Community Ecology
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Dependence of animal diversity on plant diversity and environmental factors in farmland ponds
Authors:
E. Santi University of Siena BIOCONNET, Biodiversity and Conservation Network, Department of Environmental Science “G.Sarfatti” Via P.A. Mattioli 4 53100 Siena Italy

Search for other papers by E. Santi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
E. Mari University of Siena Ecolab — Research Centre for Lagoon Ecology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Polo Universitario Grossetano, via Lungolago dei Pescatori 58015 Orbetello Italy

Search for other papers by E. Mari in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
S. Piazzini University of Siena BIOCONNET, Biodiversity and Conservation Network, Department of Environmental Science “G.Sarfatti” Via P.A. Mattioli 4 53100 Siena Italy

Search for other papers by S. Piazzini in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
M. Renzi University of Siena Ecolab — Research Centre for Lagoon Ecology, Fisheries and Aquaculture Polo Universitario Grossetano, via Lungolago dei Pescatori 58015 Orbetello Italy

Search for other papers by M. Renzi in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
,
G. Bacaro University of Siena BIOCONNET, Biodiversity and Conservation Network, Department of Environmental Science “G.Sarfatti” Via P.A. Mattioli 4 53100 Siena Italy

Search for other papers by G. Bacaro in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
, and
S. Maccherini University of Siena BIOCONNET, Biodiversity and Conservation Network, Department of Environmental Science “G.Sarfatti” Via P.A. Mattioli 4 53100 Siena Italy

Search for other papers by S. Maccherini in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed Close
Pages:
232–241
Online Publication Date:
16 Dec 2010
Publication Date:
01 Dec 2010
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/comec.11.2010.2.12
Keywords:
Aquatic insect; Amphibians; Community composition; Conservation biology; Forward selection; Plant diversity; Variation partitioning
Restricted access

Farmland ponds represent habitats with a high conservation value that make a significant contribution to regional biodiversity. Understanding the influence of plant species composition and environmental variables in driving variations in animal species composition in ponds is an important issue in the fields of ecological research and conservation biology. Using variance partitioning techniques to quantify independent effects, we examined how plant species composition, local-landscape configuration and physicochemical variables interact in influencing aquatic insect and amphibian community composition. The ponds investigated in this study were located in the Site of Community Importance — Special Protected Area (Natura 2000 Network) “Monte Labbro — Alta Valle dell’Albegna” (Tuscany, central Italy). Our results showed that: (i) plant community composition (such as Carex hirta, Glicerya fluitans, Potamogeton natans, Typha latifolia) is a good predictor for amphibian but not for aquatic insect species composition; (ii) aquatic insect species composition was more strongly affected by the landscape context, whereas for amphibians the local characteristics of the ponds were determining; (iii) the physicochemical context is a poor predictor for these animal taxa; (iv) lastly, and notably, the explanatory variables explained a high proportion of the total variation in amphibian and aquatic insect species composition. Our results have important implications with respect to the creation of new ponds, which should preferentially take place close to semi-natural grasslands and other wetlands, in order to maintain greater connectivity, and away from urban areas. Moreover, larger ponds are preferable for the preservation of pond biodiversity. The management and conservation of ponds is necessary to ensure the protection of habitats, the survival of individual species and overall pond biodiversity.

Supplementary Materials

    • Supplementary Material

  • Bacchi, I. and V.M. Rizzotti. 2007. Insecta Heteroptera Nepomorpha e Gerromorpha. In: S. Ruffo and F. Stoch (eds.), Checklist e distribuzione delle specie della fauna italiana. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Sezione Scienze della Vita 16. pp. 147–149.

  • Balletto, E. 2007. Amphibia e Reptilia. In: S. Ruffo and F. Stoch (eds.), Checklist e distribuzione delle specie della fauna italiana. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Sezione Scienze della Vita 16. pp. 283–287.

  • Belfiore, C. 1983. Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Efemerotteri (Ephemeroptera). Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma.

    Belfiore C. , '', in Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Efemerotteri (Ephemeroptera) , (1983 ) -.

  • Belfiore, C. 2007. Insecta Ephemeroptera. In: S. Ruffo and F. Stoch (eds.), Checklist e distribuzione delle specie della fauna italiana. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Sezione Scienze della Vita 16. pp. 127–129.

  • Biggs, J., A. Corfield, D. Walker, M. Whitfield, and P. Williams. 1994. New approaches to the management of ponds. British Wildlife 5: 273–287.

