Search for other papers by W.L. Strong in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
A simple to calculate and statistically testable method is proposed for assessing species abundance unevenness or dominance concentration within plant communities. Dominance rather than evenness is considered the preferred measure, because perfect evenness can be defined and used as a benchmark for comparing communities regardless of floristic richness. Four dominance (Simpson, Berger-Parker, McIntosh, and a proposed [DW]) and four evenness (Carmargo, Gini, Shannon, and Williams) indices are comparatively analyzed. The Simpson, McIntosh, Gini, and Williams indices were correlated with species richness, the Berger-Parker index was correlated with total species cover, the Shannon index over-estimated evenness, the Simpson index under-estimated dominance concentration, and a nonlinear relationship occurred between the Simpson and all of the evenness indices. Only DW and the Carmargo indices fulfilled the technical requirements established for evenness with appropriate reversals of criteria for assessing a dominance concentration index. Determination of DW was based on the maximum difference between cumulative proportion (also referred to as Lorenz curve or partial order) and perfect evenness values. The conventional assumption that dominance (D) is the complete opposite of evenness (E), as assessed by indices, was found in practice to be lacking, without the inclusion of an error term (i.e., 1 = E + D + error). Therefore, both dominance concentration and evenness should be reported when characterizing plant communities.
-
Bryant, J.P. and E. Scheinberg. 1970. Vegetation and frost activity in an alpine fellfield on the summit of Plateau Mountain, Alberta. Can.J. Bot. 48:751-771.
'Vegetation and frost activity in an alpine fellfield on the summit of Plateau Mountain, Alberta ' () 48 Can.J. Bot. : 751 -771 .
-
Esslinger, T.L. 1997. A cumulative checklist for the lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental United States, with updates to 27 August 2001. North Dakota State University, Fargo.
A cumulative checklist for the lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied fungi of the continental United States, with updates to 27 August 2001 , ().
-
Camargo, J.A. 1993. Must dominance increase with the number of subordinate species in competitive interactions? J. Theor. Biol. 161:537-542.
'Must dominance increase with the number of subordinate species in competitive interactions ' () 161 J. Theor. Biol. : 537 -542 .
-
Chambers, J.C. 1983. Measuring species diversity on revegetated surface mines: an evaluation of techniques. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah. Res. Paper INT-322.
-
Alatalo, R.V. 1981. Problems in the measurement of evenness in ecology. Oikos 37:199-204.
'Problems in the measurement of evenness in ecology ' () 37 Oikos : 199 -204 .
-
Anderson, L.E., H.A. Crum and W.R. Buck. 1990. List of the mosses of North America north of Mexico. Bryologist 93:448-499.
'List of the mosses of North America north of Mexico ' () 93 Bryologist : 448 -499 .
-
Wilson, J.B., H. Gitay, J.B. Steel and W.McG. King. 1998. Relative abundance distribution in plant communities: effect of species richness and of spatial scale. J. Veg. Sci. 9:213-220.
'Relative abundance distribution in plant communities: effect of species richness and of spatial scale ' () 9 J. Veg. Sci. : 213 -220 .
-
Strong, W.L, S.S. Sidhu and S. Navratil. 1995. Vegetation management by chemical and mechanical methods in aspen (Populus tremuloides) -dominated clearcuts: vegetation response six years after treatment. Canadian Forest Service and Alberta Land Forest Service, Edmonton, Alta.
Vegetation management by chemical and mechanical methods in aspen (Populus tremuloides) -dominated clearcuts: vegetation response six years after treatment , ().
-
Tokeshi, M. 1993. Species abundance patterns and community structure. Adv. Ecol Res. 24:111-186.
'Species abundance patterns and community structure ' () 24 Adv. Ecol Res. : 111 -186 .
-
Warwick, R.M. 1986. A new method for detecting pollution effects on marine macrobenthic communities. Mar. Biol. 92:557-562.
'A new method for detecting pollution effects on marine macrobenthic communities ' () 92 Mar. Biol. : 557 -562 .
-
Fehr, A.W. 1982. The candidate Ramsey ecological reserve: a biophysical inventory. Alberta Energy Natural Resources, Edmonton, Alta. Rep. T/69.
-
Archibald, J.H., N.B. Ferguson, R.W. Haag, W.K. Hay and D.J. O'Leary. 1984. An integrated resource inventory of the Deep Basin area (NTS 83L). Alberta Energy Natural Resources, Edmonton, Alta. Tech. Rep. T/78.
An integrated resource inventory of the Deep Basin area (NTS 83L) , ().
-
Beisel, J-N., S. Thomas, P. Usseglio-Polatera and J-C. Moreteau. 1996. Assessing changes in community structure by dominance indices: a comparative analysis. J. Freshwater Ecol. 11:291-299.
