiber SPME; Fast GC-MS; 2-Chloroacetophenone; sampling rate; diffusion coefficient
Restricted access

Summary

2-Chloroacetophenone (CA) is widely used as tear gas by law-enforcement agents, and by civilians for personal protection. Crimes involving robbery and rape using tear gas sprays have recently increased. Experimental and in-field evaluations have been performed to validate use of solid-phase microextraction (SPME) with a porous fiber for sampling and analysis of CA in air before analysis by fast gas chromatography-mass spectrometry equipped with a new device called a multi-fiber system. CA vapor was generated by use of a syringe pump in a dynamic system in which temperature, relative humidity, and air velocity were monitored. The theoretical sampling rate for time-weighted average and rapid-SPME were, furthermore, estimated by use of the Fuller-Schettler-Giddings diffusion coefficient and the theory of heat transfer, respectively, and were in accordance with experimental values. Concentrations of CA were analyzed in a military store containing tear gas canisters, to evaluate the risk. The results obtained in this field study showed values ranging from 0.206 to 2.46 mg m−3.

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Cover Acta Chromatographica
Acta Chromatographica
Online ISSN:
2083-5736

Senior editors

Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sajewicz, Mieczyslaw, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland

Editors(s)

  • Danica Agbaba, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia (1953-2024)
  • Łukasz Komsta, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Ivana Stanimirova-Daszykowska, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  • Monika Waksmundzka-Hajnos, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland

Editorial Board

  • Ravi Bhushan, The Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
  • Jacek Bojarski, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
  • Bezhan Chankvetadze, State University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia
  • Michał Daszykowski, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  • Tadeusz H. Dzido, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Attila Felinger, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
  • Kazimierz Glowniak, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Bronisław Glód, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland
  • Anna Gumieniczek, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Urszula Hubicka, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
  • Krzysztof Kaczmarski, Rzeszow University of Technology, Rzeszów, Poland
  • Huba Kalász, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  • Katarina Karljiković Rajić, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Imre Klebovich, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
  • Angelika Koch, Private Pharmacy, Hamburg, Germany
  • Piotr Kus, Univerity of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  • Debby Mangelings, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
  • Emil Mincsovics, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
  • Ágnes M. Móricz, Centre for Agricultural Research, Budapest, Hungary
  • Gertrud Morlock, Giessen University, Giessen, Germany
  • Anna Petruczynik, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Robert Skibiński, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Bernd Spangenberg, Offenburg University of Applied Sciences, Germany
  • Tomasz Tuzimski, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
  • Adam Voelkel, Poznań University of Technology, Poznań, Poland
  • Beata Walczak, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
  • Wiesław Wasiak, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
  • Igor G. Zenkevich, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation

 

SAJEWICZ, MIECZYSLAW
E-mail:mieczyslaw.sajewicz@us.edu.pl

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Acta Chromatographica
Language English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 1988
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 4
Founder Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia
Founder's
Address		 PL-40-007 Katowice, Poland, Bankowa 12
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 2083-5736 (Online)

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