The article covers the issue of ecological security in Poland with a view to international regulation, the objectives of which are pursued at the municipality level, i.e., the basic unit of local government. It is in local areas and at the source of any threat that a rapid response is often needed to eliminate environmental pollution and its effects. Accordingly, the municipal authorities have been equipped with a number of powers enabling them to take action for environmental safety. It should be assumed as a research hypothesis that, in terms of activities in the sphere of ecological security, a municipal authority is a body that complements the activities of the state resulting from EU obligations and other higher-level local government units and that these activities are aimed at issues closest to individuals. The study is characterised by a legal theory-based approach. The main research method used in the study is the doctrinal method, as well as the method of legal text analysis. It mainly draws on theoretical views presented in legal studies and those offered in case law practice.
Acosta Castellanos, P.M. and Queiruga-Dios, A., ‘From environmental education to education for sustainable development in higher education: a systematic review’ (2022) 23 International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 622–44.
Albin, A., ‘Adaptacja do zmian klimatu jako zadanie publiczne’ (Adaptation to climate change as a public task) (2023) Samorząd Terytorialny 130–43.
Alvarez-Garcia, O. and Sureda-Negre, J., ‘Greenwashing and education: An evidence-based approach’ (2023) 54 The Journal of Environmental Education 265–77.
Anand, S.V., ‘Global environmental issues’ (2023) 2 Open Access Scientific Reports 1–9.
Ardoin, N.M., Bowers, A.W. and Gaillard, E., ‘Environmental education outcomes for conservation: A systematic review’ (2020) 241 Biological Conversation 1–12.
Boyes, E. and Stanisstreet, M., ‘Environmental Education for Behaviour Change: Which actions should be targeted?’ (2012) 34 International Journal of Science Education 1591–614.
Chałubińska-Jentkiewicz, K., Karpiuk M. and Kostrubiec, J., The legal status of public entities in the field of cybersecurity in Poland (Institute for Local Self-Government Maribor, Maribor 2021) DOI: <https://doi.org/10.4335/2021.5.>.
Ciechanowicz-McLean, J., ‘Bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne w prawie ochrony środowiska i w prawie wodnym’ (Environmental safety in environmental and water law) in Lisicka, H. (ed), Wybrane problemy prawa ochrony środowiska. Rola sądów. Prawo wodne (Wydawnictwo Prawo Ochrony Środowiska 2007) 1639–58.
Czuryk, M. and Kostrubiec, J., ‘The legal status of local self-government in the field of public security’ (2019) 41 Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem 33–47 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.19195/2300-7249.41.1.3>.
Czuryk, M., ‘Activities of the Local Government During a State of Natural Disaster’ (2021a) 30 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 111–24 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2021.30.4.111-124>.
Czuryk, M., ‘Cybersecurity as a premise to introduce a state of exception’ (2021b) 6 Cybersecurity and Law 83–90 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.35467/cal/146466>.
Czuryk, M., ‘Restrictions on the Exercising of Human and Civil Rights and Freedoms Due to Cybersecurity Issues’ (2022) 31 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 31–43 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2022.31.3.31-43>.
Czuryk, M., ‘Cybersecurity and Protection of Critical Infrastructure’ (2023) 32 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 43–52 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.5.43-52>.
Daly, E., ‘Constitutional Protection for Environmental Rights: The Benefits of Environmental Process’ (2012) 17 International Journal of Peace Studies 71–80.
El-Sayed, A. and Kamel, M., ‘Climatic changes and their role in emergence and re-emergence of diseases’ (2020) 27 Environmental Science and Pollution Research 22336–352.
Gaie, C. and Karpiuk, M., ‘The Provision ofe-Services by Public Administration Bodies and Their Cybersecurity’ in Gaie, C. and Mehta, M. (eds),Transforming Public Services –Combining Data and Algorithms to Fulfil Citizen's Expectations (Springer, Cham 2024).
Habuda, A. and Radecki, W., ‘Stan polskiej nauki prawa ochrony środowiska w 40 lat po raporcie U Thanta’ (The state of Polish environmental law science 40 years after the U Thant report) (2009) 3 Studia Prawnicze 145–69.
Haładyj, A., ‘Polityka ochrony środowiska – polityka sektorowa czy zintegrowana?’ (Environmental policy - sectoral or integrated policy?) (2016) 9 Przegląd Prawa Publicznego 77–88.