    Williams P. , 'New approaches to the management of ponds ' (1994 ) 5 British Wildlife : 273 -287 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Bilton, D.T., A. Foggo and S.D. Rundle. 2001. Size, permanence and the proportion of predators in ponds. Archiv für Hydrobiologie 151: 451–458.

    Rundle S.D. , 'Size, permanence and the proportion of predators in ponds ' (2001 ) 151 Archiv für Hydrobiologie : 451 -458 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Blanchet, F.G., P. Legendre and D. Borcard. 2008. Forward selection of explanatory variables. Ecology 89: 2623–2632.

    Borcard D. , 'Forward selection of explanatory variables ' (2008 ) 89 Ecology : 2623 -2632 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Blaschke, T., 2010. Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 65: 2–16.

    Blaschke T. , 'Object based image analysis for remote sensing ' (2010 ) 65 ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing : 2 -16 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Borcard, D., P. Legendre and P. Drapeau. 1992. Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation. Ecology 73: 1045–1055.

    Drapeau P. , 'Partialling out the spatial component of ecological variation ' (1992 ) 73 Ecology : 1045 -1055 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Briers, R.A. and J. Biggs. 2003. Indicator taxa for the conservation of pond invertebrate diversity. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 13: 323–330.

    Biggs J. , 'Indicator taxa for the conservation of pond invertebrate diversity ' (2003 ) 13 Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. : 323 -330 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Carchini, G. 1983. Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Odonati (Odonata). Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma.

    Carchini G. , '', in Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Odonati (Odonata) , (1983 ) -.

  • Carchini, G., A.G. Solimini and A. Ruggiero. 2005. Habitat characteristics and odonate diversity in mountain ponds of central Italy. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 15: 573–581.

    Ruggiero A. , 'Habitat characteristics and odonate diversity in mountain ponds of central Italy ' (2005 ) 15 Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. : 573 -581 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Cushman, S.A. and K. McGarigal. 2002. Hierarchical, multi-scale decomposition of species-environment relationships. Landscape Ecol. 17: 637–646.

    McGarigal K. , 'Hierarchical, multi-scale decomposition of species-environment relationships ' (2002 ) 17 Landscape Ecol. : 637 -646 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Davies, B.R., J. Biggs, J.T. Lee and S. Thompson. 2004. Identifying optimumlocations for new ponds. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 14: 5–24.

    Thompson S. , 'Identifying optimumlocations for new ponds ' (2004 ) 14 Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. : 5 -24 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Declerck, S., T. De Bie, D. Ercken, H. Hampel, S. Schrijvers, J. Van Wichelen, V. Gillard, R. Mandiki, B. Losson, D. Bauwens, S. Keijers, W. Vyverman, B. Goddeeris, L. De Meester, L. Brendonck and K. Martens. 2006. Ecological characteristics of small farmland ponds: Associations with land use practices at multiple spatial scales. Biol. Conserv. 131: 523–532.

    Martens K. , 'Ecological characteristics of small farmland ponds: Associations with land use practices at multiple spatial scales ' (2006 ) 131 Biol. Conserv. : 523 -532 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • de Szalay, F.A. and V.H. Resh. 2000. Factors influencing macroinvertebrate colonization of seasonal wetlands: response to emergent plant cover. Freshwat. Biol. 45: 295–308.

    Resh V.H. , 'Factors influencing macroinvertebrate colonization of seasonal wetlands: response to emergent plant cover ' (2000 ) 45 Freshwat. Biol. : 295 -308 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Dray, S. 2004. Packfor. R package, Version 10.0-6.

  • eConition. 2001. User guide. Definiens Imaging, Munich, Germany.

    '', in User guide , (2001 ) -.

  • European Environment Agency. 2000. CORINE Land Cover Technical — Guide Addendum 2000, EEA Copenhagen, Denmark.

  • Fairchild, G.W., J.N. Anderson and D.J. Velinsky. 2005. The trophic state ‘chain of relationships’ in ponds: does size matter? Hydrobiologia 539: 35–46.

    Velinsky D.J. , 'The trophic state ‘chain of relationships’ in ponds: does size matter? ' (2005 ) 539 Hydrobiologia : 35 -46 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Feder, M.E., Burggren W.W. (eds.) 1992. Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    '', in Environmental Physiology of the Amphibians , (1992 ) -.

  • Friday, L.E. 1987. The diversity of macroinvertebrate and macrophyte communities in ponds. Freshwat. Biol. 18: 87–104.

