Journal of Flow Chemistry
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
When solids stop flow chemistry in commercial tubing
Authors:
Yizheng Chen The University of Alabama, Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States

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Jasmine C. Sabio The University of Alabama, Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States

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Ryan L. Hartman The University of Alabama, Box 870203, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, United States

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Pages:
166–171
Online Publication Date:
Sep 2015
Publication Date:
01 Sep 2015
Article Category:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1556/1846.2015.00001
Keywords:
flow chemistry; clogging; amination; Pd-catalyzed; commerical tubing
Restricted access

Flow chemistry has emerged as the enabling field of high-throughput, data-driven discovery, and process chemistry, yet solids handling remains its key challenge. Insoluble salt by-products can stop flow, fluctuate reagent concentrations in reactors, and cost unexpected time and materials consumptions. The clogging of perfluoroalkoxy (PFA) tubing, stainless steel (SS) tubing, and a silicon microreactor by NaCl during a Pd-catalyzed amination using XPhos ligand was each studied. Our goal of understanding the appropriate reactor design provides in-depth analyses of constriction and mechanical entrapment. Calculations of Stokes number (St)>1 revealed that NaCl particle depositions were independent of the reactor materials. Analyses of the clogging time’s dependence on the residence time (τ) and particle volume fraction (ϕ) discovered commercial tubing to be inadequate for the decoupling of the kinetics. The results prescribe why fabricated microreactors with on-chip analytics, particle formations and dissolutions, and without fluidic connections are solutions to discover and develop ubiquitous reactions that form inorganic salt by-products.

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Cover Journal of Flow Chemistry
Journal of Flow Chemistry A Journal of the Flow Chemistry Society
Print ISSN:
2062-249X
Online ISSN:
2063-0212

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Journal of Flow Chemistry
Language English
Size A4
Year of
Foundation		 2011
Volumes
per Year		 1
Issues
per Year		 4
Founder Áramlásos Kémiai Tudományos Társaság
Founder's
Address		 H-1031 Budapest, Hungary Záhony utca 7.
Publisher Akadémiai Kiadó
Springer Nature Switzerland AG
Publisher's
Address		 H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245.
CH-6330 Cham, Switzerland Gewerbestrasse 11
Responsible
Publisher		 Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó
ISSN 2062-249X (Print)
ISSN 2063-0212 (Online)

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