Haładyj, A. and Kułak-Krzysiak, K., ‘Positive silence to the removal of trees – an analysis of a legal institution’ (2019) 36 Review of European and Comparative Law 7–26.
Hedemann-Robinson, M., ‘Enforcement of EU Environmental Law and the Role of Interim Relief Measures’ (2010) 19 European Energy and Environmental Law Review 204–29.
Hermanowski, K., ‘Zasada zrównoważonego rozwoju a prawna ochrona drzew i krzewów’ (The principle of sustainable development and the legal protection of trees and shrubs) (2023) 50 Journal of Modern Science 292–316.
Hoffman, I. and Karpiuk, M., ‘The local self-government’s place in the cybersecurity domain. Examples of Poland and Hungary’ (2022) 7 Cybersecurity and Law 171–90 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.35467/cal/151826>.
Jafari, A.J., Charkhloo, E. and Pasalari, H., ‘Urban air pollution control policies and strategies: a systematic review’ (2021) 19 Journal of Environmental Health Science & Engineering 1911–40.
James, S. and Lahti, T., The natural step for communities: How cities and towns can change to sustainable practices (New Society Publishers 2004).
Kaczmarek, K., ‘Zapobieganie zagrożeniom cyfrowym na przykładzie Republiki Estońskiej i Republiki Finlandii’ (Prevention of digital threats with examples from the Republic of Estonia and the Republic of Finland) (2019) 1 Cybersecurity and Law 143–57 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.35467/cal/133778>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘Glosa do wyroku Naczelnego Sądu Administracyjnego z dnia 12 lutego 2018 r. (II OSK 2524/17)’ (Gloss to the judgment of the Supreme Administrative Court of 12 February 2018. (II OSK 2524/17)) (2019a) 28 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 185–94 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2019.28.1.185-194>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘Position of the Local Government of Commune Level in the Space of Security and Public Order’ (2019b) 28 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 27–39 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2019.28.2.27-39>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘Organisation of the National System of Cybersecurity: Selected Issues’ (2021a) 30 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 233–44 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2021.30.2.233-244>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘The Local Government’s Position in the Polish Cybersecurity System’ (2021b) 19 Lex Localis – Journal of Local Self-Government 609–20 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.4335/19.3.609-620>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘Recognising an Entity as an Operator of Essential Services and Providing Cybersecurity at the National Level’ (2022a) 42 Prawo I Więź 166–79 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.36128/priw.vi42.524>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘The Provision of Safety in Water Areas: Legal Issues’ (2022b) 31 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 79–92 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2022.31.1.79-92>.
Karpiuk, M., ‘The Legal Status of Digital Service Providers in the Sphere of Cybersecurity’ (2023) 32 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 189–201 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.2.189-201>.
Karpiuk, M. and Kostrubiec, J., ‘Provincial Governor as a Body Responsible for Combating State Security Threats’ (2024) 33 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 107–122 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2024.33.1.107-122>.
Karpiuk, M., Melchior, C. and Soler, U., ‘Cybersecurity Management in the Public Service Sector’ (2023) 47 Prawo i Więź 7–27 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.36128/PRIW.VI47.751>.
Karpiuk, M. and Włodek, T., ‘Wygaśnięcie mandatu wójta na skutek skazania na karę grzywny za niedopełnienie obowiązków z zakresu zarządzania kryzysowego. Glosa do wyroku Sądu Rejonowego w P. z dnia 18 kwietnia 2019 r. (II K 1164/14)’ (Termination of a mayor's mandate as a result of a fine conviction for failure to fulfil emergency management duties. Gloss to the judgment of the District Court in P. of 18 April 2019. (II K 1164/14)) (2020) 29 Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 273–90 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.17951/sil.2020.29.1.273-290>.
Kielin-Maziarz, J., ‘Zasada zrównoważonego rozwoju – uwagi na tle jej miejsca w Konstytucji RP’ (The principle of sustainable development - comments on its place in the Polish Constitution) (2020) 12 Krytyka Prawa 206–28.
Korzeniowski, J., Bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne jako instytucja prawna ochrony środowiska (Environmental safety as an environmental legal institution) (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego 2012).