    Friday L.E. , 'The diversity of macroinvertebrate and macrophyte communities in ponds ' (1987 ) 18 Freshwat. Biol. : 87 -104 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gee, J.H.R., B.D. Smith, K.M. Lee and W.S. Griffiths. 1997. The ecological basis of freshwater pond management for biodiversity. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 7: 91–104.

    Griffiths W.S. , 'The ecological basis of freshwater pond management for biodiversity ' (1997 ) 7 Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. : 91 -104 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Gioria, M., A. Schaffers, G. Bacaro and J. Feehan. 2010. The conservation value of farmland ponds: Predicting water beetle assemblages using vascular plants as surrogate group. Biol. Conserv. 143: 1125–1133.

    Feehan J. , 'The conservation value of farmland ponds: Predicting water beetle assemblages using vascular plants as surrogate group ' (2010 ) 143 Biol. Conserv. : 1125 -1133 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Grasshoff, K., M. Ehrhardt and K. Kremling. 1999. Methods of Seawater Analysis. Verlag Chemie, Weinheim.

    Kremling K. , '', in Methods of Seawater Analysis , (1999 ) -.

  • Guerry, A.D. and M.L. Hunter. 2002. Amphibian distributions in a landscape of forests and agriculture: an examination of landscape composition and configuration. Conserv. Biol. 16: 745–754.

    Hunter M.L. , 'Amphibian distributions in a landscape of forests and agriculture: an examination of landscape composition and configuration ' (2002 ) 16 Conserv. Biol. : 745 -754 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Hartel, T., C.I. Moga, I. David and I. Coroiu. 2009. Species richness — pond area relationships of amphibians and birds in two Natura 2000 protected areas of Romania. Community Ecol. 10: 159–164.

    Coroiu I. , 'Species richness — pond area relationships of amphibians and birds in two Natura 2000 protected areas of Romania ' (2009 ) 10 Community Ecol. : 159 -164 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Hartel, T., O. Schweiger, K. Íllerer, D. Cogalniceanu and J.W. Arntzen 2010. Amphibian distribution in a traditionally managed rural landscape of Eastern Europe: Probing the effect of landscape composition. Biol. Conserv. 143: 1118–1124.

    Arntzen J.W. , 'Amphibian distribution in a traditionally managed rural landscape of Eastern Europe: Probing the effect of landscape composition ' (2010 ) 143 Biol. Conserv. : 1118 -1124 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Jeffries, M. 1991. The ecology and conservation value of forestry ponds in Scotland, United Kingdom. Biol. Conserv. 58: 191–211.

    Jeffries M. , 'The ecology and conservation value of forestry ponds in Scotland, United Kingdom ' (1991 ) 58 Biol. Conserv. : 191 -211 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Jeppesen, E., M. Søndergaard, M. Søndergaard and K. Christoffersen. 1997. The structuring role of submerged water plants in lakes. Ecological Studies Series, 131. Springer, New York, USA.

    Christoffersen K. , '', in The structuring role of submerged water plants in lakes , (1997 ) -.

  • Kadoya, T., S.I. Suda and I. Washitani. 2004. Dragonfly species richness on man-made ponds: effects of pond size and pond age on newly established assemblages. Ecol. Res. 19: 461–467.

    Washitani I. , 'Dragonfly species richness on man-made ponds: effects of pond size and pond age on newly established assemblages ' (2004 ) 19 Ecol. Res. : 461 -467 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kerr, J., A. Sugar, and L. Packer. 2000. Indicator taxa, rapid biodiversity assessment, and nestedness in an endangered ecosystem. Conserv. Biol. 14: 1726–1734.

    Packer L. , 'Indicator taxa, rapid biodiversity assessment, and nestedness in an endangered ecosystem ' (2000 ) 14 Conserv. Biol. : 1726 -1734 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Kiflawi, M., A. Eitam and L. Blaustein. 2003. The relative impact of local and regional processes on macro-invertebrate species richness in temporary ponds. J. Anim. Ecol 72: 447–452.

    Blaustein L. , 'The relative impact of local and regional processes on macro-invertebrate species richness in temporary ponds ' (2003 ) 72 J. Anim. Ecol : 447 -452 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Laan, R. and B. Verboon. 1990. Effects of pool size and isolation on amphibian communities. Biol. Conserv. 54: 251–262.

    Verboon B. , 'Effects of pool size and isolation on amphibian communities ' (1990 ) 54 Biol. Conserv. : 251 -262 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Lanza, B. 1983. Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Anfibi e Rettili (Amphibia, Reptilia). Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma.