'Assessing changes in community structure by dominance indices: a comparative analysis ' () 11 J. Freshwater Ecol. : 291 -299 .
-
Berger, W.H. and F.L. Parker. 1970. Diversity of planktonic foraminifera in deep sea sediments. Science 168:1345-1347.
'Diversity of planktonic foraminifera in deep sea sediments ' () 168 Science : 1345 -1347 .
-
Bishoff, K.W. 1984. Forage inventory of the Frost Hills study area Alberta Energy Natural Resources, Edmonton, Alta Tech. Rep. T/19-6.
Forage inventory of the Frost Hills study area Alberta Energy Natural Resources, Edmonton, Alta Tech , ().
-
Cooper, S.V., P. Lesica and D. Page-Dumroese. 1997. Plant community classification for alpine vegetation on the Beaverhead National Forest, Montana. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-GTR-362.
Plant community classification for alpine vegetation on the Beaverhead National Forest, Montana , ().
-
Cordes, L.D. 1972. An ecological study of the Sitka spruce forest on the west coast of Vancouver Island. PhD Thesis, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B.C.
An ecological study of the Sitka spruce forest on the west coast of Vancouver Island , ().
-
Crack, S.N. 1977. Flora and vegetation of Wilcox Pass, Jasper National Park. MSc Thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
Flora and vegetation of Wilcox Pass, Jasper National Park , ().
-
Curtis, J.T. 1959. The vegetation of Wisconsin: an Ordination of Plant Communities. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.
The vegetation of Wisconsin: an Ordination of Plant Communities , ().
-
DeBenedictis, P.A. 1973. On the correlations between certain diversity indices. Am. Nat. 107:295-302.
'On the correlations between certain diversity indices ' () 107 Am. Nat. : 295 -302 .
-
Fike, J. and W.A. Niering. 1999. Four decades of old field vegetation development and the role of Celastrus orbiculatus in the northeastern United States. J. Veg. Sci. 10:483-492.
'Four decades of old field vegetation development and the role of Celastrus orbiculatus in the northeastern United States ' () 10 J. Veg. Sci. : 483 -492 .
-
Francis, R.E. 1986. Phyto-edaphic communities of the Upper Rio Puerco watershed, New Mexico. USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. Res. Paper RM-272.
-
Gosselin, F. 2001. Lorenz partial order: the best known logical framework to define evenness indices. Community Ecol. 2:197-207.
'Lorenz partial order: the best known logical framework to define evenness indices ' () 2 Community Ecol. : 197 -207 .
-
Hansen, P.L., G.R. Hoffman and AJ. Bjugstad. 1984. The vegetation of Theodore Roosevelt National Park, North Dakota: a habitat type classification. USDA Forest Service, Fort Collins, Colorado. Gen. Tech. Rep. RM-113.
-
Hart, G.T. 1988. Dryas integrifolia and its habitat diversity in the Canadian high and low arctic. MSc Thesis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.
Dryas integrifolia and its habitat diversity in the Canadian high and low arctic , ().
-
Hill, M.O. 1973. Diversity and evenness: a unifying notation and its consequences. Ecology 54:427-432.
'Diversity and evenness: a unifying notation and its consequences ' () 54 Ecology : 427 -432 .
-
Integrated Environments Ltd. 1990. Yohin Lake resource inventory, Nahanni National Park Reserve. Canadian Parks Service, Winnipeg, Man. Tech. Rep. 90-1/NAH.
-
Mueggler, W.F. 1988. Aspen community types of the intermountain region. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-250.
-
Mueggler, W.F. and W.L. Stewart. 1980. Grassland and shrubland habitat types of western Montana. USDA Forest Service, Ogden, Utah. Gen. Tech. Rep. INT-66.
-
Russell, W.B. and G.H. La Roi. 1986. Natural vegetation and ecology of abandoned coal-mined land, Rocky Mountain Foothills, Alberta, Canada. Can. J. Bot. 64:1286-1298.
'Natural vegetation and ecology of abandoned coal-mined land, Rocky Mountain Foothills, Alberta, Canada ' () 64 Can. J. Bot. : 1286 -1298 .
-
Shannon, C.E. and W. Weaver. 1949. The Mathematical Theory of Communication. University of Illinois Press, Urbana.
The Mathematical Theory of Communication. , ().
-
Simpson, E.H. 1949. Measurement of diversity. Nature 163:688.
'Measurement of diversity ' () 163 Nature : 688 .
-
Smith, B. and J.B. Wilson. 1996. A consumer's guide to evenness indices. Oikos 76:70-82.
'A consumer's guide to evenness indices ' () 76 Oikos : 70 -82 .
-
Smoliak, S. 1965. A comparison of ungrazed and lightly grazed Stipa-Bouteloua prairie in southeastern Alberta. Can. J. Plant Sci. 45:270-275.
