Acta Historiae Artium Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Volume/Issue:
Volume 61: Issue 1
A History of the Jewish Community of Tállya and of Their Synagogue
Author:
Júlia Csejdy , Budapest, Hungarian Museum of Architecture and Monument Documentation Centre

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Pages:
149–179
Online Publication Date:
18 Dec 2020
Publication Date:
18 Dec 2020
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/170.2020.00006
Keywords:
Jewish community; Tokaj-Hegyalja; Tállya; Mád; Galicia; Moldavia; synagogue; Torah Ark; iconography; orthodox; hassidism; acculturation; anti-Semitism
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Available only in print. Until 2020, Acta Historiae Artium was published in print only, with basic information on its contents accessible on the website. Online articles have been available since Volume 62 (2021).

Abstract

In the study I tried to reconstruct the history of the Jewish community of Tállya and their synagogue, for up to now neither the community, nor the art historically important Torah ark has received due attention. After the Holocaust very few survivors came back to Tállya – a settlement in Tokaj-Hegyalja, a region of north-eastern Hungary – and not a single member of the former Orthodox congregation lives there today. The community built their third place of worship in the mid-nineteenth century, pulled down in 1964. The reasons why I found it important to map the socio-cultural and religious environment in more detail are commemorative and research methodological. The Israelite community enjoyed autonomy in choosing their rabbi and arranging all other domestic matters, and consequently, their taste, religious orientation, acculturation influenced the shaping of their synagogue building, the style of its furnishing and ritual objects. For lack of congregational documents, many kinds of sources (e.g. newspaper articles, recollections, biographies of rabbis, municipal documents) had to be interpreted within the context offered by the historical elaborations of the age. It was indispensable to shed light on the system of relations between Hasidism of growing influence from the early nineteenth century and traditional Orthodoxy, particularly because the tendencies of secession also appeared in the Tállya community, and the iconography of the Torah ark of their synagogue is most closely related to the carved Torah arks of East European Hasidic communities (in Poland, Galicia, Moldavia, etc.). According to archival sources the community leaders of Tállya could assert their wish to have the woodcarver create symbolic motifs on the ark despite the rabbi’s disapproval. As the direct antecedent to the composition I identified the masonry Torah ark of Mád, but the inventive, singular style of the carvings bears no kinship with the mentioned prototypes or the altars in churches in the vicinity. At the end of the paper I sum up the events that led to the demolition of the synagogue and the perishing of its interior furniture, relying on documents in the Hungarian Jewish Museum and the Monument Documentation Centre.

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Cover Acta Historiae Artium Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Acta Historiae Artium Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae
Print ISSN:
0001-5830
Online ISSN:
1588-2608

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Editor-in-Chief: Lővei, Pál

Editorial Board

  • Lővei, Pál (Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont, Művészettörténeti Intézet)
  • Bodnár, Szilvia (Szépművészeti Múzeum)
  • Boreczky, Anna (Országos Széchényi Könyvtár)
  • Sisa, József (Bölcsészettudományi Kutatóközpont, Művészettörténeti Intézet)
  • Takács, Imre (ELTE BTK Művészettörténeti Intézet)
  • Wetter, Evelin (Abegg-Stiftung)

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Acta Historiae Artium
Language English
French
German
Italian
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 1953
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 1
Founder Magyar Tudományos Akadémia   
Founder's
Address		 H-1051 Budapest, Hungary, Széchenyi István tér 9.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
Responsible
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ISSN 0001-5830 (Print)
ISSN 1588-2608 (Online)

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REVIEW

HELMUT PHILIPP RIEDL: ANTIVEDUTO DELLA GRAMMATICA (1570/71–1626). LEBEN UND WERK München–Berlin: Deutscher Kunstverlag, 1998, 241 S., 8 Farbtafeln, 135 Schwarz-weiß Abbildungen

Author:
ÉVA NYERGES