    Lanza B. , '', in Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Anfibi e Rettili (Amphibia, Reptilia) , (1983 ) -.

  • Legendre, P. and E.D. Gallagher. 2001. Ecologically meaningful transformations for ordination of species data. Oecologia 129: 271–280.

    Gallagher E.D. , 'Ecologically meaningful transformations for ordination of species data ' (2001 ) 129 Oecologia : 271 -280 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Legendre, P. and L. Legendre. 1998. Numerical ecology. Second English edition. Elsivier Science BV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

    Legendre L. , '', in Numerical ecology , (1998 ) -.

  • Lehtinen, R.M. and S.M. Galatowitsch. 2000. Colonization of restored wetlands by amphibians in Minnesota. Am. Midl. Nat. 145:388–396.

    Galatowitsch S.M. , 'Colonization of restored wetlands by amphibians in Minnesota ' (2000 ) 145 Am. Midl. Nat. : 388 -396 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Mari, E., E. Santi, S. Piazzini, M. Renzi and S. Maccherini. 2010. Development of biological diversity in farmland ponds. J. Fresh. Ecol. 25: 95–105.

    Maccherini S. , 'Development of biological diversity in farmland ponds ' (2010 ) 25 J. Fresh. Ecol. : 95 -105 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Nicolet, P., J. Biggs, G. Fox, M. J. Hodson, C. Reynolds, M. Whitfield and P. Williams. 2004. The wetland plant and macroinvertebrate assemblages of temporary ponds in England and Wales. Biol. Conserv. 120: 261–278.

    Williams P. , 'The wetland plant and macroinvertebrate assemblages of temporary ponds in England and Wales ' (2004 ) 120 Biol. Conserv. : 261 -278 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Nilsson, A.N. 1984. Species richness and succession of aquatic beetles in some kettle-hole ponds in northern Sweden. Holarctic Ecol. 7: 149–156.

    Nilsson A.N. , 'Species richness and succession of aquatic beetles in some kettle-hole ponds in northern Sweden ' (1984 ) 7 Holarctic Ecol. : 149 -156 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Oertli, B., J. D. Auderset, E. Castella, R. Juge, D. Cambin and J. B. Lachavanne. 2002. Does size matter? The relationship between pond area and biodiversity. Biol. Conserv. 104:59–70.

    Lachavanne J. B. , 'Does size matter? The relationship between pond area and biodiversity ' (2002 ) 104 Biol. Conserv. : 59 -70 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Oertli, B., J.D.Auderset, E. Castella, R. Juge, A. Lehmann and J.B. Lachavanne. 2005. PLOCH: a standardize method for sampling and assessing the biodiversity in ponds. Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. 15: 665–679.

    Lachavanne J.B. , 'PLOCH: a standardize method for sampling and assessing the biodiversity in ponds ' (2005 ) 15 Aquat. Conserv.: Mar. Freshwat. Ecosyst. : 665 -679 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Oksanen, J., R. Kindt and R.B. O’Hara. 2005. Vegan: Community Ecology Package. R package Version 1.6–10.

  • Paavola, R., T. Muotka, R. Virtanen, J. Heino, D. Jackson and A. Mäaki-Petäys. 2006. Spatial scale affects community concordance among fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates, and bryophytes in streams. Ecol. Appl. 16: 368–379.

    Mäaki-Petäys A. , 'Spatial scale affects community concordance among fishes, benthic macroinvertebrates, and bryophytes in streams ' (2006 ) 16 Ecol. Appl. : 368 -379 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Pechmann, J.H.K., R.A. Estes, D.E. Scott and J.W. Gibbons. 2001. Amphibian colonization and use of ponds created for trial mitigation of wetland loss. Wetlands 21: 93–111.

    Gibbons J.W. , 'Amphibian colonization and use of ponds created for trial mitigation of wetland loss ' (2001 ) 21 Wetlands : 93 -111 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Peres-Neto, P., P. Legendre, S. Dray and D. Borcard. 2006. Variation partitioning of species data matrices: estimation and comparison of fractions. Ecology 87: 2614–2625.

    Borcard D. , 'Variation partitioning of species data matrices: estimation and comparison of fractions ' (2006 ) 87 Ecology : 2614 -2625 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Pignatti, S. 1982. Flora d’Italia. Edagricole, Bologna.

    Pignatti S. , '', in Flora d’Italia , (1982 ) -.