'A comparison of ungrazed and lightly grazed Stipa-Bouteloua prairie in southeastern Alberta ' () 45 Can. J. Plant Sci. : 270 -275 .
-
Strong, W.L. 1999b. Botanical, vegetation and ecological resource survey ofthe proposed Gregg River Mine West Extension area. In: Luscar Ltd. Gregg River Mine - West Extension Project Application, Hinton, Alta. Consult. Rep. 2.
Botanical, vegetation and ecological resource survey ofthe proposed Gregg River Mine West Extension area , ().
-
Strong, W.L. 2000. Vegetation development on reclaimed lands in the Coal Valley Mine of western Alberta, Canada. Can. J. Bot. 78:110-118.
'Vegetation development on reclaimed lands in the Coal Valley Mine of western Alberta, Canada ' () 78 Can. J. Bot. : 110 -118 .
-
Strong, W.L and G.H. La Roi. 1983. Rooting depth and successional development of selected boreal forest communities. Can. J. For. Res. 13:577-588.
'Rooting depth and successional development of selected boreal forest communities ' () 13 Can. J. For. Res. : 577 -588 .
-
Whittaker, R.H. 1965. Dominance and diversity in land plant communities. Science 147:250-260.
'Dominance and diversity in land plant communities ' () 147 Science : 250 -260 .
-
Sokal, R.R. and F.J. Rohlf. 1981. Biometry. W.H. Freeman and Company, New York.
Biometry. , ().
-
Strong, W.L. 1999a Botanical, vegetation and ecological resource survey ofthe proposed Coal Valley II mine expansion and subregional ecosection classification. In: Luscar Ltd. Coal Valley Mine Extension Project, Edson, Alta. Consult. Rep. 10.
Botanical, vegetation and ecological resource survey ofthe proposed Coal Valley II mine expansion and subregional ecosection classification , ().
-
StatSoft. 1995. STATISTICA for Windows. StatSoft Inc., Tulsa, Okla
STATISTICA for Windows , ().
-
Strong, W.L. 1996. Vegetation resource survey and impact assessment of the proposed Cheviot Mine and associated areas. In: Cardinal River Coals Ltd. Cheviot Mine Project Application, Hinton, Alta Vol. VII, App. 27.
Vegetation resource survey and impact assessment of the proposed Cheviot Mine and associated areas , ().
-
Pielou, E.C. 1975. Ecological Diversity. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
Ecological Diversity. , ().
-
Purchase, J.E. and G.H. La Roi. 1983. Pinus banksiana forests ofthe Fort Vermilion area, northern Alberta. Can. J. Bot. 61:804-824.
'Pinus banksiana forests ofthe Fort Vermilion area, northern Alberta ' () 61 Can. J. Bot. : 804 -824 .
-
Johnson, J.D. 1975. An evaluation of the summer range of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis Shaw) on Ram Mountain, Alberta. MSc Thesis, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.
An evaluation of the summer range of bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis Shaw) on Ram Mountain, Alberta , ().
-
Kartesz, J.T. 1994. A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland. Vol. 1. Checklist. 2nd ed. Timber Press, Portland, Oreg.
A synonymized checklist of the vascular flora of the United States, Canada, and Greenland , ().
-
Miller, R.G. Jr. 1966. Simultaneous Statistical Inference. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
Simultaneous Statistical Inference. , ().
-
Nijssen, D., R. Rousseau and P. Van Hecke. 1998. The Lorenz curve: a graphical representation of evenness. Coenoses 13:33-38.
'The Lorenz curve: a graphical representation of evenness ' () 13 Coenoses : 33 -38 .
-
Peet, R.K. 1974. The measurement of species diversity. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 5:285-307.
'The measurement of species diversity ' () 5 Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. : 285 -307 .
To see the editorial board, please visit the website of Springer Nature.
Manuscript Submission: HERE
For subscription options, please visit the website of Springer Nature.
| Community Ecology | |
|---|---|
| Language | English |
| Size | A4 |
| Year of Foundation |
2000 |
| Volumes per Year |
1 |
| Issues per Year |
3 |
| Founder | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245 |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó Springer Nature Switzerland AG |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 1585-8553 (Print) |
| ISSN | 1588-2756 (Online) |
Monthly Content Usage
| Abstract Views | Full Text Views | PDF Downloads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 2024 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2024 | 22 | 0 | 0 |
| Jun 2024 | 33 | 0 | 0 |
| Jul 2024 | 25 | 0 | 0 |
| Aug 2024 | 58 | 0 | 0 |
| Sep 2024 | 17 | 0 | 0 |
| Oct 2024 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Copyright Akadémiai Kiadó AKJournals is the trademark of Akadémiai Kiadó's journal publishing business branch.