Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Department of Rheumatology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Research Group for Inflammation Biology and Immunogenomics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, H-1089, Budapest, Nagyvárad tér 4, Hungary
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Abstract
While the key initiating processes that trigger human autoimmune diseases remain enigmatic, increasing evidences support the concept that microbial stimuli are among major environmental factors eliciting autoimmune diseases in genetically susceptible individuals.
Here, we present an overview of evidences obtained through various experimental models of autoimmunity for the role of microbial stimuli in disease development. Disease onset and severity have been compared in numerous models under conventional, specific-pathogen-free and germ-free conditions. The results of these experiments suggest that there is no uniform scheme that could describe the role played by infectious agents in the experimental models of autoimmunity. While some models are dependent, others prove to be completely independent of microbial stimuli. In line with the threshold hypothesis of autoimmune diseases, highly relevant genetic factors or microbial stimuli induce autoimmunity on their own, without requiring further factors. Importantly, recent evidences show that colonization of germ-free animals with certain members of the commensal flora [such as segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB)] may lead to autoimmunity. These data drive attention to the importance of the complex composition of gut flora in maintaining immune homeostasis. The intriguing observation obtained in autoimmune animal models that parasites often confer protection against autoimmune disease development may suggest new therapeutic perspectives of infectious agents in autoimmunity.
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Dr. Dunay, Ildiko Rita
Magdeburg, Germany
E-mail: ildiko.dunay@med.ovgu.de
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| Founder's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Publisher | Akadémiai Kiadó |
| Publisher's Address |
H-1117 Budapest, Hungary 1516 Budapest, PO Box 245. |
| Responsible Publisher |
Chief Executive Officer, Akadémiai Kiadó |
| ISSN | 2062-509X (Print) |
| ISSN | 2062-8633 (Online) |
Monthly Content Usage
| Abstract Views | Full Text Views | PDF Downloads | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nov 2024 | 71 | 1 | 1 |
| Dec 2024 | 55 | 0 | 0 |
| Jan 2025 | 73 | 0 | 0 |
| Feb 2025 | 126 | 0 | 0 |
| Mar 2025 | 101 | 0 | 0 |
| Apr 2025 | 48 | 0 | 0 |
| May 2025 | 5 | 0 | 0 |
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