  • Pillsbury, F.C. and J.R. Miller. 2008. Habitat and landscape characteristics underlying anuran community structure along an urbanrural gradient. Ecol. Appl. 18: 1107–1118.

    Miller J.R. , 'Habitat and landscape characteristics underlying anuran community structure along an urbanrural gradient ' (2008 ) 18 Ecol. Appl. : 1107 -1118 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Pond Action 1994. The Oxfordshire Pond Survey. Pond Action.

  • Pough, F.H., R.M. Andrews, J.E. Cadle, M.L. Crump, A.H. Savitzky, and K.D. Wells. 2004. Herpetology. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.

    Wells K.D. , '', in Herpetology , (2004 ) -.

  • Prendergast, J. R. et al. 1999. The gaps between theory and practice in selecting nature reserves. Conserv. Biol. 13: 484–492.

    Prendergast J. R. , 'The gaps between theory and practice in selecting nature reserves ' (1999 ) 13 Conserv. Biol. : 484 -492 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • R Development Core Team, 2009. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna.

    '', in R: A language and environment for statistical computing , (2009 ) -.

  • Remsburg, A.J. and M.G. Turner. 2009. Aquatic and terrestrial drivers of dragonfly (Odonata) assemblages within and among north-temperate lakes. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. 28: 44–56.

    Turner M.G. , 'Aquatic and terrestrial drivers of dragonfly (Odonata) assemblages within and among north-temperate lakes ' (2009 ) 28 J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc. : 44 -56 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Rocchi, S. 2007. Insecta Coleoptera Hydroadephaga. In: S. Ruffo and F. Stoch (eds.), Checklist e distribuzione delle specie della fauna italiana. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Sezione Scienze della Vita 16. pp. 165–168.

  • Rubbo, M.J. and J.M. Kiesecker. 2005. Amphibian breeding distribution in an urbanized landscape. Conserv. Biol. 19: 504–511

    Kiesecker J.M. , 'Amphibian breeding distribution in an urbanized landscape ' (2005 ) 19 Conserv. Biol. : 504 -511 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Scheffer, M., 1998. Ecology of Shallow Lakes. Chapman and Hall, London, UK.

    Scheffer M. , '', in Ecology of Shallow Lakes , (1998 ) -.

  • Savage, A.A. 1982. Use of water boatmen (Corixidae) in the classification of lakes. Biol. Conserv. 23: 55–70.

    Savage A.A. , 'Use of water boatmen (Corixidae) in the classification of lakes ' (1982 ) 23 Biol. Conserv. : 55 -70 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Snodgrass, J.W., M.J. Komoroski, A.L. Bryan, Jr. and J. Burger. 2000. Relationships among isolated wetland size, hydroperiod, and amphibian species richness: implications for wetland regulations. Conserv. Biol. 14: 414–419.

    Burger J. , 'Relationships among isolated wetland size, hydroperiod, and amphibian species richness: implications for wetland regulations ' (2000 ) 14 Conserv. Biol. : 414 -419 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Solimini, A.G., A. Ruggiero, V. Bernardi and G. Carchini. 2003. Temporal pattern of macroinvertebrate diversity and production in a new man made shallow lake. Hydrobiologia 506–509: 373–379.

    Carchini G. , 'Temporal pattern of macroinvertebrate diversity and production in a new man made shallow lake ' (2003 ) 506–509 Hydrobiologia : 373 -379 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Spencer, M., L. Blaustein, S.S. Schwartz and J. Cohen. 1999. Species richness and the proportion of predatory animal species in temporary freshwater pools: relationships with habitat size and permanence. Ecol. Letters 2: 157–166.

    Cohen J. , 'Species richness and the proportion of predatory animal species in temporary freshwater pools: relationships with habitat size and permanence ' (1999 ) 2 Ecol. Letters : 157 -166 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Spencer, M., S.S. Schwartz and L. Blaustein. 2002. Are there finescale spatial patterns in community similarity among temporary freshwater pools? Global Ecol. Biogeogr. 11: 71–78.

    Blaustein L. , 'Are there finescale spatial patterns in community similarity among temporary freshwater pools? ' (2002 ) 11 Global Ecol. Biogeogr. : 71 -78 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Steinman, A.D., J. Conklin, P.J. Bohlen and D.G. Uzarski. 2003. Influence of cattle grazing and pasture land use on macroinvertebrate communities in freshwater wetlands. Wetlands 23: 877–889.

