Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 1
Gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infections in organ transplant recipients
Authors:
Antal Péter Department of Transplantation Surgery, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary
Baross utca 23, H-1082, Budapest, Hungary

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Gábor Telkes Department of Transplantation Surgery, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary

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Marina Varga Department of Transplantation Surgery, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary

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Jenő Járay Department of Transplantation Surgery, Semmelweis University Medical School, Budapest, Hungary

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Pages:
25–38
Online Publication Date:
01 Mar 2009
Publication Date:
01 Mar 2009
Article Category:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/CEMED.3.2009.28509
Keywords:
cytomegalovirus; gastrointestinal infection; organ transplantation; CMV, cytomegalovirus; D, donor; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HHV, human herpesvirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; PTLD, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease; R, recipient
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Abstract

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a major pathogen for immunocompromised organ transplant recipients. 80 to 90% of all transplant recipients are infected by the virus; however, the incidence of CMV disease is 30 to 40%. Gastrointestinal CMV disease involving any part of the digestive tract occurs in about 10% of all patients receiving solid organ transplantation. Mucosal injury, ulcerations, erosions, haemorrhage, disorders of digestive tract motility, rarely gastrointestinal mass and perforation are the most common pathological findings in CMV disease. Diagnostics is based on endoscopy with mucosal biopsy. Histopathological examination of biopsy samples must look for specific cytomegalic cells with intranuclear (“owl's eye”) and intracytoplasmatic inclusions. Various microbiological, immunohistochemical and molecular biological assays can be performed to detect CMV in the mucosa. In established gastrointestinal CMV disease both gastroenterological and antiviral treatments are needed including intravenous ganciclovir and/or oral valganciclovir. Prevention of disease should be achieved by general prophylaxis in high-risk patients (oral valganciclovir, in special cases hyperimmune globulin); and in medium risk patients by pre-emptive therapy using microbiological surveillance.

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Cover Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal
Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal
Print ISSN:
2060-6249
Online ISSN:
2060-968X

Clinical and Experimental Medical Journal
Language English
Size  
Year of
Foundation		 2007
Publication
Programme		 ceased
Volumes
per Year		  
Issues
per Year		  
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 2060-6249 (Print)
ISSN 2060-968X (Online)

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