Kostrubiec, J., ‘The Role of Public Order Regulations as Acts of Local Law in the Performance of Tasks in the Field of Public Security by Local Self-government in Poland’ (2021) 19 Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 111–29 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.4335/19.1.111-129>.
Krzyżanowska, M.G., ‘Artykuł 96 ustawy prawo ochrony środowiska w świetle konstytucyjnych zasad subsydiarności i proporcjonalności’ (Article 96 of the Environmental Protection Act in the light of the constitutional principles of subsidiarity and proportionality) (2016) Przegląd Prawa Ochrony Środowiska 51–69.
Kumpulainen, K., Wong, Ch.-Ch., Byman, J., Renlund, J. and Vadeboncoeur, J.A., ‘Fostering children’s ecological imagination with augmented storying’ (2023) 54 The Journal of Environmental Education 33–45.
Lesiger, K.M., ‘Sustainable Development: A Common Challenge for North and South’ (1995) 15 International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy 27–64.
Lipiński, A., ‘Miejscowy plan zagospodarowania przestrzennego jako instrument ochrony środowiska’ (Local development plan as an instrument of environmental protection) (2016) 14 Studia Iuridica Agraria 221–43.
Liu, Y., ‘Legislation of air pollution control in China’ (2020) 512 IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1–4.
Lowan-Trudeau, G., ‘Digital technologies and environmental education’ (2023) 54 The Journal of Environmental Education 1–7.
Radecki, W., ‘Konstytucyjny obowiązek dbałości o stan środowiska i odpowiedzialność za jego pogorszenie’ (Constitutional duty of care for the state of the environment and liability for its deterioration) (2000) 19 Ochrona środowiska. Prawo i Polityka 2–13.
Romaniuk, P., ‘Administrative and legal obligations of the auditee in connection with the performance of an audit task in local government units’ (2022) 7 Cybersecurity and Law 191–201 DOI: <https://doi.org/10.35467/cal/151827>.
Sikora, A., Constitutionalisation of environmental protection in EU Law (Europa Law Publishing 2020).
Sitek, M., ‘Konstytucyjna ochrona środowiska naturalnego w państwach członkowskich Unii Europejskiej i w Polsce’ (Constitutional protection of the environment in the Member States of the European Union and in Poland) (2000) 12 Zeszyty Naukowe – Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Roczniki Prawnicze 59–73.
Sójka, A.J., ‘Europejski zielony Ład – Unia Europejska od zrównoważonego rozwoju i bezpieczeństwa środowiskowego do ekologizmu’ (The European Green Deal - The European Union from environmental sustainability and security to environmentalism) (2022) 12 Studia Administracji i Bezpieczeństwa 121–39.
Stanhope, R., ‘A Vision for the Future? The Concept of Sustainable Development in the Netherlands and New Zealand’ (2000) 4 New Zealand Journal of Environmental Law 147–80.
Suchocka, M. and Krynicki, M., ‘Analiza możliwości i zakresu stosowania nasadzeń zastępczych za usuwanie drzewa w kontekście nowelizacji ustawy o ochronie przyrody’ (Analysis of the possibility and scope of using replacement planting for tree removal in the context of amendments to the Nature Conservation Act) (2016) 57 Ekonomia i Środowisko 259–73.
Surówka, A., ‘Bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne a gospodarowanie odpadami w świetle prawa konstytucyjnego’ (Environmental safety and waste management in the light of constitutional law), (2012) 4 Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego 151–168.
Zacharczuk, P., ‘Administracyjnoprawne aspekty ograniczania emisji zanieczyszczeń do powietrza pochodzących z eksploatacji instalacji spalania paliw stałych w budynkach mieszkalnych’ (Administrative and legal aspects of limiting emissions of pollutants into the air from the operation of solid fuel combustion plants in residential buildings) (2017) 69 Studia Prawnicze KUL 153–77.
Zięba, S., ‘Bezpieczeństwo ekologiczne’ (Environmental safety) in Miaskowska-Daszkiewicz, K. and Szmulik, B. (eds), Encyklopedia samorządu terytorialnego (Wolters Kluwer Polska 2010) 132–36.
Zimmermann, J., Prawo administracyjne (Administrative law) (Kraków 2005).
Link1: ‘United Nations Conference on Environment & Development Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992, Agenda 21’ <https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf> accessed 30 September 2023.