    Uzarski D.G. , 'Influence of cattle grazing and pasture land use on macroinvertebrate communities in freshwater wetlands ' (2003 ) 23 Wetlands : 877 -889 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Tamanini, L. 1979. Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Eterotteri acquatici (Heteroptera): Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha. Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma.

    Tamanini L. , '', in Guida per il riconoscimento delle specie animali delle acque interne italiane: Eterotteri acquatici (Heteroptera): Gerromorpha, Nepomorpha , (1979 ) -.

  • ter Braak, C.J.F. 1985. Correspondence analysis of incidence and abundance data: properties in terms of a unimodal response model. Biometrics 41: 859–873.

    Braak C.J.F. , 'Correspondence analysis of incidence and abundance data: properties in terms of a unimodal response model ' (1985 ) 41 Biometrics : 859 -873 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Trigal, C., F. Garcìa-Criado and C.F. Alaez. 2007. Macroinvertebrate communities of mediterranean ponds (North Iberian Plateau): importance of natural and human-induced variability. Freshwat. Biol. 52: 2042–2055.

    Alaez C.F. , 'Macroinvertebrate communities of mediterranean ponds (North Iberian Plateau): importance of natural and human-induced variability ' (2007 ) 52 Freshwat. Biol. : 2042 -2055 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Utzeri, C. and C. D’Antonio. 2007. Insecta Odonata. In: S. Ruffo and F. Stoch (eds.), Checklist e distribuzione delle specie della fauna italiana. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Sezione Scienze della Vita 16. pp. 137–148.

  • Van de Meutter, F., R. Stoks and L. De Meester. 2006. Lotic dispersal of lentic macroinvertebrates. Ecography 29: 223–230.

    Meester L. , 'Lotic dispersal of lentic macroinvertebrates ' (2006 ) 29 Ecography : 223 -230 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Van de Meutter, F., L. De Meester and R. Stoks. 2007. Meta-community structure of pond macro invertebrates: Effects of dispersal mode and generation time. Ecology 88: 1687–1695.

    Stoks R. , 'Meta-community structure of pond macro invertebrates: Effects of dispersal mode and generation time ' (2007 ) 88 Ecology : 1687 -1695 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Wells, K.D. 2007. The Ecology and Behaviour of Amphibians. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago.

    Wells K.D. , '', in The Ecology and Behaviour of Amphibians , (2007 ) -.

  • Whittaker, R.H. 1960. Vegetation of the SiskiyouMountains, Oregon and California. Ecol. Monogr. 30: 279–338.

    Whittaker R.H. , 'Vegetation of the SiskiyouMountains, Oregon and California ' (1960 ) 30 Ecol. Monogr. : 279 -338 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Williams, P., M. Whitfield, J. Biggs, S. Bray, G. Fox, P. Nicolet and D. Sear. 2004. Comparative biodiversity of rivers, streams, ditches and ponds in an agricultural landscape in Southern England. Biol. Conserv. 115: 329–341.

    Sear D. , 'Comparative biodiversity of rivers, streams, ditches and ponds in an agricultural landscape in Southern England ' (2004 ) 115 Biol. Conserv. : 329 -341 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Wolters, V., J. Bengtsson and A.S. Zaitsev. 2006. Relationship among the species richness of different taxa. Ecology 87: 1886–1895.

    Zaitsev A.S. , 'Relationship among the species richness of different taxa ' (2006 ) 87 Ecology : 1886 -1895 .

    • Search Google Scholar

  • Wood, P.J., M.T. Greenwood and M.D. Agnew. 2003. Pond biodiversity and habitat loss in the UK. Area 35.2: 206–216.

    Agnew M.D. , 'Pond biodiversity and habitat loss in the UK ' (2003 ) 35.2 Area : 206 -216 .

    • Search Google Scholar
  • Collapse
  • Expand
Cover Community Ecology
Community Ecology An Interdisciplinary Journal Reporting Progress in Community and Population Studies
Print ISSN:
1585-8553
Online ISSN:
1588-2756

To see the editorial board, please visit the website of Springer Nature.

Manuscript Submission: HERE

For subscription options, please visit the website of Springer Nature.

Community Ecology
Language English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 2000
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 3
Founder Akadémiai Kiadó
Founder's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11.
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 1585-8553 (Print)
ISSN 1588-2756 (Online)

Monthly Content Usage

Abstract Views Full Text Views PDF Downloads
Apr 2024 48 0 0
May 2024 1 0 0
Jun 2024 14 0 0
Jul 2024 10 0 0
Aug 2024 14 0 0
Sep 2024 50 0 0
Oct 2024 42 0 0